Aberration Dmel\C(2)EN

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\C(2)EN	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Compound (2) ENtire	FlyBase ID	FBab0000106
Feature type	homo_compound_chromosome	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22

Formalized genetic data
Sequence coordinates
Deleted segment
Duplicated segment
Computed Breakpoints include
Breakpoints Inherited
Nature of the Aberration
Cytological Order
Progenitor
Mutagen
Class of aberration (relative to progenitor)
Breakpoints
Causes alleles
Carries alleles
Transposon Insertions
Genetic mapping information
Comments
Comments on Cytology
	C(2)EN, 2R2L - 2L2R.
Molecularly Mapped Breakpoints

Sequence Crossreferences
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name
Gene Deletion & Duplication Data
Genes Deleted / Disrupted
Complementation Data
Molecular Data
Genes NOT Deleted / Disrupted
Complementation Data
Molecular Data
Genes Duplicated
Complementation Data
Molecular Data
Genes NOT Duplicated
Complementation Data
Molecular Data
Related Comments

Phenotypic Data
In combination with other aberrations
NOT in combination with other aberrations	Distortion in paternal transmission of C(2)EN is established before fertilization. C(2)EN-bearing sperm are selectively lost after sperm transfer to the female and before storage of sperm in the seminal receptacles and spermathecae. This is consistent with a model of meiotic drive in which aberrations occurring early in meiosis lead ultimately to sperm dysfunction. (Dernburg et al., 1996) Provides all of chromosome 2 necessary for normal development. C(2)EN-bearing flies produce two types of meiotic products with respect to chromosome 2; half disomic and half nullosomic. Accordingly crosses to normal diploids produce mainly inviable mono- and triplo-2 zygotes; however crosses of C(2)EN flies to each other produce progeny. Transmission of C(2)EN by males versus that from females varies from about 30% to very low values (see also Robbins, 1977, Genetics 87: 67-81). This is attributed to zygote mortality by Novitski et al.; however, it may be reflected in defects in spermatogenesis as seen in cross sections of bundles of elongated sperm tails. Male transmission ratio is sensitive to the particular Y chromosome present (Strommen, 1982, Mol. Gen. Genet. 187: 126-31). Sex-chromosome disjunction in both sexes influenced by C(2)EN (Falk, 1982, Genet. Res. 41: 17-28); in XY/0 males the XY segregates preferentially from the compound; in X/Y males and X/X females, sex chromosome nondisjunction is elevated with the sex chromosomes segregating preferentially away from C(2)EN. In general, C(2)EN-bearing flies perform poorly in stocks and crosses.
Position Effect Variegation Data

Stocks ( 14 )
Bloomington	2974 C(2)EN 1112 C(2)EN, b¹ pr¹ 1370 C(2)EN, c¹ bw¹ 1020 C(2)EN, bw¹ sp¹ 1109 C(2)EN, bw¹ sp¹ 1116 C(2)EN, bw¹; ru¹ 1021 Dp(1;Y)B^SYy⁺/+; C(2)EN 1113 C(2)EN, b¹ bw¹; st¹ 1111 Dp(1;Y)B^SYy⁺/+; C(2)EN, bw¹ sp¹
Kyoto	101340 C(2)EN, b¹ pr¹ 101341 C(2)EN, bw¹ sp¹ 101342 C(2)EN, cn¹ bw¹
	More stocks available...
Notes on Origin
Discoverer
	Synthesized by first selecting a T(Y;2) with a break in YL of B^SYy⁺ and an absolutely terminal break in 2L and next transferring the terminal YL to C(2L)RM by recombination in a Dp(Y;2)/C(2L)RM/C(2R)RM triploid; the terminal YL was homozygosed to produce C(2LYL)RM, B^S. Irradiated C(2LYL)RM, B^S/C(2R) females were crossed to C(2L); F(2R)/F(2R) males; this cross selects for progeny that receive C(2LYL)RM, B^S plus a single copy of 2R from their mothers; those with wider Bar eyes are putative results of a translocation between the base of 2R from C(2R)RM and a terminal YL of C(2LYL)RM and the surviving offspring are YL2L.2L2R/F(2R); crosses of females of this constitution to C(2L)RM; C(2R)RM have yielded C(2)EN-bearing progeny as a consequence of fertilization of an ovum that has received a derivative homozygous (non B^S) for the 2L2R arm of the compound and no F(2R) by a nullo-2 sperm. In situ hybridization with a telomeric probe reveals the presence of telomeric sequences at the junction between 2L and 2R (Goldstein, Berry and Novitski, 1984, D. I. S. 60: 117).
Balancer / Genotype Variants of the Aberration
	C(2)EN⁺ C(2)EN-S28⁺ C(2)EN-vDa C(2)EN-vNa C(2)EN-vNb C(2)EN-vNc C(2)EN-vNd
Separable Components

Other Comments
	Genetic analysis demonstrates that the sex chromosome of the male directly correlates with the proportion of successful sperm carrying the C(2)EN chromosome: the information on the Y chromosome influences the rate of C(2)EN transmission in the male. (Strommen, 1982) A study of metaphase arrest found that crossovers between homologs attached to the same centromere do not induce metaphase arrest. Hence exchanges induce metaphase arrest only when they physically conjoin two separate kinetochores. The signal that mediates metaphase arrest is not the exchange event per se, but the resulting tension on homologous kinetochores. (Jang et al., 1995) Chromosome does not increase the error frequency of the late larva neuroblast divisions. In the syncytial embryonic nuclear divisions, the chromosome produces a 10-fold increase in division errors relative to embryos with a normal karotype. (Sullivan et al., 1993)
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	C(2)EN
Name Synonym	Compound (2) ENtire
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 22 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this aberration ( 22 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 18 ) Review ( 2 ) Abstract ( 1 ) Book ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 1 )
	Boschi et al., 2006, Genetics 172(1): 305--316 Genetic evidence that nonhomologous disjunction and meiotic drive are properties of wild-type Drosophila melanogaster male meiosis. [FBrf0190709] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2006 Show reviews ...