Allele Dmel\ac^Hw-49c

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ac^Hw-49c	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0000172
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Associated gene	Dmel\ac

Allele class
Mutagen	<up>32</up>P
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	<up>32</up>P
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference One breakpoint between 14.8 kb and 13.5 kb in the walk of Campuzano et al. (FBrf0042024) and the other between 111 kb and 122 kb in the walk of Chao and Guild. (Balcells et al., 1988)
Assay mode
Caused by aberration	In(1)Hw^49c
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	viable (Mazina et al., 1991) visible \| recessive (Held, 1990) visible \| dominant female sterile \| recessive male fertile
Phenotype Manifest In
	ocellar bristle (Stoddard, 1972) postvertical bristle (Stoddard, 1972) scutum (Skeath and Carroll, 1991, Gottlieb, 1964) wing (Skeath and Carroll, 1991) microchaeta & mesothoracic tergum \| supernumerary (Renaud and Simpson, 2002) neuron (Sturtevant and Bier, 1995) wing margin bristle \| ectopic (Badenhorst et al., 2002) anterior sternopleural bristle (Klein and Campos-Ortega, 1997) microchaeta & wing macrochaeta dorsocentral bristle wing vein (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) posterior crossvein acrostichal bristle (Gottlieb, 1964) mesothoracic tarsal bristle (Held, 1990) mesothoracic tarsal segment 1 (Held, 1990) chaeta \| ectopic (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) wing vein \| precursor (Biehs et al., 1998) sensory mother cell \| ectopic (Cubas and Modolell, 1992) sensory mother cell & dorsal mesothoracic disc (Cubas and Modolell, 1992)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Homozygous female has doubling and tripling of many bristles, three or four extra dorsocentral bristles per side, extra wing veins, gap in posterior crossvein and extra hairs on vein L2 and in wing cells. Heterozygous female has normal bristles, extra hairs on L2 and L3 and in wing cells and often an extra free vein from posterior crossvein; also extra acrostichal rows. ac^Hw-49c male much like homozygous female but bristle duplication less extreme. RK1. Not suppressed by su(Hw). Width of mesonotum in region between dorsocentral bristles increased leading to increased numbers of acrostichal rows as well as extraneous extra microchaetae. Low degree of nonautonomy reported at junction between ac^Hw-49c/ac^Hw-49c and +/+ twin spots. (Gottlieb, 1964) Often lack one or more ocellar or postvertical macrochaetae. (Stoddard, 1972) The total number of bristles on the basitarsi of the second legs is increased. An enlarged bracted bristle is seen near position 5d1 in 22% of cases. (Held, 1990) Ectopic sense organs appear on the notum and wing. (Skeath and Carroll, 1991) Two rows of ectopic sensory organ mother cells (SMCs) are seen on the presumptive posterior wing margin in ac^Hw-49c wing imaginal discs. A few extra SMCs also emerge in the dorsocentral notum region during the third larval instar period. (Cubas and Modolell, 1992) Grooming behavior normal. (Phillis et al., 1993) Multiple bristles develop instead of a single anterior sternopleural bristle in ac^Hw-49c flies. In ac^Hw-49c; klu^P212 double mutants, no bristles develop in the anterior sternopleural position. (Klein and Campos-Ortega, 1997) Ectopic neural precursors form along the longitudinal vein primordia. (Biehs et al., 1998) ac^Hw-49c/+ animals exhibit about 60 extra bristles per wing. (Badenhorst et al., 2002) ac^Hw-49c animals have a higher density of notal microchaetae, however these bristles still approximately align into rows as seen in wild-type. (Renaud and Simpson, 2002)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Other
Statement Reference ac^Hw-49c, h^unspecified, pyd^unspecified has visible \| recessive phenotype (Held, 1990, Held, 1990, Held, 1990) Oce^unspecified, ac^Hw-49c has visible phenotype (Stoddard, 1972, Stoddard, 1972) Df(3L)iro-2, ac^Hw-49c, ara¹, caup¹ has visible \| recessive phenotype (Grillenzoni et al., 1998, Grillenzoni et al., 1998) Df(3L)iro-2, ac^Hw-49c, ara¹, caup¹ has visible phenotype (Grillenzoni et al., 1998) ac^Hw-49c, su(sc)¹ has visible phenotype (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1992) ac^Hw-49c, su(sc)¹ has sterile phenotype (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1992)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference ac^Hw-49c has wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by Df(3R)awd-KRB/+ (Badenhorst et al., 2002) ac^Hw-49c has wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by ttk[+]/ttk⁰⁰²¹⁹ (Badenhorst et al., 2002) ac^Hw-49c has wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by ttk[+]/ttk^rM730 (Badenhorst et al., 2002)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference ac^Hw-49c has wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype, suppressible \| partially by ttk^69.hs (Badenhorst et al., 2002) ac^Hw-49c has chaeta \| ectopic phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Egfr^f37 (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) ac^Hw-49c has phenotype, suppressible by su(sc)^u1 (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1992)
Other
Statement Reference ac^Hw-49c, h^unspecified, pyd^unspecified has mesothoracic tarsal bristle phenotype (Held, 1990, Held, 1990, Held, 1990) ac^Hw-49c, h^unspecified, pyd^unspecified has mesothoracic tarsal segment 1 phenotype (Held, 1990, Held, 1990, Held, 1990) Oce^unspecified, ac^Hw-49c has macrochaeta & head phenotype (Stoddard, 1972, Stoddard, 1972) Oce^unspecified, ac^Hw-49c has macrochaeta & thorax phenotype (Stoddard, 1972, Stoddard, 1972) emc¹¹/Df(3L)emc-E12, ac^Hw-49c has dorsal mesothoracic disc & sensory mother cell \| ectopic phenotype (Cubas and Modolell, 1992) Df(3L)iro-2, ac^Hw-49c, ara¹, caup¹ has mesothoracic bristle \| lateral phenotype (Grillenzoni et al., 1998, Grillenzoni et al., 1998, Grillenzoni et al., 1998) ac^Hw-49c, su(sc)¹ has wing phenotype (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1992) ac^Hw-49c, emc¹¹ has dorsal mesothoracic disc & sensory mother cell \| ectopic phenotype (Cubas and Modolell, 1992)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Acts synergistically with Oce in removing head bristles but cancel each other's effects on thorax in ac^Hw-49c/Oce^unspecified females. (Stoddard, 1972) The extra chaetae found over the wing veins in heterozygous ac^Hw-49c/+ females are removed or reduced in number from the dorsal veins LIII and LV, but not from the LII and LIV ventral veins, by homozygous Egfr^f37 clones in these regions. (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) h^unspecified pyd^unspecified ac^Hw-49c triple mutants show synergistic increases in the number of bristles on the basitarsi of the second legs. (Held, 1990) ac^Hw-49c/+ ; emc¹¹/Df(3L)emc-E12 wing discs have many ectopic SMCs, mostly in the presumptive notum and dorsal wing blade and base. (Cubas and Modolell, 1992) Double mutants with su(sc)¹ are sterile and have crumpled wings. (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1992) Bristles of variable size are formed in the otherwise naked lateral region of the notum of ara¹ caup¹/Df(3L)iro-2 flies that are also carrying ac^Hw-49c, at a position corresponding to that of the posterior supraalar bristle. This bristle has a contralateral axon branch in about 70% of cases. (Grillenzoni et al., 1998) The addition of ttk^rM730/+ to ac^Hw-49c/+ animals leads to an 1.35 enhancement of the ectopic wing margin bristle phenotype. The addition of ttk⁰⁰²¹⁹/+ to ac^Hw-49c/+ animals leads to an 1.2 enhancement of the ectopic wing margin bristle phenotype. The addition of Df(3R)awd-KRB/+ to ac^Hw-49c/+ animals leads to an 1.5 enhancement of the ectopic wing margin bristle phenotype. The addition of ttk^69.hs/+ to ac^Hw-49c/+ animals leads slight suppression of the ectopic wing margin bristle phenotype (80% of the bristles seen in ttk^69.hs/+ alone are seen in double mutants.. (Badenhorst et al., 2002)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Kyoto	107676 ac^Hw-49c/FM1
Bloomington	56 ac^Hw-49c/C(1)A, y¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	King, 21st March 1949.
	Induced with: sc^49c.
Comments
	More extreme than ac^Hw-1. Double mutant ac^Hw-49c, h¹ or ac^Hw-49c, emc^unspecified flies augments the derepression of the achaete-scute complex. (del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, 1984) Revertants of ac^Hw-49c lose their dominant phenotypes; however they remain sc and may exhibit a weak ac phenotype or be lethal in combination with Df(1)sc19. (Garcia Alonso and Garcia-Bellido, 1986) ac, sc and l(1)sc transcripts considerably more abundant than in wild type; also more generally expressed in wing discs than normal. (Balcells et al., 1988) The expression of l(1)sc protein is reduced in mutant embryos. (Martin-Bermudo et al., 1991) Overexpression of the ac and sc proteins. The global pattern of h is unchanged but the level of expression is increased. (Skeath and Carroll, 1991)
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	ac^Hw-49c Hw^49c (Aigouy et al., 2004, Renaud and Simpson, 2002, Sato et al., 1999, Biehs et al., 1998, Grillenzoni et al., 1998, Klein and Campos-Ortega, 1997, Mlodzik et al., 1990, Phillis et al., 1993, Blair et al., 1992, Martin-Bermudo et al., 1991, Held, 1990, Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990, Georgiev, 1990, del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, 1984, ) Hw^49C (Cubas and Modolell, 1992, Mazina et al., 1991)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 25 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 25 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 25 )
Recent research papers (0)
	All research papers listed in FlyBase were published before 2006 Show research papers ...

Allele Dmel\acHw-49c

Allele Dmel\ac^Hw-49c