Allele Dmel\ast¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ast¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0000774
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Associated gene	Dmel\ast

Allele class
Mutagen	spontaneous
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	spontaneous (Lewis, 1945, Higson et al., 1993)
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Mutation is not visible cytologically. Southern blots reveal a breakpoint between coordinates -0 and +4.3. (Higson et al., 1993)
Assay mode
Cytology	Polytene chromosomes normal. (Lewis, 1945)
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	wild-type (with ast^rv1) (Lewis, 1945) visible (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K6) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K20) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^K11) (Higson et al., 1993) visible (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) visible \| recessive visible \| partially \| recessive (Lewis, 1945)
Phenotype Manifest In
	ommatidium (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K19) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K6) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K18) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K7) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K20) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K9) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^B612) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K12) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K3) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K11) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K2) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K5) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K14) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K15) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K16) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K17) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K21) (Higson et al., 1993) ommatidium (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L2 (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L3 (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L4 (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein L5 (with ast^K13) (Higson et al., 1993) wing vein (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) eye (Kolodkin et al., 1994, Lewis, 1945, ) ommatidium (Kolodkin et al., 1994, ) wing vein L2 (Lewis, 1945, ) wing vein L3 (Lewis, 1945, ) wing vein L4 (Lewis, 1945, ) wing vein L5 (Lewis, 1945, ) embryonic somatic muscle (with Df(2L)ast4) (Artero et al., 2003) abdominal lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (with Df(2L)ast4) (Artero et al., 2003) abdominal dorsal oblique muscle 4 (with Df(2L)ast4) (Artero et al., 2003)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Eyes small and rough; wing veins L2, L3, L4 and L5 do not always extend to margin. S¹ +/+ ast¹ has very small eyes with fused facets; veins L2 to L5 incomplete at tip. S¹ ast¹/+ ast¹ has slightly larger eye than S¹ +/+ ast¹. S¹ ast¹/+ + resembles S¹ +/+ +. S +/+ ast and ast/ast partially suppress px and net. Eyes of ast¹/E(S)¹ rough. Enhanced by: E(S). RK2. Homozygotes have rough eyes. Wings veins L2, L3, L4 and L5 occasionally have terminal gaps. Heterozygotes occasionally have a very slightly roughened eye, but are usually inseparable from wild-type. (Lewis, 1945) Intercalary and terminal gaps in all veins in an erratic fashion and asymmetrically in the two wings of the same individual. Abnormal eye morphology. (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990) Transheterozygotes with ast^B612, ast^K3 or ast^K12 exhibit disranged ommatidia in eyes that are one to three quarters wild type size. Wing veins L2, L3, L4 and L5 do not reach the wing margin in the majority of males and occasionally in females. Transheterozygotes with ast^K11 exhibit disranged ommatidia in nearly wild-type sized eyes. No wing vein abnormalities are found. Transheterozygotes with ast^K2, ast^K5, ast^K7, ast^K14, ast^K15, ast^K16, ast^K17, ast^K18, ast^K19 or ast^K21 exhibit disranged ommatidia in eyes that are one to three quarters wild type size. Wing veins L2, L3, L4 and L5 do not reach the wing margin in the majority of males and occasionally in females. Transheterozygotes with ast^K6 or ast^K20 exhibit disranged ommatidia in nearly wild-type sized eyes. No wing vein abnormalities are found. Transheterozygotes with ast^K13 exhibit ommatidia that are very jumbled and often fused. Eyes are less than one-quarter wild type size. Wing vein abnormalities are very pronounced and present in nearly all males and females. Transheterozygotes with ast^K9 exhibit ommatidia that are very jumbled and often fused. Eyes are less than one-quarter wild type size. Wing vein abnormalities are very pronounced and present in nearly all males and females. (Higson et al., 1993) Mutants have a rough eye phenotype with minor defects in ommatidial assembly. (Kolodkin et al., 1994) ast¹/Df(2L)ast4 embryos have defects in the development of a subset of somatic muscles, especially muscles LL1 and DO4. (Artero et al., 2003)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference ast¹ has visible \| dominant phenotype, enhanceable by E(S)¹ (Lewis, 1945)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ast¹ is an enhancer of visible phenotype of rux³ (Thomas et al., 1994) ast¹ is an enhancer of visible \| dominant phenotype of S¹ (Lewis, 1945)
Other
Statement Reference S⁵¹, ast¹ has visible phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference ast¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by E(S)¹ (Lewis, 1945)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ast[+]/ast¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R7 phenotype of Sos^JC2, sev⁶ (Kolodkin et al., 1994) ast¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of rux³ (Thomas et al., 1994) ast¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of S¹ (Lewis, 1945) ast¹ is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of S¹ (Lewis, 1945)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference ast¹/S¹ is a suppressor of phenotype of px^unspecified (Lewis, 1945) ast¹ is a suppressor of phenotype of px^unspecified (Lewis, 1945, ) ast¹ is a suppressor of phenotype of net^unspecified (Lewis, 1945) ast¹/S¹ is a suppressor of phenotype of net^unspecified (Lewis, 1945)
Other
Statement Reference S⁵¹, ast¹ has eye phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952) S⁵¹, ast¹ has wing vein L2 phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952) S⁵¹, ast¹ has wing vein L3 phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952) S⁵¹, ast¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952) S⁵¹, ast¹ has wing vein L5 phenotype (Meyer, 1952, Meyer, 1952)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Dominantly enhances the S¹ eye phenotype: double heterozygotes have extremely small, diamond-shaped eyes in which many of the facets are fused and the remainder are irregular in size and distribution. The phenotype is dominantly enhanced by E(S)¹; ast¹ E(S)¹ double heterozygotes have rough eyes. Partially suppresses the phenotype or net^unspecified or px^unspecified homozygotes. S¹/ast¹ tends to completely suppress the phenotype of net^unspecified or px^unspecified homozygotes. (Lewis, 1945) S⁵¹/ast¹ flies have an extremely small and narrow eye, with a glasslike effect. The distal ends of wing veins L2 to L5 are missing to various degrees. (Meyer, 1952) The suppression of the sev⁶ R7 phenotype by Sos^JC2 is almost entirely reversed if the flies are also made heterozygous for ast¹ or ast⁴. In S¹/ast¹ transheterozygotes the eyes are reduced in size and many ommatidia are missing. (Kolodkin et al., 1994)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	ast^K6 (Kotarski et al., 1998)
Comments
Stocks ( 18 )
Bloomington	221 ast¹ dpp^d-ho cl¹ 1446 ast¹ dpp^d-ho dp^o2 217 al¹ S¹ ast¹ dpp^d-ho/SM1 1349 ast¹ dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹ 1454 In(2LR)DTD16, ast¹ dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹/CyO 2064 ast¹ dpp^s4 dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹/CyO 666 e(S)X¹/C(1)M3, y²; al¹ S¹ ast¹ dpp^d-ho/SM1 2068 T(2;3)dpp^s2, ast¹ dpp^s2 dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹/CyO
Kyoto	106316 ast¹ dpp^d-ho dp^o2 106283 ast¹ dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹ 106645 ast¹ dpp^s4 dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹/CyO 106648 T(2;3)dpp^s2, ast¹ dpp^s2 dpp^d-ho ed¹ dp^ov1 cl¹/CyO
	More stocks available...
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	E. B. Lewis, Feb. 1938.
	Arose in: S¹. (Lewis, 1945)
Comments
	Overlaps wild type rarely.
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	ast (Meyer, 1952, Lewis, 1945) ast¹ S^r (Lewis, 1945, Duncan and Celniker, 2004)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 10 )
Research paper	Artero et al., 2003, Development 130(25): 6257--6272 Notch and Ras signaling pathway effector genes expressed in fusion competent and founder cells during Drosophila myogenesis. [FBrf0167513] Johannes and Preiss, 2002, Mech. Dev. 115(1-2): 3--14 Wing vein formation in Drosophila melanogaster: hairless is involved in the cross-talk between Notch and EGF signaling pathways. [FBrf0149093] Kotarski et al., 1998, Genome 41(2): 295--302 The Drosophila gene asteroid encodes a novel protein and displays dosage-sensitive interactions with Star and Egfr. [FBrf0102955] Kolodkin et al., 1994, Development 120(7): 1731--1745 Characterization of Star and its interactions with sevenless and EGF receptor during photoreceptor cell development in Drosophila. [FBrf0073598] Thomas et al., 1994, Cell 77(7): 1003--1014 Cell cycle progression in the developing Drosophila eye: roughex encodes a novel protein required for the establishment of G1. [FBrf0074608] Higson et al., 1993, Genome 36(2): 356--366 The molecular organization of the Star/asteroid region, a region necessary for proper eye development in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0058632] Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990, Roux Arch. dev. Biol. 198(6): 336--354 Genetic analysis of the wing vein pattern of Drosophila. [FBrf0052918] Meyer, 1952, D. I. S. 26: 66--67 [New mutants report.] [FBrf0063684] Lewis, 1945, Genetics 30: 137--166 The relation of repeats to position effect in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0006343]
Obituary	Duncan and Celniker, 2004, Dev. Cell 7(4): 487--489 In memoriam: Edward B. Lewis (1918-2004). [FBrf0183865]

Allele Dmel\ast1

Allele Dmel\ast¹