Allele Dmel\Cha^ts1

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Cha^ts1	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0001617
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Cha
Also Known As	cha^ts1

Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal \| adult stage \| recessive \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) lethal \| embryonic stage \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993) lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) lethal \| recessive \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) neurophysiology defective \| heat sensitive (with Df(3R)Cha5) (Kitamoto et al., 2000) paralytic (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993) paralytic \| adult stage \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) paralytic \| heat sensitive (Kitamoto et al., 1992) paralytic \| heat sensitive (with Df(3R)Cha5) (Kitamoto et al., 2000)
Phenotype Manifest In
	dorsal medial muscle (Kitamoto et al., 2000)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Cha^ts1/Df(3R)Cha5 flies raised at 18^oC and then transferred to 30^oC can stand and walk around after 1 day at 30^oC. The flies are all paralysed after 3 days at 30^oC. Short-latency responses to a single stimulation of the giant fiber are observed in the tergotrochanteral muscle (TTM) but not the dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) of Cha^ts1 flies kept at the restrictive temperature. (Kitamoto et al., 2000) Monoclonal antibodies to CHA recognise a protein of wild-type molecular weight (80kD) but, even at the permissive temperature, in lesser amounts than in the wild-type. (Takagawa and Salveterra, 1996) Homozygous flies become paralysed and subsequently die at the restrictive temperature. Homozygotes show late embryonic lethality when kept at the restrictive temperature from the beginning of development. (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^m0.5 (Kitamoto et al., 1992) Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^m0.8 (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995, Yasuyama et al., 1995) Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^m1.2 (Kitamoto et al., 1992, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^m3.3 (Kitamoto et al., 1992, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^m7.4 (Kitamoto et al., 1992, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993, Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) Cha^ts1 is rescued by Cha^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP}/Scer\GAL4^Cha.7.4 (Sadananda et al., 2012)
Not rescued by	Cha^ts1 is not rescued by Cha^m0.5 (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995) Cha^ts1 is not rescued by Cha^m0 (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995)
Comments	Expression of Cha[Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Cha.7.4] rescues the recessive lethality of Cha[ts1]. (Sadananda et al., 2012)
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Shows normal GABA staining in stage 17 nerve cord. (Kueppers et al., 2003) The order for phenotypic severity for temperature-sensitive paralysis in adults is: Cha^ts3 > Cha^ts2 > Cha^ts1. (Kitamoto et al., 2000)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Cha^l16 cha^ts1 (Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1991, Sadananda et al., 2012) Cha^ts1 Cha^tsl (Kitamoto et al., 1992) choline acetyltransferase^ts1 (Kueppers et al., 2003)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 14 )
Research paper	Sadananda et al., 2012, Traffic 13(7): 979--991 Interaction with a Kinesin-2 tail propels choline acetyltransferase flow towards synapse. [FBrf0218568] Kueppers et al., 2003, J. Neurochem. 84(5): 939--951 In developing Drosophila neurones the production of gamma-amino butyric acid is tightly regulated downstream of glutamate decarboxylase translation and can be influenced by calcium. [FBrf0159054] Kitamoto et al., 2000, J. Neurobiol. 42(2): 161--171 Isolation and characterization of mutants for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter gene in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0125203] Kitamoto et al., 1998, J. Biol. Chem. 273(5): 2706--2713 Structure and organization of the Drosophila cholinergic locus. [FBrf0100588] Takagawa and Salveterra, 1996, Neurosci. Res. 24(3): 237--243 Analysis of choline acetyltransferase protein in temperature sensitive mutant flies using newly generated monoclonal antibody. [FBrf0087731] Yasuyama et al., 1996, J. Neurobiol. 30(2): 205--218 Differential regulation of choline acetyltransferase expression in adult Drosophila melanogaster brain. [FBrf0089212] Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1995, J. Neurosci. 15(5 Pt. 1): 3509--3518 A POU homeo domain protein related to dPOU-19/pdm-1 binds to the regulatory DNA necessary for vital expression of the Drosophila choline acetyltransferase gene. [FBrf0082229] Yasuyama et al., 1995, J. Comp. Neurol. 361(1): 25--37 Immunocytochemical study of choline acetyltransferase in Drosophila melanogaster: An analysis of cis-regulatory regions controlling expression in the brain of cDNA-transformed flies. [FBrf0084510] Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1993, Rouxs Arch. Dev. Biol. 202(3): 159--169 Developmental regulatory elements in the 5' flanking DNA of the Drosophila choline acetyltransferase gene. [FBrf0059318] Kitamoto et al., 1992, J. Neurosci. 12: 1628--1639 Analysis of cis-regulatory elements in the 5' flanking region of the Drosophila melanogaster choline acetyltransferase gene. [FBrf0056572] Greenspan, 1980, J. Comp. Physiol. A. 137(1): 83--92 Mutations of choline acetyltransferase and associated neural defects in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0035222] Hall et al., 1979, Ferrendelli, 1979: 1--42 Neural defects induced by genetic manipulation of acetylcholine metabolism in Drosophila. [FBrf0033116]
Review	Buchner, 1991, J. Neurogenet. 7: 153--192 Genes expressed in the adult brain of Drosophila and effects of their mutations on behavior: a survey of transmitter- and second messenger-related genes. [FBrf0054500]
Abstract	Kitamoto and Salvaterra, 1991, Greenspan, Palka, 1991: 100 Regulation of the Drosophila choline acetyltransferase gene during development. [FBrf0078798]

Allele Dmel\Chats1

Allele Dmel\Cha^ts1