Allele Dmel\Dfd¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Dfd¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0002374
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Dfd
Also Known As	Dfd^D

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class	gain of function allele
Mutagen	spontaneous
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	gain of function allele (Chadwick et al., 1990)
Mutagen	spontaneous
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References insertion site 3R:2,628,154..2,629,153 evidence=experimental comment=Dfd¹ is a 50kb insertion flanked by multiple roo elements that falls within 1kb of the 3' end of the Dfd transcription unit. (Chadwick et al., 1990)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference 50kb insertion within 1kb of the 3' end of the Dfd transcription unit that is flanked by multiple copies of roo elements. Also a duplication of the fourth and fifth Dfd exons on the distal side of the transposon flanked insertion. (Chadwick et al., 1990) Large transposon flanked insertion downstream of the Dfd transcription unit. (McGinnis et al., 1990)
Caused by insertion	?{}Dfd¹ (McGinnis et al., 1990)
Carried on aberration	Payne-D (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.8.25) Payne-Dc (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.8.25) Payne-DS (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.8.25)
Cytology	Polytene chromosomes normal.
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	viable (McGinnis and Kaufman, 2002.2.18) visible \| dominant (McGinnis et al., 1990, McGinnis et al., 1990, Chadwick et al., 1990, Regulski et al., 1987, Saget et al., 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
	adult head (Saget et al., 1998) head bristle (Saget et al., 1998) head bristle \| ectopic (Saget et al., 1998) ocellus (McGinnis et al., 1990)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Heterozygous males have ectopic antero-ventral bristles on the head. (Saget et al., 1998) Adult head deformations: lower eye and orbital structures are absent. Homozygotes have bulbous growths in the place of missing eye tissue, these may be duplications of the second antennal segment. (Chadwick et al., 1990) Adults have ventral eye and orbital tissue missing. (McGinnis et al., 1990) Loss of ventral eye and orbital regions in the adult head. Head defects phenocopied by Dfd^hs.PK constructs and heat-shock constructs of the human Hox4.2 in cells of the eye disc during third larval instar development. (McGinnis et al., 1990) Adult head defects. (Regulski et al., 1987) dominant Eyes reduced ventrally and anteriorly, or furrowed. Vibrissae tufted. Extremely variable, often overlapping wild type, but usually excellent character with Ly or at 19^oC. Classifiable in single dose in triploids (Schultz, 1934). Muller reported an occasional homozygote as extreme dwarf with flimsy wings. RK2.
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference Dfd¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by M(3)65F¹ (Sinclair et al., 1981)
Other
Statement Reference Dfd[+]/Dfd¹, M(3)80¹ has lethal \| dominant \| pharate adult stage \| heat sensitive phenotype (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd[+]/Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has visible \| recessive phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, M(3)80[+]/M(3)80¹ has lethal \| dominant \| pharate adult stage \| heat sensitive phenotype (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd¹, mxc^G43 has visible \| dominant phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^G46 has visible \| dominant phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^G46 has visible \| recessive phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has visible \| dominant phenotype (Saget et al., 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference Dfd¹ has adult head phenotype, enhanceable by M(3)65F¹ (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by M(3)65F¹ (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by apt⁰⁹⁰⁴⁹
Other
Statement Reference Dfd[+]/Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has arista phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd[+]/Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has eye phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd[+]/Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has maxillary palpus phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, M(3)80[+]/M(3)80¹ has head phenotype (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd¹, mxc^G43 has adult head phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^G46 has adult head phenotype (Saget et al., 1998, Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has arista phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has eye phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, mxc^M1 has maxillary palpus phenotype (Saget et al., 1998) Dfd¹, qed¹ has vibrissae phenotype (Florence, 1999.7.22) Dfd¹, qed^S140V has vibrissae phenotype (Florence, 1999.7.22)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Hemizygous mxc^M1 males have normal eyes. mxc^M1/Y Dfd¹/+ males have no aristae, and the maxillary palps and eyes are extremely reduced. mxc^G46/Y Dfd¹/+ and mxc^G43/Y Dfd¹/+ males have head defects. (Saget et al., 1998) The Dfd¹ eye phenotype is enhanced by M(3)65F¹. Dfd¹/M(3)80¹ double heterozygotes survive at 22^oC but not at 29^oC. At 29^oC, the double heterozygotes pupate, but die as pharate adults that fail to eclose and lack most head structures. (Sinclair et al., 1981)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 18 )
Bloomington	800 Dfd¹ p^p 632 wk¹/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 487 Dl¹¹/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 488 Dl¹²/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 495 dwh¹/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 1714 Df(3R)M86D, Dfd¹ p^p/TM3, Ser¹ 2439 Dfd¹ Gldⁿ² p^p/TM3, Sb¹ 4464 M(3)40l30¹/In(3L)P, In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 480 Df(3R)ry27, Dfd¹ cu¹ kar¹/TM3, Sb¹
Kyoto	108963 T(3;4)Dubinin/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ 105937 Dl¹²/In(3R)P, Dfd¹ ca¹ 106467 Df(3R)M86D, Dfd¹ p^p/TM3, Ser¹
	More stocks available...
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	Cattell, July 1913.

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 4 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Dfd (Sinclair et al., 1981) Dfd¹ Dfd^D (Saget et al., 1998, Chadwick et al., 1990, McGinnis et al., 1990, McGinnis et al., 1990, Regulski et al., 1987) unnamed (Hazelrigg and Kaufman, 1983)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBal0029316 FBal0038714
References ( 16 )
Research paper	Saget et al., 1998, Genetics 149(4): 1823--1838 Needs and targets for the multi sex combs gene product in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0103357] McCarron et al., 1994, Genetics 136(3): 1013--1023 Drosophila P element transposase induces male recombination additively and without a requirement for P element excision or insertion. [FBrf0073864] Chadwick et al., 1990, Dev. Biol. 141(10): 130--140 Ectopic expression from the Deformed gene triggers a dominant defect in Drosophila adult head development. [FBrf0051503] McGinnis et al., 1990, Cell 63: 969--976 Human Hox-4.2 and Drosophila Deformed encode similar regulatory specificities in Drosophila embryos and larvae. [FBrf0051400] Regulski et al., 1987, EMBO J. 6: 767--777 Developmental and molecular analysis of Deformed; a homeotic gene controlling Drosophila head development. [FBrf0046135] Hazelrigg and Kaufman, 1983, Genetics 105: 581--600 Revertants of dominant mutations associated with the Antennapedia gene complex of Drosophila melanogaster: Cytology and genetics. [FBrf0039462] Scott et al., 1983, Cell 35: 763--776 The molecular organization of the Antennapedia locus of Drosophila. [FBrf0039012] Sinclair et al., 1981, Genetics 97(34): 581--606 Genetic and developmental analysis of a temperature-sensitive Minute mutation of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0036530] Schultz, 1934, D. I. S. 1: 55--56 The manifestation of dominants in the triploid. [FBrf0002742] Bridges and Morgan, 1923, Publs Carnegie Instn 327: 1--251 The third-chromosome group of mutant characters of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0001261]
Review	McGinnis et al., 1990, Adv. Genet. 27: 363--402 Establishment and maintenance of position-specific expression of the Drosophila homeotic selector gene Deformed. [FBrf0051116]
Personal communication to FlyBase	McGinnis and Kaufman, 2002.2.18, Dfd<up>1</up> is homozygous viable. Dfd¹ is homozygous viable. [FBrf0145638] Florence, 1999.7.22, Notes from Brian Florence. Notes from Brian Florence. [FBrf0109188] Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.8.25, Variants of Payne. Variants of Payne. [FBrf0104711]
FlyBase analysis	FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Balancer summary information. Balancer summary information. [FBrf0189689]
Book	Morgan et al., 1925, Biblphia Genet. 2: 262pp The genetics of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0001379]

Allele Dmel\Dfd1

Allele Dmel\Dfd¹