Allele Dmel\dpp^d12

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\dpp^d12	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0003009
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\dpp
Also Known As	dpp¹²

Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
Mutagen	X ray
Recent Updates
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence (Brook and Cohen, 1996, Jazwinska et al., 1999, Kenyon et al., 2003)
Mutagen	X ray
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Deletion of control elements. (Brook and Cohen, 1996) Disrupts 3' regions controlling disc expression. (Pan and Rubin, 1995) Alterations in the disk regulatory region of dpp gene. (Capdevila et al., 1994) Breakpoint allele. (St. Johnston et al., 1990)
Caused by aberration	In(2L)dpp^d12 (Cho et al., 2000, Segal and Gelbart, 1985, Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1994, Lecuit et al., 1996, Johnson et al., 2007, Bollenbach et al., 2008)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal (with dpp^hr56) (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) lethal \| pupal stage (St. Johnston et al., 1990) lethal \| pupal stage \| recessive (Capdevila et al., 1994) viable (with dpp^s-hc1) (Stultz et al., 2005) viable (with dpp^TgR46.1) (Stultz et al., 2005) viable \| reduced (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) visible (Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1994) visible (with dpp^d5) (Capdevila et al., 1994, Gorfinkiel et al., 2003, Bangi and Wharton, 2006, de Navas et al., 2006) visible (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) visible (with dpp^d8) (Teleman and Cohen, 2000) visible \| recessive (Emerald and Roy, 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
	antenna (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) antennal disc (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) arista (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) capitellum (with dpp^d5) (de Navas et al., 2006) female analia (with dpp^d5) (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003) femur (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) fifth segment of antenna (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) fourth segment of antenna (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) genital disc (with dpp^d14) (Keisman and Baker, 2001) gonopod long bristle (Emerald and Roy, 1998) gonopod thorn bristle (Emerald and Roy, 1998) imaginal disc (St. Johnston et al., 1990, Bryant, 1988) leg (Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1994) leg (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) leg \| dorsal \| somatic clone (Held and Heup, 1996) male genitalia (Emerald and Roy, 1998) male genitalia (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) male terminalia (with dpp^d5) (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003) ommatidium (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) penis (Emerald and Roy, 1998) penis \| supernumerary (with dpp^d5) (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003) sex comb \| supernumerary (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) tarsal segment (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) taste bristle (with dpp^d6) (Yasunaga et al., 2006) tibia (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) unguis (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) ventral thoracic disc (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) wing (with dpp^d5) (Capdevila et al., 1994, Bangi and Wharton, 2006) wing (with dpp^d6) (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) wing (with dpp^d8) (Teleman and Cohen, 2000, Jazwinska et al., 1999) wing disc (with dpp^hr56) (Bangi and Wharton, 2006)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference The wings of dpp^d5/dpp^d12 mutants are so small that the identification of patterning defects is obscured. (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) The size of the capitellum of the haltere is reduced in dpp^d5/dpp^d12 adults compared to wild type. (de Navas et al., 2006) dpp^d12/dpp^d6 flies show a considerable loss of taste bristles but do not show a loss of pseudotrachae or a significant change in gross mediproboscis morphology. (Yasunaga et al., 2006) dpp^d5/dpp^d12 females have normal vaginal plates and tergite eight, showing discretely reduced analia in a few cases. dpp^d5/dpp^d12 males have extensively reduced terminalia and the penis apparatus can be duplicated or triplicated. (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003) The genital disc is severely reduced in dpp^d12/dpp^d14 larvae. (Keisman and Baker, 2001) The wing blade is almost entirely missing in dpp^d8/dpp^d12 animals. Some wing hinge structures are present. (Teleman and Cohen, 2000) dpp^d8/dpp^d12 flies have rudimentary wings. (Jazwinska et al., 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 flies have a reduced number of ommatidia. The adults are weak, short-lived (live for 2-3 days) and have abnormalities in the wing, leg, antenna and external genitalia. The tarsal and meta-tarsal segments of all legs are abnormal in dpp^d6/dpp^d12 flies, due to loss of claws and fusion of the tarsal segments. The dorsal parts of the leg are sometimes ventralised. The tibia and femur are progressively less affected, while the trochanter and coxa are almost wild type. The number of sex comb bristles is generally higher than normal. dpp^d6/dpp^d12 flies have defects in the distal segments of the antenna. The arista is usually absent and a conical projection is present on the third segment (which presumably represents the fused 4th, 5th and 6th antennal segments). The leg and antennal discs of dpp^d6/dpp^d12 larvae are deformed. Most dpp^d6/dpp^d12 males completely lack external genitalia while some have abnormal external genitalia. There is little effect on the female genitalia. (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) The external genitalia of dpp^d6/dpp^d12 and dpp^d8/dpp^d12 males are reduced to a small ring like structure. The external genitalia of dpp¹⁰⁶³⁸/dpp^d12 males are highly defective and the penis apparatus is less defective. dpp^d6/dpp^d12 and dpp¹⁰⁶³⁸/dpp^d12 females show duplication of the thorn bristles accompanied by an absence of long bristles. dpp^d8/dpp^d12 females show a complete duplication of the thorn bristles of the vaginal plate. (Emerald and Roy, 1998) Heterozygotes are phenotypically wild-type. (Khalsa et al., 1998) Homozygous clones induced in first instar larvae produce abnormalities in the dorsal side of the leg. Pattern elements from the dorsal side are missing, and may or may not be replaced with a duplicate version of the remaining ventral part of the leg. Duplications are arranged as mirror images. Homozygous clones doubly mutant for dpp^d12 and wg^l-17 show defects in both the ventral and dorsal sides of the leg. The frequency of duplications is reduced compared to the single mutant homozygous dpp^d12 or wg^l-17 clones. (Held and Heup, 1996) dpp^d8/dpp^d12 dics wing pouch is small, almost no wing tissue remains, except structures for the proximal hinge region. The proximal costa remains in the anterior compartment and a reduced alula in the posterior. Partial rescue of the wing phenotype is achieved by tkv^{Q253D.Scer\UAS.cLa} expression driven by Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1. (Lecuit et al., 1996) Mutation partially suppresses the penetrance of the hh^Mrt phenotype. (Felsenfeld and Kennison, 1995) Heterozygotes with dpp^d5 have reduced wings. dpp^d5/dpp^d12 heterozygotes have reduced wings. Some dpp^d12 ptc^G20/dpp^d5 ptc¹⁶ individuals eclose and show a partial rescue of the ptc phenotype (decrease in the numbers of bristles on the notum, legs and antennae and number of teeth in the male sex comb and a reduction in size of overgrown structures). (Capdevila et al., 1994) Heterozygotes of dpp^d12 and dpp^d14 have the distal leg structures missing. (Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1994) A posterior clone runs along the antero-posterior boundary until it reaches a gap in wing vein 4 (a region sensitive to lack of dpp) where the border of the clone becomes irregular. (Hidalgo, 1994) medulla neuropil ommatidia In dpp^d12/dpp^d6 or dpp^d12/dpp^d14 flies the medulla neuropil is reduced to a size similar to that produced by inactivating wg prior to 44hr AEL. The number of ommatidia is correspondingly reduced. (Kaphingst and Kunes, 1994) Rudimentary imaginal discs. (St. Johnston et al., 1990) In dpp^d12/dpp^d14 heterozygotes all imaginal discs are extremely reduced, die as early pupae. Imaginal disc transplantation demonstrates that only the anterior notum and most of the proximal anterior wing margin are produced. Wing discs do not have regenerative capacities. (Bryant, 1988)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference Df(2L)JS17/+, dpp^d12 has visible \| dominant phenotype, enhanceable by sax[+]/sax¹ (Twombly et al., 2009) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has visible phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference dpp^d5/dpp^d12 has visible phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] (de Navas et al., 2006)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference dpp^d12 is an enhancer of visible \| recessive phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-enhancer of visible phenotype of I-2^{Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6,T:Hsap\MYC}, Scer\GAL4^vg.PM, put^Scer\UAS.cMa (Bennett et al., 2003)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a suppressor of neuroanatomy defective phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) dpp^d12 is a suppressor of increased cell number \| somatic clone phenotype of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005) dpp^d12 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003) wg^l-17/dpp^d12 is a suppressor of increased cell number \| somatic clone phenotype of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-suppressor of large body phenotype of Scer\GAL4^29BD, dally^{sec.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Takeo et al., 2005) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of I-2^{Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6,T:Hsap\MYC}, Scer\GAL4^vg.PM, put^Scer\UAS.cMa (Bennett et al., 2003) dpp^d12 is a non-suppressor of cell death defective \| somatic clone phenotype of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005) dpp^d12 is a non-suppressor of planar polarity defective phenotype of Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev, Tak1^Scer\UAS.cMa (Mihaly et al., 2001) wg^l-17/dpp^d12 is a non-suppressor of cell death defective \| somatic clone phenotype of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005)
Other
Statement Reference dally[+]/dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴, dpp^d12 has visible \| dominant phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dally^ΔP-188, dpp^d12/dpp[+] has visible \| dominant phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dpp^d12, gbb⁴ has viable \| poor phenotype (Khalsa et al., 1998, Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12, nub¹ has visible phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12, nub² has visible phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12/dpp^s8, nub¹ has visible phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12/dpp^s8, nub² has visible phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference Df(2L)JS17/+, dpp^d12 has unguis phenotype, enhanceable by sax[+]/sax¹ (Twombly et al., 2009) Df(2L)JS17/+, dpp^d12 has wing vein phenotype, enhanceable by sax[+]/sax¹ (Twombly et al., 2009) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has antenna phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has arista phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has femur phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has fifth segment of antenna phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has fourth segment of antenna phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has leg phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has male genitalia phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has sex comb \| supernumerary phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has tarsal segment phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has tibia phenotype, enhanceable by B¹ (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference dpp^d5/dpp^d12 has capitellum phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Ubx¹³⁰/Ubx[+] (de Navas et al., 2006) dpp^d12 has eye disc phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1/eya^Scer\UAS.cBa (Curtiss and Mlodzik, 2000) dpp^d12 has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1/eya^Scer\UAS.cBa (Curtiss and Mlodzik, 2000)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is an enhancer of crossvein \| somatic clone phenotype of gbb¹ (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is an enhancer of wing vein L4 phenotype of gbb^5I/gbb⁴ (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is an enhancer of wing vein L5 phenotype of gbb^5I/gbb⁴ (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of 2nd posterior cell phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of 2nd posterior cell phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of anterior crossvein phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of anterior crossvein phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of discal cell phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of discal cell phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of submarginal cell phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of submarginal cell phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing basal cell 2 phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing basal cell 2 phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing cell phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing cell phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L2 phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L2 phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L3 phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L3 phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L4 phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L4 phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L5 phenotype of gbb¹ (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12 is an enhancer of wing vein L5 phenotype of gbb⁴ (Khalsa et al., 1998)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-enhancer of wing phenotype of I-2^{Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6,T:Hsap\MYC}, Scer\GAL4^vg.PM, put^Scer\UAS.cMa (Bennett et al., 2003) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-enhancer of wing phenotype of Moe^C858 (Molnar and de Celis, 2006) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-enhancer of wing vein L5 \| somatic clone phenotype of gbb¹ (Bangi and Wharton, 2006)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference dpp^d5/dpp^d12 is a suppressor \| partially of phenotype of ptc¹⁶/ptc^G20 (Capdevila et al., 1994) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a suppressor of eye disc phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a suppressor of glial cell phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) dpp^d12 is a suppressor of arista \| supernumerary phenotype of obk¹ (Atallah et al., 2004) dpp^d12 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003) dpp^d-ho/dpp^d12 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of CycE^JP (Horsfield et al., 1998)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-suppressor of wing phenotype of I-2^{Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6,T:Hsap\MYC}, Scer\GAL4^vg.PM, put^Scer\UAS.cMa (Bennett et al., 2003) dpp^d12/dpp[+] is a non-suppressor of wing phenotype of Moe^C858 (Molnar and de Celis, 2006) dpp^d12 is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev, Tak1^Scer\UAS.cMa (Mihaly et al., 2001) dpp^d12 is a non-suppressor of eye photoreceptor cell phenotype of Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev, Tak1^Scer\UAS.cMa (Mihaly et al., 2001)
Other
Statement Reference B¹, dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has antennal segment 2 sense organ phenotype (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) B¹, dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has antennal segment 3 sensillum phenotype (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) B¹, dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has leg sensillum phenotype (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) B¹, dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has second segment of antenna phenotype (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) B¹, dpp^d6/dpp^d12 has third segment of antenna phenotype (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU, dpp^d12, wg^l-17 has wing disc \| somatic clone phenotype (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005) BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^tub.PU, dpp^d12 has wing disc \| somatic clone phenotype (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005, Perez-Garijo et al., 2005) dally[+]/dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴, dpp^d12 has antenna phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dally[+]/dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴, dpp^d12 has eye phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dally^ΔP-188, dpp^d12/dpp[+] has antenna phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dally^ΔP-188, dpp^d12/dpp[+] has eye phenotype (Jackson et al., 1997) dpp^d12, gbb¹ has prothoracic tarsal segment \| male phenotype (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12, gbb⁴/gbb¹ has prothoracic tarsal segment \| male phenotype (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12, gbb⁴ has prothoracic tarsal segment \| male phenotype (Khalsa et al., 1998) dpp^d12, nub¹ has wing phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12, nub² has wing phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12/dpp^s8, nub¹ has wing phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) dpp^d12/dpp^s8, nub² has wing phenotype (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The glial overmigration phenotype seen in spin[10403] eye discs is significantly suppressed if the animals are also heterozygous for dpp[d12]. (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) sax[1]/+ enhances the trans-heterozygous dpp[d12] Df(2L)JS17 phenotype characterised by missing tarsal claws and abnormal wing venation. (Twombly et al., 2009) gbb¹, dpp^d12/+ clones induced in the anterior of the wing leads to a greater loss of the L4-L5 intervein than gbb¹ clones but no greater loss of the L5 wing vein. The wing pouch of dpp^d12/dpp^hr56 wing discs is reduced to essentially a dorsal/ventral margin with no detectable vein primordia. (Bangi and Wharton, 2006) The reduced size of the capitellum seen in dpp^d5/dpp^d12 adults is partially suppressed by Ubx¹³⁰/+. (de Navas et al., 2006) The wing defects seen in Moe^c858 homozygotes are unnaffected by dpp^d12/+. (Molnar and de Celis, 2006) dpp^d12 heterozygosity does not reduce animal size when dally^{sec.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} is driven by Scer\GAL4^29BD. (Takeo et al., 2005) The small size of dpp^d-blk/dpp^d12 eye discs is partially rescued by eya^Scer\UAS.cBa expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 and greater numbers of developing ommatidia are seen. (Curtiss and Mlodzik, 2000) brk^M68 clones induced in a dpp^d8/dpp^d12 background lead to outgrowths of wing blade material indicating that normal target gene activation occurs without normal dpp levels. (Jazwinska et al., 1999) The severity of the leg defects seen in dpp^d6/dpp^d16 flies is enhanced by B¹. There is an overall shortening in length along the proximal-distal axis of the leg and complete or partial fusion or even total loss of tarsal segments. The tibia and femur are deformed, showing shortening, bulging and disorganised bristle patterns. The coxa and trochanter are not so strongly affected. The sex comb of the prothoracic leg, when present, is always duplicated in these flies. The antenna phenotype of dpp^d6/dpp^d16 flies is enhanced by B¹; the arista, 4th and 5th segments are completely absent and the 2nd and 3rd segments are widened and deformed and have defects in the bristle pattern. B¹ ; dpp^d6/dpp^d16 flies completely lack ommatidia. All B¹ ; dpp^d6/dpp^d16 males completely lack external genitalia. (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999) The gbb⁴/gbb⁴ and gbb¹/gbb⁴ phenotypes are dominantly enhanced by dpp^d12; there is a greater loss of wing vein L4, wing vein L2 and the anterior crossvein than in gbb single mutant flies. There is also loss of intervein tissue, especially between veins L2 and L3 and between veins L4 and L5, resulting in a reduction in the size of the wing. A gap at the distal end of vein L3 is seen in 3% of cases. A reduction in the loss of wing vein L5 is seen in these flies. Viability is reduced. gbb¹ dpp^d12/gbb⁴ + flies show truncations and/or fusions of the distal-most tarsal segments of the male prothoracic leg. (Khalsa et al., 1998) Double mutant clones with nub¹ or nub² cause dramatic reduction of cell number in the wing pouch. (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997) Flies heterozygous for both dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ and dpp^d12 show eye and antenna abnormalities. (Jackson et al., 1997) dpp^d12 Pka-C1^E95 also fail to form veins in the anterior compartment. (Jiang and Struhl, 1995)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference X-ray irradiated wing disc clones expressing BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa under the control of Scer\GAL4^tub in dpp^d12 mutants contain a mixture of two types of cell: `live' cells, which have not initiated apoptosis due to the irradiation, and `undead' cells (between 20 and 70% of the clone), which have initiated apoptosis, but have failed to complete programmed cell death. No such cells persist outside the clones in which BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa is expressed. X-ray irradiated wing disc clones expressing BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa under the control of Scer\GAL4^tub in dpp^d12 wg^l-17 mutants contain a mixture of two types of cell: `live' cells, which have not initiated apoptosis due to the irradiation, and `undead' cells (between 20 and 70% of the clone), which have initiated apoptosis, but have failed to complete programmed cell death. No such cells persist outside the clones in which BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa is expressed. Unlike BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa (Scer\GAL4^tub) wing disc clones, neither BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa (Scer\GAL4^tub) dpp^d12 nor BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa (Scer\GAL4^tub) dpp^d12 wg^l-17 clones appear to be associated with extra proliferation or growth after stress (such as X-ray irradiation). (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005)
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	dpp^d5/dpp^d12 is rescued by dpp^αTub84B.PG (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)
Partially rescued by	dpp^d12/dpp^d8 is partially rescued by dpp^{Scer\UAS.T.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 (Teleman and Cohen, 2000) dpp^d14/dpp^d12 is partially rescued by dpp^{Scer\UAS.E.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 (Entchev et al., 2000)
Not rescued by	dpp^d14/dpp^d12 is not rescued by dpp^TnJMB7 (Masucci et al., 1990)
Comments	Expression of dpp^αTub84B.PG in clones in the male terminalia in a dpp^d5/dpp^d12 background results in the recovery of terminal structures. The degree of recovery depends on the developmental stage at which the clone is induced. Recovery of terminal structures is accompanied by reduced penis apparatus duplications. The rescue is non-autonomous. (Gorfinkiel et al., 2003) dpp^{Scer\UAS.T.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} rescues the wing phenotype of dpp^d8/dpp^d12 flies when expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1; wing size and pattern are almost normal except that ectopic vein material is seen near vein 3 and the spacing between veins 3 and 4 is slightly increased. (Teleman and Cohen, 2000) Belongs to the disk-V class of alleles. (St. Johnston et al., 1990) Allele class: d-V
Stocks ( 3 )
Bloomington	2070 dpp^d12/CyO
Kyoto	106650 dpp^d12/CyO 101482 dpp^d12 / CyO
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Remove most or all of the imaginal disc function of dpp. (Lecuit et al., 1996) Lacks disc function and retains shortvein function. (Jiang and Struhl, 1995) Two copies fail to rescue defects of class V heterozygote dpp^d12/dpp^d14, individuals fail to form cuticle, most do not eclose from the pupal case, those that do have near full size wings and some legs are missing tarsal segments. (Masucci et al., 1990) dpp class V allele. (Segal and Gelbart, 1985)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
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Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	d12 (Stultz et al., 2005) dpp¹² (Curtiss and Mlodzik, 2000, Chen et al., 1999, Sanchez et al., 1997, Segal and Gelbart, 1985) Dpp¹² (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) dpp^D12 (Perez-Garijo et al., 2005, Mihaly et al., 2001, Moreno and Morata, 1999) dpp^d12 (Yasunaga et al., 2006, Bangi and Wharton, 2006, Molnar and de Celis, 2006, de Navas et al., 2006, Christoforou et al., 2008, Johnson et al., 2007, Bollenbach et al., 2008, Twombly et al., 2009, Zhou et al., 2012)
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References ( 65 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 65 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 64 ) Letter ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Zhou et al., 2012, Curr. Biol. 22(8): 668--675 Free extracellular diffusion creates the dpp morphogen gradient of the Drosophila wing disc. [FBrf0218186] Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011, J. Neurosci. 31(19): 7005--7015 Spinster Controls Dpp Signaling during Glial Migration in the Drosophila Eye. [FBrf0213705] Show all research papers ...

Allele Dmel\dppd12

Allele Dmel\dpp^d12