Allele Dmel\fs(1)h¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\fs(1)h¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0004278
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\fs(1)h

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Digan et al., 1986)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References point mutation X:7,949,363..7,949,363 na_change=G7949363A pr_change=G33D \| fs(1)h-PA; G33D \| fs(1)h-PB; G33D \| fs(1)h-PC; G33D \| fs(1)h-PD; G33D \| fs(1)h-PE; G33D \| fs(1)h-PF reported_pr_change=G33D comment=Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change. (Florence and Faller, 2008)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: G33D. (Florence and Faller, 2008)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	female sterile \| heat sensitive (Florence and Faller, 2008) female sterile \| heat sensitive (with Df(1)C128) (Florence and Faller, 2008) female sterile \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h⁴) (Florence and Faller, 2008) female sterile \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^PA) (Florence and Faller, 2008) female sterile \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^rnc) (Florence and Faller, 2008) female sterile \| maternal effect \| recessive \| heat sensitive (Digan et al., 1986) lethal \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^PA) (Florence and Faller, 2008) lethal \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^rnc) (Florence and Faller, 2008) lethal \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect \| partially \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h⁴) (Florence and Faller, 2008) lethal \| heat sensitive (Kuzin et al., 1994) lethal \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^1033B) (Florence and Faller, 2008) lethal \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^CXE1) (Florence and Faller, 2008) lethal \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (Shearn, 1989) lethal \| pupal stage \| heat sensitive (Digan et al., 1986)
Phenotype Manifest In
	abdominal segment 2 \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h⁴) (Florence and Faller, 2008) abdominal segment 2 \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^PA) (Florence and Faller, 2008) abdominal segment 2 \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^rnc) (Florence and Faller, 2008) cephalopharyngeal skeleton \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^PA) (Florence and Faller, 2008) embryonic/first instar larval cuticle \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h⁴) (Florence and Faller, 2008) filzkorper \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^PA) (Florence and Faller, 2008) filzkorper \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^rnc) (Florence and Faller, 2008) larval head \| maternal effect \| heat sensitive (with fs(1)h^rnc) (Florence and Faller, 2008) metathoracic segment \| maternal effect (Digan et al., 1986)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference fs(1)h[1] female homozygotes are able to lay eggs at 18[o]C, but lose fertility at 26.5[o]C. fs(1)h[rnc]/fs(1)h[1] females are fertile at 18[o]C, but are unable to lay eggs at 22[o]C. fs(1)h[PA]/fs(1)h[1] females are fertile at 18[o]C, but lose fertility at 25[o]C. Df(1)C128/fs(1)h[1] females are fertile at 18[o]C, but lose fertility at 25[o]C. fs(1)h[4]/fs(1)h[1] females are fertile at 18[o]C, but lose fertility at 26.5[o]C. Progeny from fs(1)h[PA]/fs(1)h[1] mothers, raised at semipermissive temperatures (22[o]C), do not hatch. Cuticle analysis reveals very severe head defects, and 95% show segmental fusion of the second abdominal segment. Defects are rarely observed in other segments. The filzkorper is often deleted or malformed. Progeny from fs(1)h[rnc]/fs(1)h[1] mothers, raised at semipermissive temperatures (22[o]C), do not hatch. Cuticle analysis reveals that the second abdominal segment is deleted or fused in all of these animals, and most show fusion and mid-line defects in additional segments. The filzkorper is deleted or malformed in 95% of animals. Head structures are often indiscernible and occasionally absent altogether. Approximately 50% of progeny from fs(1)h[4]/fs(1)h[1] mothers, raised at semipermissive temperatures (22[o]C), do not survive embryogenesis. Cuticle analysis reveals a weak pair-rule phenotype, which is most consistently observed in even parasegments. 75% of defects seen involve the second abdominal segment. (Florence and Faller, 2008) Progeny derived from homozygous fs(1)h¹ mothers in which oogenesis occurred at an intermediate temperature (23^oC) exhibit missing halteres and/or missing third legs or a low frequency of homeotic transformations of the haltere to wing and third to second leg. (Shearn, 1989) Females hemizygous for fs(1)h¹ that also carry Df(3R)red-P93 give rise to progeny with a high frequency of homeotic transformation of T3 to T2. Females heterozygous for fs(1)h¹ that also carry Df(3R)red-P93 give rise to progeny with a low but significant frequency of homeotic transformation of T3 to T2. (Digan et al., 1986) temperature-sensitive
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference fs(1)h¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by ash2² (Shearn, 1989) fs(1)h¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by trx^E5 (Shearn, 1989)
Other
Statement Reference Kr^If-1, fs(1)h¹/fs(1)h[+] has eye phenotype (Sollars et al., 2003) Kr^If-1, fs(1)h¹ has eye phenotype (Sollars et al., 2003)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference 10+/-2% of Kr^If-1/+ flies born to fs(1)h¹/+ mothers have outgrowths with ectopic vibrissae protruding from the ventral region of the eye, compared to less than 0.1% of Kr^If-1/+ flies born to isogenised wild-type mothers. (Sollars et al., 2003) Heterozygosis of ash1 alleles increases the penetrance of homeotic transformations in progeny derived from fs(1)h¹ hemizygous mothers: the increase in penetrance is proportional to the loss of ash1 function. (Shearn, 1989)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	fs(1)h^CXE1 (Florence and Faller, 2008) fs(1)h^PA (Florence and Faller, 2008) fs(1)h^PE (Florence and Faller, 2008) fs(1)h^rnc (Florence and Faller, 2008)
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	5284 cv¹ fs(1)h¹ v¹/FM7c
Kyoto	108150 cv¹ fs(1)h¹ v¹/FM7c
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Relative strengths of the mutant alleles estimated as follows: fs(1)h² > fs(1)h⁶ > fs(1)h¹ for the temperature sensitive alleles, Df(1)C128 = fs(1)h⁵ = fs(1)h⁴ > fs(1)h¹⁸ > fs(1)h³ > fs(1)h⁸ > fs(1)h¹⁷ for the non-conditional alleles. (Digan et al., 1986) Relative strengths of the mutant alleles estimated as follows: Df(1)C128 = fs(1)h⁵ = fs(1)h⁴ > fs(1)h¹⁸ > fs(1)h³ > fs(1)h⁸ > fs(1)h¹⁷ > fs(1)h² > fs(1)h⁶ > fs(1)h¹.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	fs(1)1456 (Mohler and Carroll, 1984) fs(1)A1456 fs(1)h¹ fs(1)h¹V²⁴ (Kuzin et al., 1994) fs(1)h^ts1 (Florence and Faller, 2008) fsh¹ (Digan et al., 1986)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 8 )
Research paper	Florence and Faller, 2008, Dev. Dyn. 237(3): 554--564 Drosophila female sterile (1) homeotic is a multifunctional transcriptional regulator that is modulated by Ras signaling. [FBrf0205317] Sollars et al., 2003, Nat. Genet. 33(1): 70--74 Evidence for an epigenetic mechanism by which Hsp90 acts as a capacitor for morphological evolution. [FBrf0156004] Kuzin et al., 1994, Genes Dev. 8(20): 2478--2490 The Drosophila trithorax gene encodes a chromosomal protein and directly regulates the region-specific homeotic gene fork head. [FBrf0076508] Huang and Dawid, 1990, New Biol. 2(2): 163--170 The maternal-effect gene fsh is essential for the specification of the central region of the Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0052695] Shearn, 1989, Genetics 121: 517--525 The ash-1, ash-2 and trithorax genes of Drosophila melanogaster are functionally related. [FBrf0049909] Digan et al., 1986, Dev. Biol. 114: 161--169 Genetic and molecular analysis of fs(1)h, a maternal effect homeotic gene in Drosophila. [FBrf0044139] Mohler and Carroll, 1984, D. I. S. 60: 236--241 Report of new mutants. [FBrf0040657] Gans et al., 1975, Genetics 81: 683--704 Isolation and characterization of sex-linked female sterile mutants in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0027523]

Allele Dmel\fs(1)h1

Allele Dmel\fs(1)h¹