FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\gro[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\gro¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0005217

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\gro

Associated Insertion(s)

?{}gro¹

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

spontaneous

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Price et al., 1997, Ziemer et al., 1988)

Mutagen

spontaneous

(Preiss et al., 1988, Ziemer et al., 1988)

Progenitor genotype

Associated Insertion(s)

?{}gro¹

Cytology

Polytene chromosomes normal.

(Preiss et al., 1988, Ziemer et al., 1988)

Description

The chromosome containing the gro mutation contains two inserts, one of about 4 kb between coordinates -4.8 and -3.8 kb and a much smaller one at approximately +11.5 detected by Preiss et al. The larger of the two is independent of the gro mutation since Df(3R)Pr4, which deletes the region into which the segment is inserted, does not uncover gro; a similar argument for the independence of the insert at 11.5 can be made since gro is rescued by transformation with a segment from 12.7 to 23.1 (Preiss et al.).

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Interaction

References

ameliorates Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia

modeled by Marcal1^UAS.cBa

(Morimoto et al., 2016)

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

viable

(Price et al., 1997, Fischer-Vize et al., 1992)

visible (with gro^C105)

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

visible | recessive

(Ziemer et al., 1988, Knust et al., 1987)

Phenotype Manifest In

adult head & microchaeta

(Price et al., 1997)

dorsal-ventral compartment boundary of the wing blade

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

frontal bristle | increased number (with gro^C105)

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

macrochaeta & abdominal tergite

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

macrochaeta & head

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

macrochaeta & thorax

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

microchaeta & abdominal tergite

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

microchaeta & head

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

microchaeta & thorax

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

ocellus

(Price et al., 1997)

wing blade anterior compartment

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

wing vein L1

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

wing vein L2

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

wing vein L3

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

gro¹/gro^C105 adults have an overproliferation of frontal bristles on the head.

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro¹/gro^E48 adult wings show no overt phenotype.

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

gro^C105/gro¹ mutants display enlarged and fused ocelli, and an increased number of fronto-orbital microchaetae.

(Price et al., 1997)

The wing phenotype of gro¹ heterozygous with deletions for gro is of overgrowth and pattern duplications in regions close to the D/V compartment boundary in the anterior compartment. Weak phenotypes include distal bifurcation of vein LIII and thickening of the proximal costa. Extreme phenotypes consist of overgrowth and pattern duplications in proximal or distal regions of the anterior wing margin, including duplication and triplication of LIII and loss of LII. Sensory elements in affected areas are typical of distal regions of the wing. gro¹ when heterozygous with deletions for gro also causes the appearance of clusters of macrochaetae and microchaetae in particular regions of the head, thorax and tergites, though at low frequency.

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

gro^BFP2/gro¹ transheterozygotes have wild-type eyes.

(Fischer-Vize et al., 1992)

Low penetrance bushes of bristles over compound eyes of homozygous flies. gro¹, E(spl)^- transheterozygotes are viable and exhibit a large number of bristles on thorax, head and wings.

(Knust et al., 1987)

Homozygotes have clumps of extra bristles above each eye which give impression of bushy eyebrows; also extra bristles on the humerus. Top of head tends to be malformed; ocelli often enlarged and run together. In selected stocks, penetrance approaches 100%, but is low in unselected stocks. Concluded to be an allele of E(spl) on the basis of the visible phenotype of heterozygotes with lethal presumed point mutations at E(spl); however, it does not cause neural hypertrophy and is wild type in combination with E(spl)¹.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

gro^C105/gro¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by CG12299^EY01579

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f13

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f1

(Price et al., 1997)

Other

Statement

Reference

Ac3^EY10141, gro^C105/gro¹ has visible phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

CG8924^EY00245, gro^C105/gro¹ has visible phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

Clamp^KG00473, gro^C105/gro¹ has visible phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro^E48/gro¹, sbb[+]/sbb⁶ has visible phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

E(spl)m8-HLH^rv29, gro¹ has lethal phenotype

(Ziemer et al., 1988)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

gro¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by kni⁹

(Payankaulam and Arnosti, 2009)

gro¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by kni²

(Payankaulam and Arnosti, 2009)

gro^C105/gro¹ has frontal bristle phenotype, enhanceable by CG12299^EY01579

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro¹ has ocellus phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f13

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f13

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has interommatidial bristle phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f13

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has prothoracic leg phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f13

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has phenotype, enhanceable by rl¹

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has adult head & microchaeta phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has wing phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has prothoracic leg phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has interommatidial bristle phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f1

(Price et al., 1997)

gro¹ has prothoracic leg phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^f1

(Price et al., 1997)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

gro¹ is an enhancer of phenotype of kni⁹

(Payankaulam and Arnosti, 2009)

gro¹ is an enhancer of phenotype of kni²

(Payankaulam and Arnosti, 2009)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

gro¹/gro[+] is a non-enhancer of wing vein | ectopic phenotype of Snr1^E1

(Marenda et al., 2004)

gro¹, Scer\GAL4^30A is a non-enhancer of wing phenotype of Pka-C1^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^30A

(Kiger et al., 2001)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

gro¹/gro[+] is a non-suppressor of wing vein | ectopic phenotype of Snr1^E1

(Marenda et al., 2004)

gro¹, Scer\GAL4^30A is a non-suppressor of wing phenotype of Pka-C1^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^30A

(Kiger et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

Ac3^EY10141, gro^C105/gro¹ has frontal bristle phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

CG8924^EY00245, gro^C105/gro¹ has frontal bristle phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

Clamp^KG00473, gro^C105/gro¹ has frontal bristle phenotype

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro^E48/gro¹, sbb[+]/sbb⁶ has wing vein L2 phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

gro^E48/gro¹, sbb[+]/sbb⁶ has wing vein L3 phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

gro^E48/gro¹, sbb[+]/sbb⁶ has wing margin bristle phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

gro^E48/gro¹, sbb[+]/sbb⁶ has wing blade anterior compartment phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The overproliferation of frontal bristles on the head that is seen in gro¹/gro^C105 adults is enhanced if they are also hemizygous for CG12299^EY01579.

gro¹/gro^C105 ; CG8924^EY00245 double mutants have missing frontal bristles in 57% of cases.

gro¹/gro^C105 ; CG1832^KG00473/CG1832^KG00473 adults have extra frontal bristles on the head in 65% of cases and have missing frontal bristles in 14% of cases.

gro¹/gro^C105 ; Ac3^EY10141 double mutants have extra frontal bristles on the head in 55% of cases and have missing frontal bristles in 33% of cases.

gro¹/gro^C105 ; BCL7-like^EY10009/BCL7-like^EY00880 double mutants have extra frontal bristles on the head in 3% of cases and have missing frontal bristles in 96% of cases.

(Haussmann et al., 2008)

gro¹/gro^E48 adults heterozygous for sbb⁶ show an enlarged anterior wing compartment. Ectopic longitudinal wing vein L2 and L3 tissue develops, and transformation of the anterior wing margin bristles into more posteriorly located sensory organs is observed.

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

Egfr^t1 enhances the bristle, ocellar, wing and limb phenotypes of homozygotes. Bristle hyperplasia, ocellus enlargement and ocellus fusion are enhanced. Wings are notched, wing margins are hairier, have ectopic vein material and anterior outgrowths. Legs are fused and bifurcated. Egfr^f1; gro¹/gro¹ and Egfr^f13; gro¹/gro¹ flies display an enhanced gro phenotype: ectopic compound eyes, fused or bifurcated legs. These phenotypes are almost exclusively restricted to males. The ectopic eyes are organised into arrays of ommatidia. They are frequently adjacent to the endogenous eye but separated by a discrete border and exhibit defects in ommatidial packing and the distribution of interommatidial bristles. Egfr^t1/Df(2R)Egfr18; gro¹/gro¹ flies display a combination of Egfr and gro phenotypes. The L4 wing vein defect is restored and the ocellar bristles are present but disarrayed. In many cases supernumerary ocellar bristles and/or interocellar bristles are present producing a patch of bristles were the ocelli would normally have been. The ocelli are either reduced or eliminated. Most males display one or more ectopic eye structure dorso-medial to the normal eyes. These structures are small and contain discrete ommatidia but no interommatidial bristles. The lens material of these ectopic eyes is fused into a uniform glaze and they are recessed into the head cuticle.