FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\hh[21]

In hh²¹ mutant embryos, the number of cluster I slou expressing muscle founder cells is reduced to about 3/4 of wild-type. The cluster II slou expressing muscle founder cells ...

(Cox and Baylies, 2005)

No posterior spiracles are present in hh²¹ larvae.

(Merabet et al., 2005)

No significant abnormalities in the corpus cardiacum are detected in late stage mutant embryos.

(De Velasco et al., 2004)

Mutant animals exhibit separated nerve roots and dendritic fields in the embryonic motor system, as in wild type.

(Landgraf et al., 2003)

21% of hh²¹ heterozygotes have increased numbers of S phase larval neuroblasts compared to wild-type.

(Park et al., 2003)

Mutant embryos have a strong reduction of the head midline epidermis, a reduction in the size of the brain and optic lobe and the total absence of the larval and adult eye primordium.

(Chang et al., 2001)

There are no drastic changes in anal pad development in mutant embryos. The hindgut is shorter than in wild-type embryos (about 70% of the wild-type length at stage 16). The rectum is initially almost normal in size at early stage 12, but begins to degenerate after early stage 13 and is scarcely recognisable at stage 16. The small intestine is also reduced. Growth of the large intestine (which occurs in wild-type embryos after stage 12) is suppressed.

(Takashima and Murakami, 2001)

Homozygous embryos lack naked cuticle and develop a lawn of randomly arrayed denticles.

(Chen et al., 1999)

Fat body is slightly reduced.

(Riechmann et al., 1998)

Homozygous embryos lack naked cuticle between the abdominal denticle belts, these regions are instead covered in denticles.

(Epps et al., 1997)

Posterior naked cuticle is eliminated from every segment.

(Alexandre et al., 1996)

Larvae exhibit the cardiac arrest phenotype, foregut cells are clustered at the top of the proventriculus and cannot migrate inside to form the cardiac valve. Pupae and adult therefore have no cardiac valve and also the outer wall of the proventriculus is narrow and hollow.

(Pankratz and Hoch, 1995)

Cuticle phenotype.

(Tabata and Kornberg, 1994)

Ventral cuticle is covered in denticles.

(Hidalgo, 1991)

Embryos are reduced in size and exhibit an absence of naked cuticle in each segment. Double mutant embryos with ptc^G12 are larger and exhibit a phenotype similar to ptc.

(Ingham et al., 1991)

Strong phenotype. Mutant embryos show no obvious segmentation, and are 40% the length of wild type; denticles form a lawn arranged in a number of whorls on the ventral surface as a result of loss of naked cuticle.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hh[+]/hh²¹ is an enhancer of visible phenotype of CycE^JP

(Brumby et al., 2004)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a non-enhancer of visible phenotype of Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a suppressor of visible phenotype of upd1^GMR.PB

(Bach et al., 2003)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a non-suppressor of abnormal cell migration phenotype of ptc^D130

(Butí et al., 2014)

hh²¹ is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

hh²¹, ptc^D130 has abnormal cell migration phenotype

(Butí et al., 2014)

hh[+]/hh²¹, trol¹³ has decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage phenotype

(Park et al., 2003)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ has embryonic epidermis phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/ci^{m1-4.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chen et al., 1999)

hh²¹ has ventral denticle belt phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/ci^{m1-4.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chen et al., 1999)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ has embryonic epidermis phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/ci^{wt.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chen et al., 1999)

hh²¹ has ventral denticle belt phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/ci^{wt.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Chen et al., 1999)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hh[+]/hh²¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of CycE^JP

(Brumby et al., 2004)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a non-enhancer of eye phenotype of Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

hh²¹ is a non-enhancer of eye phenotype of N^spl-1

(Nagel and Preiss, 1999)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of upd1^GMR.PB

(Bach et al., 2003)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

hh²¹ is a non-suppressor of larval tracheal system phenotype of ptc^D130

(Butí et al., 2014)

hh²¹ is a non-suppressor of embryonic/larval ganglionic tracheal branch phenotype of ptc^D130

(Butí et al., 2014)

hh²¹ is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

hh²¹, ptc^D130 has embryonic/larval ganglionic tracheal branch phenotype

(Butí et al., 2014)

hh²¹, trol¹³ has neuroblast | larval stage phenotype

(Park et al., 2003)

hh[+]/hh²¹, trol¹³ has neuroblast | larval stage phenotype

(Park et al., 2003)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

In ptc^D130/hh²¹ double mutant embryos, tracheal ganglionic branch migration is disrupted as it is in ptc^D130 single mutants.

(Butí et al., 2014)

trol¹³/trol¹³; heterozygous for hh²¹ have increased numbers of S phase neuroblasts per brain lobe compared to trol¹³ homozygotes or hh²¹ heterozygotes.

(Park et al., 2003)

The hh²¹ denticle phenotype is not rescued by ci^{wt.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1. The phenotype is partly suppressed by ci^{m1-4.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1; embryos develop naked cuticle and the bordering denticles show some segmental organisation.

(Chen et al., 1999)

Has no effect on the eye phenotype of N^spl-1.

(Nagel and Preiss, 1999)

P{UAS-ci.A}; P{GawB}h^1J3 hh²¹ embryos exhibit rescue of the posterior naked cuticle.

(Alexandre et al., 1996)

In hh²¹;ptc⁹ double mutants the posterior cuticle within each segment is rescued. Characteristic posterior row of denticles is absent. Denticle belts appear broader and mirror image symmetry is not found.

(Hidalgo, 1991)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

hh⁶⁸⁸

(Myat et al., 2005)

hh⁵²⁰

(Myat et al., 2005)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

5338

P{ftz-lacC}4; hh²¹/TM3, Sb¹

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Strong mutation.

(Forbes et al., 1993)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

hh²¹

(Kim et al., 2021, Butí et al., 2014, Rojas-Ríos et al., 2012, Hwang and Rulifson, 2011, Knox et al., 2011, Christensen et al., 2009.5.6, Christensen et al., 2008.9.29, Christensen et al., 2008.9.29, de Velasco et al., 2007, Chu et al., 2006, Guichard et al., 2006)

hh^IJ

(Chen et al., 1999, Moore et al., 1998, Alexandre et al., 1996, de Celis et al., 1995, Tabata and Kornberg, 1994, Forbes et al., 1993, Ingham and Hidalgo, 1993, Klingler and Gergen, 1993, Sampedro et al., 1993, Ingham et al., 1991, Mohler, 1988, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (56)

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