FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\kay[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\kay¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0005681

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\kay

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

kay^7P, Dfos¹

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Progenitor genotype

Caused by aberration

Df(3R)kay¹

Cytology

Description

Df(3R)kay¹ breaks between the first and second exons of kay and removes the first exon, extending to the upstream region of kay.

(Zeitlinger, 1999.9.17)

Nucleotide substitution: T1045A.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Amino acid replacement: L92term.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Deletion in the 5' region of kay, removing exon 1 (including the translation start site).

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

3R:29,791,445..29,791,445 [+]

Nucleotide change:

T29791445A

Reported nucleotide change:

T1045A

Amino acid change:

Reported amino acid change:

L92term

Comment:

The presence of a nonsense mutation in kay¹ is disputed by the authors of FBrf0100315 and FBrf0112258 who find that kay¹ is caused by a deletion that breaks after the first exon and removes exon 1.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

adult thorax | dorsal (with kay²), with kay^hs.PZ

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

embryo | dorsal

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

embryo | dorsal closure stage

(Giesen et al., 2003, Gritzan et al., 2002)

embryo | dorsal closure stage (with kay²)

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle

(Grima et al., 2008)

embryonic/larval plasmatocyte | decreased number | embryonic stage

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

embryonic dorsal epidermis

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002, Gritzan et al., 2002)

embryonic dorsal epidermis (with kay²)

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002, Gritzan et al., 2002)

embryonic epidermis

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

embryonic epidermis | dorsal

(Ricos et al., 1999, Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

embryonic head

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

embryonic ventral epidermis

(Giesen et al., 2003)

filamentous actin | embryonic stage

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

follicle cell | somatic clone

(Dequier et al., 2001)

germ band

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

mesothoracic cleft (with kay²)

(Ramet et al., 2002)

oocyte | oogenesis stage S9 | somatic clone

(Dequier et al., 2001)

wing

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

wing disc

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1, kay^Fbz.UAS

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1, kay^Fbz.UAS

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

wing vein L5, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, kay^Fbz.UAS

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay¹ clones (mushroom body) exhibit proliferation defects (low number of axons and lack of later-born neurons) but show normal axon pruning.

(Bornstein et al., 2015)

kay¹ neuroblast clones in the mushroom body have no gross axonal phenotypes.

(Rallis et al., 2010)

kay¹ embryos show a complete failure of dorsal closure.

(Grima et al., 2008)

Heterozygous adults treated with hydrogen peroxide at the onset of metamorphosis do not show any defects.

(Jindra et al., 2004)

Mutant embryos have a dorsal closure phenotype.

(Giesen et al., 2003)

Homozygous embryos have a dorsal open phenotype. kay¹/kay² embryos have a dorsal open phenotype. kay¹/kay² adults rescued by the expression of kay^hs.PZ have a marked cleft along the dorsal midline of the thorax.

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

Dorsal closure fails in homozygous embryos. The embryos have a large dorsal hole and the cuticle collapses. kay¹/kay² embryos have dorsal holes in the cuticle.

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

kay¹/kay² animals show a lethality and a thoracic cleft phenotype. These animals, do not recover when wounded. The epithelial cells at the edge of the wound also fail to undergo any evident cell shape change or show any cytoplasmic protusive extrusions. even after 18 hours after injury, the wound is not repaired.

(Ramet et al., 2002)

When kay^Fbz.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 in a kay¹ heterozygote, there is an almost complete loss of longitudinal vein III. When kay^Fbz.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E in a kay¹ heterozygote a more complete loss of longitudinal vein V is seen. When kay^Fbz.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1 in a kay¹ heterozygote all wing vein is strongly reduced.

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

Mosaic egg chambers in which the follicular epithelium is composed almost entirely of homozygous kay¹ cells have a wild-type phenotype until stage 7/8 but degenerate during stage 9. This degeneration is associated with a failure of the main body follicle cells to accomplish their normal posteriorwards migration. Migration of border cells appears unaffected.

(Dequier et al., 2001)

Embryos fail to show complete elongation of the dorsal epidermis after germband retraction. No bunching of the epidermis is seen.

(Ricos et al., 1999)

Homozygous embryos exhibit a dorsal-open phenotype. kay¹/kay² transheterozygous embryos exhibit partially missing dorsal cuticle and the embryo is open dorsally.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Homozygotes die during embryogenesis, and have large anterior and dorsal holes, indicating a failure in dorsal closure and head involution. The leading edge epidermal cells initiate elongation transiently but subsequently resume the unelongated shape, while the more lateral epidermal cells elongate to a very minor extent and resume the typical polygonal shape after dorsal closure has been terminated prematurely. kay¹/kay² transheterozygotes are fully lethal as embryos at 25^oC and 35% die as embryos at 18^oC. The remaining 65% die as first instar larvae at 18^oC. Homozygous embryos carrying two copies of kay^αTub84B.PZ undergo normal dorsal closure and do not show the "dorsal open" phenotype, but fail to hatch. The degree of rescue is dependent on the dose of kay^αTub84B.PZ. The lethality of kay¹/kay² transheterozygotes is rescued to adulthood by kay^αTub84B.PZ. These adults have a cleft along the dorsal midline of the thorax. The lethality of kay¹/kay² transheterozygotes is also rescued to adulthood by kay^hs.PZ. Some of these adults have a cleft along the dorsal midline of the thorax, and some appear wild-type.

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

Nondefective in gonad assembly.

(Warrior, 1994)

embryonic lethal embryo open dorsally.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kay¹ has decreased cell number | embryonic stage phenotype, suppressible by dia^{ΔDad.UASp.EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^srp.Hemo

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

kay¹/kay² has lethal phenotype, suppressible by Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹/kay² has lethal phenotype, suppressible | partially by puc^E69

(Ramet et al., 2002)

kay¹/kay² has lethal phenotype, suppressible by puc^E69/puc[+]

(Zeitlinger and Bohmann, 1999)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kay¹ has lethal | recessive phenotype, non-suppressible by Jra::kay^JFJ.hs.sev

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay[+] is an enhancer of partially lethal - majority die phenotype of slpr^BS06

(Polaski et al., 2006)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | progressive phenotype of mir-969^KO

(Zhang et al., 2020)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype of Eaat1^hypo

(Peng et al., 2019)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of dsh^hs.sev.B

(Weber et al., 2008)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of hep^CA

(Miotto et al., 2006)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of sd^SG29.1

(Miotto et al., 2006)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of Hsap\APP^UAS.Tag:MYC, Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

(Leyssen et al., 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

kay¹, mbf1² has visible phenotype

(Jindra et al., 2004)

kay¹/kay², puc^E69 has viable phenotype

(Zeitlinger and Bohmann, 1999)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

kay¹ has embryonic epidermis | dorsal phenotype, enhanceable by bsk¹

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay² has embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by eg^18B

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

kay¹/kay² has embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by kni²

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kay¹ has embryonic/larval plasmatocyte | embryonic stage | decreased number phenotype, suppressible by dia^{ΔDad.UASp.EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^srp.Hemo

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

kay¹ has germ band phenotype, suppressible by dia^{ΔDad.UASp.EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^srp.Hemo

(Belyaeva et al., 2022)

kay¹/kay² has embryonic dorsal epidermis phenotype, suppressible | partially by Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹ has embryonic dorsal epidermis phenotype, suppressible by Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹/kay² has embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype, suppressible by svp¹

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

kay¹/kay² has mesothoracic cleft phenotype, suppressible | partially by puc^E69

(Ramet et al., 2002)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kay¹ has embryonic dorsal epidermis phenotype, non-suppressible by Jra::kay^JFJ.hs.sev

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹/kay² has embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype, non-suppressible by eg^18B

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

kay¹/kay² has embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype, non-suppressible by kni²

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay[+] is an enhancer of adult thorax | pharate adult stage phenotype of chm¹⁴

(Miotto et al., 2006)

kay¹ is an enhancer of embryo | dorsal closure stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237, knrl^UAS.cLa

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Eaat1^hypo

(Peng et al., 2019)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number | larval stage phenotype of Eaat1^hypo

(Peng et al., 2019)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of lamellocyte | increased number phenotype of hop^Tum

(Tokusumi et al., 2009)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of dsh^hs.sev.B

(Weber et al., 2008)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of wing phenotype of hep^CA

(Miotto et al., 2006)

kay¹/kay[+] is a suppressor of ventral adult lateral neuron & axon phenotype of Hsap\APP^UAS.Tag:MYC, Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

(Leyssen et al., 2005)

kay¹ is a suppressor of wing | ectopic phenotype of Egfr^E3

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

kay¹/kay[+] is a non-suppressor of adult thorax phenotype of Mnn1^UAS.cCa, Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

(Cerrato et al., 2006)

Other

Statement

Reference

kay¹, mbf1² has adult cuticle phenotype

(Jindra et al., 2004)

Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev, kay¹/kay² has adult thorax | dorsal phenotype

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹/kay², puc^E69 has adult thorax | dorsal phenotype

(Zeitlinger and Bohmann, 1999)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

kay¹/+ significantly suppresses the number of lamellocytes in the hemolymph of hop^Tum/+ larvae.

(Tokusumi et al., 2009)

One copy of kay¹ suppresses the formation of symmetrical ommatidia that is seen in animals expressing dsh^hs.sev.B.

(Weber et al., 2008)

A kay¹/+ background has no effect on the Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237>Mnn1^Scer\UAS.cCa phenotype.

(Cerrato et al., 2006)

The severity of the thoracic cleft seen in chm¹⁴ pharate adults is enhanced by heterozygosity for kay¹.

(Miotto et al., 2006)

mbf1² kay¹/mbf1² double mutant adults treated with hydrogen peroxide at the onset of metamorphosis often have cuticle defects, which manifest as a depressed patch of naked cuticle at the dorsal midline.

(Jindra et al., 2004)

The dorsal open phenotype of kay¹ homozygous embryos is not rescued by Jra::kay^JFJ.hs.sev. The dorsal open phenotype of kay¹/kay² and kay¹ homozygous embryos is at least partially rescued by Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev. kay¹/kay² adults rescued by the expression of Jra::kay^FJF.hs.sev have a marked cleft along the dorsal midline of the thorax.

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

The dorsal open phenotype caused by expression of eg^Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237 is enhanced by kay¹. The dorsal closure phenotype caused by expression of knrl^Scer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237 is enhanced by kay¹. kay²/kay² svp¹ flies are viable, and sometimes have mild thorax closure defects.

(Gritzan et al., 2002)

The addition of puc^E69 partially rescues the lethality and thoracic cleft phenotypes.

(Ramet et al., 2002)

The lethality of the kay¹/kay² combination is rescued by one copy of puc^E69; the rescued flies have a thoracic cleft phenotype ranging from strong to very mild.

(Zeitlinger and Bohmann, 1999)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Heterozygosity for kay¹ suppresses the Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf>Hsap\APP^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} sLNv axonal arborization phenotype.

(Leyssen et al., 2005)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Complements

kay^S135103

(Hudson and Goldstein, 2008)

kay^S135103

(Hudson and Goldstein, 2003)

Rescued by

kay^EY01644/kay¹ is rescued by kay^αTub84B.PZ

(Weber et al., 2008)

kay¹/kay² is rescued by kay^hs.PZ

(Ciapponi and Bohmann, 2002)

kay¹/kay² is rescued by kay^hs.PZ

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

kay¹/kay² is rescued by kay^αTub84B.PZ

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

kay¹ is rescued by kay^αTub84B.PZ

(Zeitlinger et al., 1997)

Partially rescued by

kay¹/kay² is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^69B/kay^UAS.cEa

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Not rescued by

kay¹/kay² is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237/kay^UAS.cEa

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Comments

Embryonic phenotype is rescued by Scer\GAL4^69B-mediated expression of kay^Scer\UAS.cEa. Mutants are rescued to pharate adults, they exhibit a split thorax and frequently lack one wing. Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237-mediated expression of kay^Scer\UAS.cEa in kay¹/kay² transheterozygous embryos fails to rescue the dorsal open phenotype.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

Bloomington

3105

ru¹ hry¹ Diap1^th-1 st¹ cu¹ sr¹ e^s kay¹ ca¹/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

Kyoto

106846

ru¹ hry¹ Diap1^th-1 st¹ cu¹ sr¹ e^s kay¹ ca¹/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Consists of a deletion that removes more than one complementation group.

(Ciapponi et al., 2001)

Allelic series according to phenotypic strength: kay¹ > kay^ED6315 > kay^P54 > kay^EY01644 > kay².

(Weber et al., 2008)

kay¹ complements sro¹ and sro^O4-105.

(Niwa et al., 2010)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

(Weber et al., 2012)

Dfos¹

(Belyaeva et al., 2022, Casas-Tinto et al., 2008)

Kay¹

(Casas-Tinto et al., 2008)

dlhD¹

kay1

(Hudson and Goldstein, 2008)

kay¹

(Clarembaux-Badell et al., 2022, Zhang et al., 2020, Peng et al., 2019, Bornstein et al., 2015, Niwa et al., 2010, Rallis et al., 2010, Tokusumi et al., 2009, Grima et al., 2008, Weber et al., 2008, Neuman-Silberberg, 2007, Cerrato et al., 2006, Polaski et al., 2006, Mace et al., 2005)

kay^7P

(Jack and Myette, 1999, Warrior, 1994, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

kay^7p

(Ricos et al., 1999)

kayak^7P

(Arora et al., 1995)

Name Synonyms

kayak1

(Grima et al., 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBal0002693

References (43)

Report Sections

Open Close