Allele Dmel\lz³

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\lz³	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0011764
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\lz

Allele class
Mutagen	spontaneous
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	spontaneous (Green and Green, 1956, Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997, Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Deletion of 358bp causing a frame shift, along with the insertion of 19bp. (Jackson Behan et al., 2005)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	eye color defective \| recessive (Green and Green, 1956) female sterile (Fuyama, 1995) increased cell death (Siddall et al., 2003) neuroanatomy defective (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002) smell perception defective (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997) smell perception defective \| semidominant (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997) visible (Siddall et al., 2003) visible \| recessive (Green and Green, 1956, Goulding et al., 2000, Batterham et al., 1996)
Phenotype Manifest In
	adult antennal nerve (Stocker and Gendre, 1988) antennal commissure (Stocker and Gendre, 1988) antennal lobe glomerulus (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002) antennal lobe glomerulus DL2 (Stocker and Gendre, 1988) antennal lobe glomerulus V (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002, Stocker and Gendre, 1988) antennal lobe glomerulus VL2 (Stocker and Gendre, 1988) eye (Green and Green, 1956, Siddall et al., 2003, Batterham et al., 1996) eye-antennal disc \| P-stage (Lienhard and Stocker, 1991) eye disc (Siddall et al., 2003) fascicle & antennal segment 3 (Jhaveri et al., 2000) maxillary palp sensillum basiconicum (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997, Stocker and Gendre, 1988, Venard and Stocker, 1991) ommatidium (Batterham et al., 1996) ovary (Green and Green, 1956) pigment cell (Green and Green, 1956) sensillum basiconicum (Goulding et al., 2000) sensillum basiconicum of antennal segment 3 (Stocker et al., 1993, Ray and Rodrigues, 1995, Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997, Stocker and Gendre, 1988, Venard and Stocker, 1991, Stocker and Gendre, 1989) sensillum coeloconicum & antennal segment 3 (Jhaveri et al., 2000) sensillum coeloconicum of antennal segment 3 (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997, Stocker and Gendre, 1988, Venard and Stocker, 1991) sensillum trichodeum (Goulding et al., 2000, Stocker and Gendre, 1988) sensillum trichodeum of antennal segment 3 (Stocker et al., 1993, Ray and Rodrigues, 1995, Venard and Stocker, 1991) spermathecum (Green and Green, 1956) third segment of antenna (Stocker et al., 1993, Stocker and Gendre, 1988) unguis (Green and Green, 1956)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference lz³ adults have a "spectacle" eye phenotype. Ectopic cell death is seen in third larval instar eye discs (this phenotype is variable). (Siddall et al., 2003) Mutants lack antennal glomerulus V and some central glomeruli are poorly formed. (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002) The number of sensilla basiconica is reduced in lz³ mutants. The number of sensilla trichodea is approximately 50% of wild type. (Goulding et al., 2000) Approximately 300 of the total 450 sensilla coeloconicum normally seen in the third antennal segment and a subsequent reduction of thickness is seen in all three fascicles. Fascicle 2 is the most significantly affected. However the fascicular pattern is comparable to wild-type and the glial cell numbers and positions are nor significantly affected. (Jhaveri et al., 2000) The basiconic sensilla of the antenna are missing in lz³ flies. The sensilla trichodea of the antenna appear normal. Many antennal coeloconic sensilla appear abnormal, having projections of varying lengths which are not always straight and may appear splayed. Duplication of the antennal coeloconic sensilla is also seen. lz³/Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺ flies have large and small basiconic sensilla on the antenna, and many antennal coeloconic sensilla appear normal. The amplitude of the physiological response of the antenna to ethyl acetate, propionic acid, 3-octanol, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone is reduced compared to wild-type. This phenotype is at least partially rescued if the flies are also carrying Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺. (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997) The amplitude of the physiological response of the maxillary palp to ethyl acetate, benzaldehyde, propionic acid, methyl-cyclohexanol, 3-octanol, 1-butanol and acetone is reduced compared to wild-type. This phenotype is partly rescued if the flies are carrying Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺. The size and shape of the maxillary palps is normal, although approximately 60% of the basiconic sensilla of the maxillary palp are reduced in size, altered in shape and/or lacking in pores. 8% of the maxillary palp basiconic sensilla are duplicated. This phenotype is partly rescued if the flies are carrying Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺; only 9% of the maxillary palp basiconic sensilla are abnormal in lz³/Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺ flies. (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1997) Homozygotes have a total lack of ommatidial structure in the eye. Pigment is dispersed as a ring around the edge of the eye ("spectacle" phenotype). No fenestrated membrane is visible. (Batterham et al., 1996) Females rarely accept courting males and exhibit an unusually high rate of spontaneous ovulation. (Fuyama, 1995) Antennae lack all basiconic and trichoid sensilla. (Ray and Rodrigues, 1995) The antennal funiculus is reduced in size in hemizygous males. All large and small basiconic sensilla on the antennal funiculus are missing, and the number of trichoid sensilla on the antennal funiculus is reduced. The number of coeloconic sensilla on the antennal funiculus is normal. The density of the coeloconic sensilla on the antennal funiculus is increased and the density of the trichoid sensilla on the antennal funiculus is decreased compared to wild-type. (Stocker et al., 1993) The onset of antennal disc eversion is delayed in lz³ mutant pupae. After eversion, no neurons can be seen at the t3 cluster site. The nerve originating in the arista does not fuse with one of the two remaining funicular nerves. (Lienhard and Stocker, 1991) Mutants lack antennal basiconic sensilla, have a marked deficit in trichoid sensilla and small increase in coeloconic sensilla. Basiconic-like sensilla on the maxillary palps are only partially eliminated. In a 'jump assay' mutants do not jump in response to strong olfactory stimuli, undiluted organic chemicals. Flies are sluggish and tend to become motionless after short periods of time. Strong concentrations of chemicals elicit a strong response, flies start immediately to move, the walk response. Elimination of the maxillary palp sensilla by palp ablation does not change the response. Ethanol is capable of evoking a walk response at concentrations lower than 10%. EAG responses to alcohols (but not to esters) are markedly lower than wild type. (Venard and Stocker, 1991) Lacks basiconic antennal sensilla. Courtship vigor is similar to wild type under red light but is much lower in normal light conditions. When maxillary palps are surgically removed males court mated females and immature males. lz³ females are much less active in a courtship situation than wild type females, comparisons with lz³⁷ females demonstrate this is not due to an olfactory defect. (Stocker and Gendre, 1989) The basiconic sensilla of the funiculus are completely missing in lz³ flies. The number of trichoid and pit sensilla are reduced. The funiculus is smaller, but the number of coeloconic sensilla is significantly enlarged. Basiconica-like sensilla on the maxillary palps are relatively unaffected, with the shaft occasionally being shortened. The number of nerve fibres in the antennal nerve and antennal commissure is significantly reduced. The antennal glomeruli V are almost always missing. Antennal glomeruli VL2 and DL2 usually appear fused. (Stocker and Gendre, 1988) Eyes are greatly reduced in size and have a smooth surface in homozygous flies. Red eye pigment is sparse and confined primarily to the margin of the eye. Tarsal claws are vestigial. The spermathecae and pars ovariae are absent in homozygous females. (Green and Green, 1956) Eye size sharply reduced; surface smooth. Optic disk of mature larva and prepupa two-thirds normal size (Chen, 1929). Red pigment greatly reduced; color yellowish brown, cream colored in combination with v. Tarsal claws vestigial. Homozygous females lack parovaria and spermathecae and are sterile; lz³/+ females lack parovaria and many have abnormal spermathecae (Anderson, 1945). Unaffected by su(f)⁶ (Schalet, 1970). RK1. glossy; tarsal structures reduced or absent; spermathecae absent; parovaria absent female-sterile
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference lz³ has visible \| recessive phenotype, enhanceable by +/amos[-] (Goulding et al., 2000)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference Scer\GAL4^hs.PB, lz³ has visible \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by amos^Scer\UAS.cGa (Goulding et al., 2000)
Other
Statement Reference Antp[+]/Antp⁶, lz³ has neuroanatomy defective phenotype (Roy et al., 2007)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference lz³ has sensillum trichodeum phenotype, enhanceable by +/amos[-] (Goulding et al., 2000)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference Scer\GAL4^hs.PB, lz³ has sensillum basiconicum phenotype, suppressible \| partially by amos^Scer\UAS.cGa/Scer\GAL4^hs.PB (Goulding et al., 2000)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference lz³ has phenotype, non-suppressible by su(Hw)² (Lindsley and Grell, 1968) Scer\GAL4^hs.PB, lz³ has sensillum basiconicum phenotype, non-suppressible by ato^Scer\UAS.cJa (Goulding et al., 2000)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference lz³ is a suppressor of glial cell \| ectopic & antennal disc phenotype of BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^Dll-981 (Sen et al., 2004)
Other
Statement Reference amos[-], lz³ has sensillum trichodeum phenotype (Goulding et al., 2000) Antp[+]/Antp⁶, lz³ has antennal lobe glomerulus phenotype (Roy et al., 2007) Scer\GAL4^hs.PB, ato^Scer\UAS.cJa, lz³ has sensillum coeloconicum phenotype (Goulding et al., 2000, Goulding et al., 2000)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The olfactory glomeruli are poorly defined in lz[3], Antp[6]/+ animals. The architecture of the CSD interneuron (CSDn), however, closely resembles that of the wild-type. (Roy et al., 2007) When BacA\p35^Scer\UAS.cHa is driven by Scer\GAL4^Dll-981 in the antennal disc of lz³/Y mutants, a complete suppression of the ectopic glial cell phenotype is seen. (Sen et al., 2004) The number of sensilla trichodea in lz³ mutants is further reduced, to 24% of wild type, if one copy of the chromosomal region containing amos is also removed. The reduction in number of sensilla basiconica seen in lz³ flies is partially rescued by expression of amos^Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4^hs.PB. The reduction in number of sensilla basiconica seen in lz³ flies is not rescued by expression of ato^Scer\UAS.cJa under the control of Scer\GAL4^hs.PB even though the number of sensilla coeloconica is increased. lz³; ato¹/ato¹ double mutants show a complete absence of sensilla basiconica and coeloconica, as expected from loss of lz and ato functions respectively. (Goulding et al., 2000)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Complements	lz^50e (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^77a7 (Batterham et al., 1996)
Partially complements	lz³⁷ (Stocker et al., 1993)
Fails to complement	lz¹ (Stocker et al., 1993, Batterham et al., 1996) lz³⁶ (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^38.71 (Stocker et al., 1993) lz⁴⁶ (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^48f (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^50e (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^77a7 (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^86b (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^b (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^g (Stocker et al., 1993, Batterham et al., 1996) lz^K (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^L (Stocker et al., 1993, Batterham et al., 1996) lz^mr2 (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^pm1 (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^pm2 (Batterham et al., 1996) lz^spm2a (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^ts1 (Stocker et al., 1993) lz^y4 (Batterham et al., 1996)
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	64 lz³/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹
Kyoto	105709 lz³/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	Bridges, 14th Feb. 1922.

Comments
	lz³ maps to the glossy sublocus of lz. (Batterham et al., 1996) Mutation affects early steps in sensillum development and many of the founder cells fail to form. Those that are present proceed to form mature olfactory sensilla. (Ray and Rodrigues, 1995) Clonal analysis suggests that the lack of antennal glomeruli V in lz³ is due to the lack of afferents from antennal basiconic sensilla. (Stocker and Gendre, 1988)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	gly³ lz³ (Batterham and MacKechnie, 1980, Roy et al., 2007)
Name Synonym	glossy-3
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 32 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 32 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 24 ) Abstract ( 6 ) Book ( 2 )
Recent research papers (0)
	All research papers listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show research papers ...

Allele Dmel\lz3

Allele Dmel\lz³