FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\mid[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\mid¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0012261

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\mid

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Buescher et al., 2006)

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: C?T.

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

Amino acid replacement: Q128term.

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009, Liu et al., 2009)

Nucleotide substitution: C659T. (Nucleotide numbering is according to cDNA clone RE27439).

(Buescher et al., 2004)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

2L:5,464,013..5,464,013 [+]

Nucleotide change:

C5464013T

Reported nucleotide change:

C?T

Amino acid change:

Q128term | mid-PA; Q128term | mid-PB

Reported amino acid change:

Q128term

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009, Liu et al., 2009)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

abdominal neuroblast NB1-1

(Buescher et al., 2006)

abdominal neuroblast NB1-1 (with Df(2L)x528)

(Buescher et al., 2006)

dorsal vessel wall cell

(Miskolczi-McCallum et al., 2005, Reim et al., 2005)

embryonic/larval heart

(Miskolczi-McCallum et al., 2005)

embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle cell

(Kumar et al., 2015)

embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle cell (with mid^8A69N1)

(Kumar et al., 2015)

gonad | embryonic stage (with mid^B23)

(Tripathy et al., 2014)

larval longitudinal connective | embryonic stage

(Liu et al., 2009)

larval ostial pore

(Reim et al., 2005)

larval pericardial cell

(Miskolczi-McCallum et al., 2005)

larval posterior commissure | embryonic stage

(Liu et al., 2009)

larval RP2 motor neuron | ectopic

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

larval RP2 motor neuron | ectopic (with Df(2L)Exel6012)

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

larval RP2 motor neuron | ectopic (with mid²)

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

larval RP2 motor neuron | ectopic (with mid^los1)

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

larval VL3/4 motor neuron

(Liu et al., 2009)

larval VO2 motor neuron

(Liu et al., 2009)

muscle cell of lateral transverse muscle 3 (with mid^8A69N1)

(Kumar et al., 2015)

muscle cell of lateral transverse muscle 4

(Kumar et al., 2015)

muscle cell of lateral transverse muscle 4 (with mid^8A69N1)

(Kumar et al., 2015)

segment border muscle cell (with mid^8A69N1)

(Kumar et al., 2015)

sensory neuron | embryonic stage

(Liu et al., 2009)

ventral denticle belt

(Buescher et al., 2004)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

mid¹/mid^8A69N1 embryos have disorganised and/or missing muscle fibers (lateral transverse muscles 3 and 4 and the segment border muscle).

mid¹/mid¹ embryos have a significantly reduced percentage presence of lateral transverse muscle 4 and a significantly increased number of nuclei in transverse muscle 4 compared to controls. In hemisegments with four LT muscles, mid¹/mid¹ embryos show a shift in fate of the LT4 muscle towards LT1-3: the most posterior LT muscle is no longer shifted dorsally and contains an increased number of nuclei compared to controls.

(Kumar et al., 2015)

mid^B23/mid¹ mutant embryos exhibit gonad development defects that are similar in penetrance and severity to mid^B23 homozygotes.

(Tripathy et al., 2014)

An additional, ectopic eve-postive neuron is observed within the nerve cord in 35-38% of hemisegments in ~14 hour-old mutant embryos. In mid^los1/mid¹ embryos, the ectopic neuron is seen in 30-39% of hemisegments; in mid²/mid¹ embryos, the ectopic neuron is seen in 33-34% of hemisegments; in mid¹/Df(2L)Exel6012 embryos, the ectopic neuron is seen in 63-66% of hemisegments. Further experiments suggest this is an ectopic RP2 (eRP2) neuron, resulting from the transformation of a wild type neuron termed the 'M-neuron', with an ectopic GMC-1-like cell and a RP2 sib-like cell also present. This extra RP2/sib lineage is formed 2-2.5 hours after the development of the bona fide RP2 lineage.

(Gaziova and Bhat, 2009)

The longitudinal tracks are interrupted and the posterior commissures are thinner than normal in mid¹ embryos.

The RP1 and RP3 motor axons stall or follow longitudinal axons in homozygous embryos (in wild-type embryos they exit the central nervous system towards the periphery).

Sensory axons in the peripheral nervous system branch excessively or cross segment borders in mutant embryos.

(Liu et al., 2009)

mid¹ and mid¹/Df(2L)x528 mutant embryos show a significant loss of NB1-1 in the odd-numbered abdominal segments (77.3% and 80% loss, respectively) while the loss of NB1-1 in the even-numbered abdominal segments is minimal (6.8 and 5%).

(Buescher et al., 2006)

Stage 17 mid¹ embryos show a partially penetrant heart phenotype, in which some embryos show defects in the alignment of cardioblasts and pericardial cells.

(Miskolczi-McCallum et al., 2005)

Stage 16 mid¹ homozygous embryos have a normal number of cells in the dorsal vessel, which has normal overall morphology. But they have increased numbers of elongated, putative ostia forming cells per hemisegment in the heart region and a corresponding decrease in numbers of dorsal vessel cells expressing cardioblast markers.

(Reim et al., 2005)

Homozygous larvae show loss of denticles predominantly in the ventral-most region of odd-numbered segments.

(Buescher et al., 2004)

Denticle bands are defective in the ventral midline.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

mid¹/mid¹ is a suppressor of decreased cell number | embryonic stage phenotype of edl^k06602

(Schwarz et al., 2018)

mid¹/mid[+] is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of gcm^Pyx

(Popkova et al., 2012)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

mid¹/mid¹ is a suppressor of embryonic heart ostial cardioblast phenotype of edl^k06602

(Schwarz et al., 2018)

mid¹/mid¹ is a suppressor of heart primordium phenotype of edl^k06602

(Schwarz et al., 2018)

mid¹/mid[+] is a suppressor of chaeta | increased number phenotype of gcm^Pyx

(Popkova et al., 2012)

Other

Statement

Reference

Df(2L)BSC810, mid¹ has segment border muscle cell phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2015)

Df(2L)BSC810, mid¹ has muscle cell of lateral oblique muscle 1 phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2015)

Df(2L)BSC810, mid¹ has embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle cell phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2015)

Df(2L)BSC810, mid¹ has muscle cell of lateral transverse muscle 4 phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2015)

Df(2L)BSC810, mid¹ has muscle cell of lateral transverse muscle 3 phenotype

(Kumar et al., 2015)

mid¹, ptc⁹ has ventral denticle belt phenotype

(Buescher et al., 2004)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The decreased number of ostial cardioblasts observed in edl^k06602 mutant embryos is rescued by mid¹ homozygosity.

(Schwarz et al., 2018)

mid¹/Df(2L)BSC810 embryos have disorganised and/or missing muscle fibers (lateral transverse muscles 3 and 4, segment border muscle, lateral oblique 1) compared to wild type.

(Kumar et al., 2015)

mid¹ ptc⁹ larvae show complete loss of denticle belts in odd-numbered segments.

(Buescher et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

mid¹ is rescued by mid^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

(Kumar et al., 2015)

mid¹ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/mid^UAS.cLa

(Liu et al., 2009)

Partially rescued by

mid^B23/mid¹ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^twi.PG/mid^UAS.cBa

(Tripathy et al., 2014)

mid^B23/mid¹ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^Six4.PT/mid^UAS.cBa

(Tripathy et al., 2014)

Comments

Driving mid^Scer\UAS.cLa with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR in mid¹/mid¹ embryos restores Kr expressing founder cells at the lateral transverse muscle 4 position.

(Kumar et al., 2015)

Expression of mid^Scer\UAS.cBa in the mesoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4^twi.PG fully rescues the lack of somatic gonadal precursor (SGP) cluster fusion and germ cell ensheathment seen in mid^B23/mid¹ mutant embryos. The number of scattered germ cells is reduced. The SGP-related defects are also rescued in the majority of embryos when mid^Scer\UAS.cBa is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^Six4.PT, but not to the extent seen with Scer\GAL4^twi.PG.

(Tripathy et al., 2014)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (3)

Bloomington

94710

w^*; mid¹ P{neoFRT}40A/CyO

3086

mid¹ cn¹ bw¹ speck¹/CyO, amos^Roi-1 bw¹

Kyoto

106830

mid¹ cn¹ bw¹ speck¹/CyO

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

mid¹

(Makhijani et al., 2024, Schwarz et al., 2018, Kumar et al., 2015, Svendsen et al., 2015, Tripathy et al., 2014, Manavalan et al., 2013, Formaz-Preston et al., 2012, Gaziova and Bhat, 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Svendsen et al., 2009, Buescher et al., 2006, Zaffran et al., 2006)

mid^1K

(Klingler and Gergen, 1993)

mid^IK

(Jack and Myette, 1999, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (20)

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