Allele Dmel\nkd³

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\nkd³	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0013025
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\nkd
Also Known As	nkd^7H16

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References point mutation 3L:19,004,045..19,004,045 comment=Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change. reported_pr_change=Q60@ pr_change=Q60@\|nkd-PA evidence=experimental na_change=C19004045T (Zeng et al., 2000)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: Q60@. (Zeng et al., 2000)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive (Zeng et al., 2000) visible \| somatic clone (Rousset et al., 2001)
Phenotype Manifest In
	abdominal ventral denticle belt (Waldrop et al., 2006) cephalopharyngeal skeleton (Zeng et al., 2000) cephalopharyngeal skeleton (with nkd²) (Rousset et al., 2002) denticle belt (Zeng et al., 2000, Chan et al., 2007) denticle belt (with nkd²) (Rousset et al., 2002) embryonic/first instar larval cuticle (Zeng et al., 2000, Chan et al., 2007) embryonic/first instar larval cuticle (with nkd²) (Rousset et al., 2002, Waldrop et al., 2006) embryonic epidermis (Rousset et al., 2001) embryonic head (with nkd²) (Waldrop et al., 2006) eye \| somatic clone (Rousset et al., 2001) filzkorper (Zeng et al., 2000) Keilin's organ (Simcox et al., 1989) posterior spiracle primordium (with nkd²) (Waldrop et al., 2006) primordium of embryonic/larval spiracle (with nkd²) (Rousset et al., 2002)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Mutant embryos secrete a uniform naked cuticle. (Chan et al., 2007) nkd²/nkd³ embryos have a strong cuticle phenotype with a severe head involution defect and widely split posterior spiracles. (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd²/nkd³ embryos have a strong cuticle phenotype; the cuticles are less than 75% of wild-type length, have two or less complete denticle bands and have an exteriorized head skeleton and noneverted spiracles. (Rousset et al., 2002) Homozygous mutant nkd³ eyes, generated by somatic clone, are small and rough. Homozygous embryos lack denticle belts. (Rousset et al., 2001) Homozygous embryos have a strong cuticle phenotype; they secrete cuticle with a fully exteriorised head skeleton, widely split filzkorper and residual denticle belts only in segment A3 and/or A5 (or no denticle belts at all), and are typically less than 75% of wild-type length. (Zeng et al., 2000) ptc parasegmental boundaries are shifted in nkd embryos forming posterior to each en domain: expression domain is reduced. (Hidalgo and Ingham, 1990) nkd mutant embryos have Keilin's organs, but these often have four or more sensory hairs rather than the normal three. Occasionally extra, discrete organs are seen, so that three organs appear in one segment, usually accompanied by the loss of an organ from an adjacent segment. nkd³/nkd² embryos grew in in vivo culture, producing implants containing imaginal discs and all larval tissues. The discs tended to grow as a merged sheet of material. Metamorphosed implants produced adult cuticular structures derived from the eye-antenna discs, leg and wing discs. (Simcox et al., 1989) strong allele
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Other
Statement Reference h¹, nkd³ has visible \| somatic clone phenotype (Zeng et al., 2000, Zeng et al., 2000)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement Reference nkd³/nkd² has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by nkd::Btau\recoverin^{rEF.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by nkd::Hsap\NKD2^{hEFX2.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, suppressible \| partially by nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{fNf30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^en-e16E/pan^ΔN.Scer\UAS (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/pan^ΔN.Scer\UAS (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{fNf30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^en-e16E/pan^ΔN.Scer\UAS (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/pan^ΔN.Scer\UAS (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic epidermis phenotype, suppressible by Xlae\Gsk3β^cRa (Rousset et al., 2001)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference nkd³/nkd² has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/Mmus\Nkd1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{f30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/Mmus\Nkd1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{f30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has denticle belt phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{m1NΔN.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/Mmus\Nkd1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{f30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{m1NΔN.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP} (Chan et al., 2007)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference nkd³ is a non-enhancer of phenotype of arm⁴ (Rousset et al., 2001) nkd³ is a non-enhancer of phenotype of dsh³ (Rousset et al., 2001)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference nkd³ is a non-suppressor of phenotype of arm⁴ (Rousset et al., 2001) nkd³ is a non-suppressor of phenotype of dsh³ (Rousset et al., 2001)
Other
Statement Reference h¹, nkd³ has eye \| somatic clone phenotype (Zeng et al., 2000, Zeng et al., 2000) h¹, nkd³ has ommatidium \| somatic clone phenotype (Zeng et al., 2000, Zeng et al., 2000) h¹, nkd³ has wing margin bristle \| somatic clone phenotype (Zeng et al., 2000, Zeng et al., 2000)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The naked cuticle phenotype of nkd[3] embryos is partially rescued by expression of pan[ΔN.Scer\UAS] under the control of either Scer\GAL4[ptc-559.1] or Scer\GAL4[en-e16E], with more complete rescue being seen when Scer\GAL4[ptc-559.1] is used as the driver. (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ h¹ clones give rise to a rough eye phenotype and loss of wing margin bristles. (Zeng et al., 2000)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference Expression of nkd::Mmus\Nkd1[m1NΔN.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP] under the control of Scer\GAL4[da.G32] results in little or no rescue of the nkd[3] cuticle phenotype. Expression of nkd::Mmus\Nkd1[f30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP] under the control of Scer\GAL4[da.G32] does not rescue the nkd[3] cuticle phenotype. Expression of Mmus\Nkd1[Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP] under the control of Scer\GAL4[da.G32] does not rescue the nkd[3] cuticle phenotype. Expression of nkd::Mmus\Nkd1[fNf30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP] under the control of Scer\GAL4[da.G32] partially rescues the nkd[3] cuticle phenotype. (Chan et al., 2007) Expression of nkd::Btau\recoverin^{rEF.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^da.G32 largely rescues the cuticle defects of nkd²/nkd³ embryos and adult viability is restored. Expression of nkd::Hsap\NKD2^{hEFX2.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^da.G32 largely rescues the cuticle defects of nkd²/nkd³ embryos and adult viability is restored. Expression of Mmus\Nkd1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^da.G32 fails to rescue the cuticle defects of nkd²/nkd³ embryos. Expression of nkd::Mmus\Nkd1^{f30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^da.G32 fails to rescue the cuticle defects of nkd²/nkd³ embryos. (Waldrop et al., 2006) When Xlae\Gsk3β^cRa RNA is injected into nkd³ flies a suppression of the naked cuticle phenotype is seen leading to the production of some denticle belts. (Rousset et al., 2001)
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	nkd^04869a (Zeng et al., 2000)
Rescued by	nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{D201A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{NBg.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{NGA.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{ΔEFX.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by nkd^{ΔRB.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{NIN4.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^Scer\UAS.cZa (Rousset et al., 2002, Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³ is rescued by nkd^{hs.T:Hsap\MYC} (Zeng et al., 2000) nkd³ is rescued by nkd^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006, Chan et al., 2007, Chan et al., 2008)
Partially rescued by	nkd³/nkd² is partially rescued by nkd^{D201A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is partially rescued by nkd^{NIN3.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006, Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is partially rescued by nkd^{Δ30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔR1S.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔYS.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{GFPX.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP,T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{K445A.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{NBg.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{NBg.Scer\UAS.T:Myr-Src64B,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{R441A.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{RAKA.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{Δ30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006, Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔD6.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔR1S.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006, Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔR1SΔ30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by nkd^{ΔR1SΔD6.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{Δ30aa.T:SV40\nls2,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006, Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^en-e16E/nkd^Scer\UAS.cZa (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/nkd^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/nkd^Scer\UAS.cZa (Chan et al., 2007)
Not rescued by	nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by nkd^{7H.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by nkd^{7H.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by nkd^{EFX.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by nkd^{NBam.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Waldrop et al., 2006, Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{NR1.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Waldrop et al., 2006, Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{R1S.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Rousset et al., 2002) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{ΔBBg.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³/nkd² is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{ΔRBg.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Waldrop et al., 2006) nkd³ is not rescued by nkd^{GFPN.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP,T:Hsap\MYC}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is not rescued by nkd^{NBg.Scer\UAS.T:Myr-Src64B-GA,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is not rescued by nkd^{SrcRBg.Scer\UAS.T:Myr-Src64B,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is not rescued by nkd^{ΔN.GFPC.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP}/Scer\GAL4^da.G32 (Chan et al., 2007) nkd³ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{ΔR1SΔ30aaNLS.Scer\UAS.T:SV40\nls2,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2008) nkd³ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/nkd^{ΔR1SΔD6Δ30aa.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} (Chan et al., 2008)
Comments
Stocks ( 4 )
Bloomington	25112 w^; h¹ nkd³ P{neoFRT}80B/TM6B, Tb⁺ 25383 w^; P{UAS-nkd.myc}3-2; nkd³/TM3, P{HB-lacZ}GS2, Sb¹ 26254 w^; P{UAS-nkd.ΔN.GFPC}2; nkd³/TM3, P{HB-lacZ}GS2, Sb¹ 26255 w^; P{UAS-nkd.ΔD6.GFPC}2; nkd³/TM3, P{HB-lacZ}GS2, Sb¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	The expression of l(1)sc is unaltered in early homozygous mutant embryos. (Martin-Bermudo et al., 1991)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	nkd³ nkd^7H16 (Rousset et al., 2002, Rousset et al., 2001, Zeng et al., 2000, Jagla et al., 1997, van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Irvine and Wieschaus, 1994, Li and Noll, 1993, Hidalgo, 1991, Martin-Bermudo et al., 1991, Hidalgo and Ingham, 1990, Simcox et al., 1989, Waldrop et al., 2006, Chan et al., 2007, Chan et al., 2008) nkd^7H (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, )
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 16 )
Research paper	Chan et al., 2008, Dev. Biol. 318(1): 17--28 Drosophila Naked cuticle (Nkd) engages the nuclear import adaptor Importin-alpha3 to antagonize Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. [FBrf0205127] Chan et al., 2007, Dev. Biol. 311(2): 538--553 Cell-autonomous, myristyl-independent activity of the Drosophila Wnt/Wingless antagonist Naked cuticle (Nkd). [FBrf0201330] Waldrop et al., 2006, Genetics 174(1): 331--348 An unconventional nuclear localization motif is crucial for function of the Drosophila Wnt/wingless antagonist naked cuticle. [FBrf0192436] Rousset et al., 2002, J. Biol. Chem. 277(50): 49019--49026 Zinc-dependent interaction between dishevelled and the Drosophila Wnt antagonist naked cuticle. [FBrf0155851] Rousset et al., 2001, Genes Dev. 15(6): 658--671 naked cuticle targets dishevelled to antagonize Wnt signal transduction. [FBrf0135776] Zeng et al., 2000, Nature 403(6771): 789--795 naked cuticle encodes an inducible antagonist of Wnt signalling. [FBrf0125452] Jagla et al., 1997, Development 124(1): 91--100 ladybird, a tandem of homeobox genes that maintain late wingless expression in terminal and dorsal epidermis of the Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0091087] Irvine and Wieschaus, 1994, Development 120(4): 827--841 Cell intercalation during Drosophila germband extension and its regulation by pair-rule segmentation genes. [FBrf0073422] Li and Noll, 1993, EMBO J. 12(12): 4499--4509 Role of the gooseberry gene in Drosophila embryos: maintenance of wingless expression by a wingless-gooseberry autoregulatory loop. [FBrf0064580] van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Ingham, Brown, Martinez Arias, 1993: 105--114 Cell patterning in the Drosophila segment: engrailed and wingless antigen distributions in segment polarity mutant embryos. [FBrf0074680] Hidalgo, 1991, Mech. Dev. 35: 77--87 Interactions between segment polarity genes and the generation of the segmental pattern in Drosophila. [FBrf0054627] Martin-Bermudo et al., 1991, Development 113(2): 445--454 Distribution and function of the lethal of scute gene product during early neurogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0053796] Hidalgo and Ingham, 1990, Development 110: 291--301 Cell patterning in the Drosophila segment: spatial regulation of the segment polarity gene patched. [FBrf0051567] Simcox et al., 1989, Development 107(4): 715--722 Imaginal discs can be recovered from cultured embryos mutant for the segment-polarity genes engrailed naked and patched but not from wingless. [FBrf0049570] Jurgens et al., 1984, Rouxs Arch. Dev. Biol. 193: 283--295 Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0041709]
Stock list	Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, D. I. S. 66: 209--269 Tubingen mutants and stock list. [FBrf0045941]

Allele Dmel\nkd3

Allele Dmel\nkd³