Allele Dmel\pb¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\pb¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0013505
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\pb

Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
Mutagen	spontaneous
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence (Cribbs et al., 1992, Johnston et al., 1998)
Mutagen	spontaneous
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: L213Q. (Tayyab et al., 2004) Nucleotide substitution: T638A. (Tayyab et al., 2004) Nucleotide substitution: C1095T. (Tayyab et al., 2004) Coordinates of the lesion are the position in the 2-μ-4a spliced form of pb. (Tayyab et al., 2004) The nucleotide substitution T638A results in the amino acid replacement L213Q. The mutant allele also contains the silent nucleotide polymorphism C1095T. (Tayyab et al., 2004)
Cytology	Polytene chromosomes normal. Polytene chromosomes normal. (Lewis et al., 1980)
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	visible \| heat sensitive (Johnston et al., 1998, Percival-Smith et al., 1997) visible \| temperature conditional (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004)
Phenotype Manifest In
	arista \| ectopic \| temperature conditional (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004) labellum (Cribbs et al., 1992, Johnston et al., 1998, Stocker, 1982, Lewis et al., 1980) maxillary palpus (Johnston et al., 1998) maxillary palpus (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004) proboscis (Percival-Smith et al., 1997) proboscis \| temperature conditional (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004) pseudotracheal sensillum \| heat sensitive (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004) tarsal segment \| ectopic \| temperature conditional (with pb²⁰) (Tayyab et al., 2004)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference pb[1]/pb[20] flies raised at 23 or 29[o]C have a null mutant phenotype; the maxillary palps are vestigial, the proboscis is transformed into a pair of tarsi and the pseudotracheae are missing. pb[1]/pb[20] flies raised at 18[o]C have a hypomorphic phenotype; the maxillary palps are vestigial, the proboscis is transformed into a pair of aristae, and the number of pseudotracheal rows is reduced to one or two. (Tayyab et al., 2004) Shows a labial palp to antenna transformation at 18^o and labial palp to leg transformation at 29^oC. pb¹/pb⁵ at 24^oC show distal labia transformed to a mixture of antenna and distal prothoracic legs. Of these 46% include claws and some display defined tarsal segments. These are never seen in any ct; pb/+ combinations. Maxillary palps of pb¹/pb⁵ are reduced in shape and ovoid, suggesting antennal transformation. This phenotype is not seen in ct; pb/+ combinations. (Johnston et al., 1998) The temperature sensitive period is between 65 and 100 hours after egg laying at 25^oC, which corresponds to late second/early third instar larval stage and when Scr activity is required for tarsus determination. (Percival-Smith et al., 1997) The labial palp is transformed to antenna or prothoracic leg, depending on the temperature. (Cribbs et al., 1992) The labial palps are transformed partially to antennal arista (containing 3 sensilla) and some spatially separated leg structures at 17^oC, and into tarsal structures only (with mechanosensory bristles) at 29^oC. The tarsal transformation is more complete in combination with ss^a. Two additional nerves branch off the labial nerve in the transformed arista, and sensory fibres are located abnormally. (Stocker, 1982) Transformation of labial palpus to prothoracic leg or antenna identity. (Lewis et al., 1980) 18^oC --> antenna 29^oC --> leg Oral lobes changed to tarsus-like or arista-like appendages. Cold (15^oC) shifts expression toward aristalike, heat (29^o) toward tarsuslike (Villee, 1944). Temperature-sensitive period in last larval instar (Vogt, 1946, Z. Naturforsch. 1: 469-75). Very short lived because adults cannot feed. male fertile female sterile. Ovaries normal but few, if any, eggs formed (Beatty, 1949). RK2.
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Suppressor of
Statement Reference pb¹/pb[+] is a suppressor \| partially of lethal \| pharate adult stage phenotype of Hsap\HTT^{Q138.Scer\UAS.T:Disc\RFP-mRFP}, Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 (Weiss et al., 2012)
Other
Statement Reference Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has visible \| homeotic phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001)
Phenotype Manifest In
Other
Statement Reference ct^L188, pb¹ has labellum phenotype (Johnston et al., 1998) ct^L188, pb¹ has pseudotracheal sensillum phenotype (Johnston et al., 1998) Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has antenna \| ectopic phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001) Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has arista \| ectopic phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001) Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has proboscis phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001) Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has second segment of antenna \| ectopic phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001) Scr⁴/Scr⁵, pb⁵/pb¹ has third segment of antenna \| ectopic phenotype (Abzhanov et al., 2001, Abzhanov et al., 2001)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference pb¹ Scr⁵/pb⁵ Scr⁴ flies show transformation of the proboscis into the antenna. The transformation varies from thick and shortened aristae with claws and pulvillae to apparently complete antennae with aristae, third and second antennal segments bearing characteristic bristles. (Abzhanov et al., 2001)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference One copy of pb[1] partially rescues the lethality seen when Hsap\HTT[Q138.Scer\UAS.T:Disc\RFP-mRFP] is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav-C155] using the P{UAS-HTT.Q138.mRFP}A insertion line. (Weiss et al., 2012)
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 5 )
Bloomington	2097 pb¹ p^p/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹ 6182 Prosβ6¹ pb¹ p^p/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹
Kyoto	108671 Prosβ6¹ pb¹ p^p/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹ 106013 th¹ st¹ pb¹ p^p cu¹ kar¹ su(Hw)² jvl¹ ss¹ Ubx^bx-1 sr¹ gl¹/TM6 101763 th¹ st¹ pb¹ p^p cu¹ kar¹ su(Hw)² jvl¹ ss¹ Ubx^bx-1 sr¹ gl¹ / TM6, (Hn^P) ss^aP88 Ubx^bx-34e Ubx^P15 e¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	Bridges, 27 March 1931.
	Induced on: p^p. (Johnston et al., 1998)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 4 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	1 (Cribbs et al., 1992) pb¹ (Tayyab et al., 2004) pb^1ts (Stocker, 1982) pr¹ (Weiss et al., 2012)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 13 )
Research paper	Weiss et al., 2012, Genetics 190(2): 581--600 Huntingtin Aggregation Kinetics and Their Pathological Role in a Drosophila Huntington's Disease Model. [FBrf0217529] Tayyab et al., 2004, Genome 47(3): 600--609 Analysis of Drosophila proboscipedia mutant alleles. [FBrf0179475] Abzhanov et al., 2001, Development 128(14): 2803--2814 The Drosophila proboscis is specified by two Hox genes, proboscipedia and Sex combs reduced, via repression of leg and antennal appendage genes. [FBrf0138361] Johnston et al., 1998, Genetics 149(1): 131--142 The homeobox gene cut interacts genetically with the homeotic genes proboscipedia and Antennapedia. [FBrf0102837] Percival-Smith et al., 1997, Development 124(24): 5049--5062 Genetic characterization of the role of the two HOX proteins, Proboscipedia and Sex Combs Reduced, in determination of adult antennal, tarsal, maxillary palp and proboscis identities in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0100199] Cribbs et al., 1992, EMBO J. 11(4): 1437--1449 Structural complexity and evolutionary conservation of the Drosophila homeotic gene proboscipedia. [FBrf0055941] Stocker, 1982, Dev. Biol. 94: 31--40 Genetically displaced sensory neurons in the head of Drosophila project via different pathways into the same specific brain regions. [FBrf0037859] Kaufman et al., 1980, Genetics 94(1): 115--133 Cytogenetic analysis of chromosome 3 in Drosophila melanogaster: the homoeotic gene complex in polytene chromosome interval 84A-B. [FBrf0034841] Lewis et al., 1980, Genetics 95(2): 367--381 Genetic analysis of the Antennapedia gene complex (ANT-C) and adjacent chromosomal regions of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0034853] Beatty, 1949, Proc. r. Soc. Edinb. B. Biol. 63: 249--270 Studies on reproduction in wild-type and female sterile mutants of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. [FBrf0007527] Vogt, 1946, Z. Naturf. 1: 469--475 IV. Die Umwandlung prasumptiven Russelgewebes in Bein- oder Fuhlergewebe. [FBrf0006681] Villee, 1944, J. exp. Zool. 96: 85--102 Phenogenetic studies of the homoeotic mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0006190] Bridges and Dobzhansky, 1933, Roux Arch. EntwMech. Organ. 127: 575--590 The mutant 'proboscipedia' in Drosophila melanogaster - a case of hereditary homoosis. [FBrf0002639]

Allele Dmel\pb1

Allele Dmel\pb¹