FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\rl[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\rl¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0014587

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\rl

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

loss of function allele

Mutagen

spontaneous

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Lorenzen et al., 2001, Duttaroy et al., 1997)

loss of function allele

(Biggs et al., 1994)

Mutagen

spontaneous

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Evidence

References

model of chromosome 16p11.2 deletion syndrome, 593-kb

CEA

(Park et al., 2017)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Interaction

References

ameliorates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Park et al., 2013)

ameliorates neurofibromatosis

modeled by Nf1^E2

(Walker et al., 2006)

ameliorates X-linked mental retardation with cerebellar hypoplasia and distinctive facial appearance

modeled by Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

ameliorates Noonan syndrome

modeled by csw⁵

(Leahy et al., 2024)

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

One copy of rl¹ ameliorates the size defects seen in Nf1^E2 mutant flies when in combination with phl¹²/+.

(Walker et al., 2006)

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage

(Park et al., 2017)

abnormal neurophysiology | recessive

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

abnormal size | adult stage

(Hall and Verheyen, 2015)

chemical sensitive

(Duttaroy et al., 1997)

decreased cell number | adult stage

(Aron et al., 2010)

decreased cell number | third instar larval stage (with rl¹⁰)

(Kim et al., 2017)

partially lethal (with Df(2R)PRF)

(Lu et al., 2000)

radiation sensitive

(Duttaroy et al., 1997)

viable

(Lorenzen et al., 2001, Zhang et al., 1999, Thackeray et al., 1998)

visible

(Baril et al., 2014, Aron et al., 2010, Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010, Kumar et al., 2003, Baker et al., 2002, Lee et al., 2002, Lorenzen et al., 2001)

visible (with Df(2R)PRF)

(Lu et al., 2000)

visible | adult stage

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016, Hall and Verheyen, 2015)

visible | recessive

(Lim et al., 1999, Zhang et al., 1999, Brunner et al., 1994)

Phenotype Manifest In

axon | third instar larval stage

(Park et al., 2017)

bract (with rl^10a)

(del Alamo et al., 2002)

cone cell

(Kumar et al., 2003)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage

(Park et al., 2017)

eye

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016, Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014, Baril et al., 2014, Aron et al., 2010, Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010, Lu et al., 2000, Lim et al., 1999, Zhang et al., 1999, Brunner et al., 1994)

eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage

(Aron et al., 2010)

hemocyte | third instar larval stage (with rl¹⁰)

(Kim et al., 2017)

ommatidium

(Kumar et al., 2003, Lim et al., 1999)

photoreceptor cell R1

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R2

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R3

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R4

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R5

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R6

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor cell R7

(Brunner et al., 1994)

photoreceptor neuron

(Lim et al., 1999)

rhabdomere

(Kumar et al., 2003)

wing

(Hall and Verheyen, 2015, Lu et al., 2000, Lim et al., 1999, Zhang et al., 1999, Brunner et al., 1994)

wing blade

(Lee et al., 2002)

wing vein

(Hall and Verheyen, 2015, Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010, Lim et al., 1999)

wing vein L3

(Lu et al., 2000)

wing vein L4

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014, Aron et al., 2010, Baker et al., 2002, Lorenzen et al., 2001, Lu et al., 2000, Brunner et al., 1994)

wing vein L5

(Lu et al., 2000)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

rl¹/rl¹⁰ mutant third instar larvae have significantly reduced concentration of circulating hemocytes compared to wild-type controls, in rl¹ heterozygotes the hemocyte levels are normal.

(Kim et al., 2017)

rl¹ mutant third instar larvae display an aberrant innervation pattern in abdominal body-wall muscles 13 (M13) and 12 (M12) neuromuscular junctions: ectopic targetting of type III axons to M13 (also observed in heterozygous mutants) as well as premature defasciculation of axon bundles at the boundary between M13 and M12.

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ mutant adults display a rough eye phenotype (due to missing photoreceptor cells).

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

rl¹ mutants do not exhibit any NMJ defects.

(Beck et al., 2015)

rl¹/rl¹ wings are smaller, with thinner veins, creased and droopy compared to controls.

(Hall and Verheyen, 2015)

rl¹ homozygotes display a slight deletion of the mid-section of the L4 wing vein that is not fully penetrant, and a weak rough eye phenotype.

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

Homozygous adults have a rough eye phenotype.

(Baril et al., 2014)

rl¹/rl¹ flies have significantly smaller eyes and show a significant decrease in the number of R cells per ommatidium, and the L4 wing vein shows stretches of thinner diameter or interruptions, compared to wild type.

(Aron et al., 2010)

Homozygotes have a mild rough eye phenotype and show loss of wing vein material.

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

Evoked excitatory junction potentials at neuromuscular junctions are decreased in rl¹ homozygous larvae.

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

Homozygotes have a rough eye phenotype, with fewer rhabdomeres per ommatidium (6.04 +/- 1.09) compared to wild type (6.99 +/- 0.07). The number of cone cells is reduced at the pupal stage compared to wild type and the development of the eye is disordered at the third larval instar.

(Kumar et al., 2003)

Homozygotes often have gaps in wing vein 4.

(Baker et al., 2002)

Homozygotes have rolled and frayed wing blades.

(Lee et al., 2002)

rl¹/rl^10a legs show a complete lack of bracts.

(del Alamo et al., 2002)

Wing vein L4 is thinned or disrupted distal to the posterior crossvein.

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

Approximately 88% of rl¹/Df(2R)PRF hemizygotes eclose compared to their heterozygous siblings at 18^oC. Surviving adults have reduced eyes, rolled wings which may be blistered and defects in wing veins L3, L4 and L5.

(Lu et al., 2000)

The extra wing vein and eye phenotypes of rl^Su23/+ flies are significantly enhanced by rl¹. rl^Su14/rl¹ flies occasionally have extra wing vein material.

(Lim et al., 1999)

rl¹ in transheterozygous combination with rl^41-1, rl^A3-2, rl^21-1, rl^Z3, rl^Z7 or rl¹⁹ produces flies with rough eyes and bent wings.

(Zhang et al., 1999)

Mild impact on R7 formation: 22% of ommatidia lack R7 cells. Double mutants with sl¹ or sl² show phenotypes very close to that of rl¹ alone.

(Thackeray et al., 1998)

Hypersensitivity to oxidative stress (paraquat) and ionising radiation.

(Duttaroy et al., 1997)

rl¹ hemizygotes have rough eyes and bent down wings. Sections through the eye reveal a lack of most R7 cells and a reduced number of outer photoreceptor cells. A central portion of the L4 wing vein is missing.

(Brunner et al., 1994)

rl¹/Df(2R)rl10a strongly enhances the wing phenotype of Egfr^t1/Egfr^f37, N^55e11/+ and vvl^M3, and of alleles of ast, rho, vn, Vno, tt, and Abruptex alleles of N. rl¹/Df(2R)rl10a suppresses the wing phenotype of Egfr^E3 and of alleles of Ras64B, ci, net and px.

(Diaz-Benjumea and Hafen, 1994)

Mutation has no effect on rho^hs.sev rough eye phenotype.

(Freeman, 1994)

viable, RK2. wing edges rolled downward; margins somewhat frayed; L4 interrupted distal to posterior crossvein. Eyes small, dark and rough. Most extreme at 26^oC, less extreme above and below that temperature (Lakovaara, 1963). Temperature sensitive period for eye phenotype during larval stages with most sensitive stage about 60 hr after hatching, i.e., at the beginning of the third instar (Hackman and Lakovaara, 1966). Effects of dosage of rl and rl⁺ on eye pigment deposition investigated by Lakovaara (1966).

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Cdk2³/Cdk2[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Gp93^EY06213/Gp93[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has visible | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Usp47^Δ1

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

rl¹ has visible | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Usp47^Δ2

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93

(Aron et al., 2010)

rl¹ has decreased cell number | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93

(Aron et al., 2010)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by mago¹/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by mago³/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by msk[+]/msk²

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by msk[+]/msk⁵

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by msk¹/msk[+]

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹/Df(2R)PRF has visible phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl¹/Df(2R)PRF has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl^13R/rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by cnk^sag13L/sag[+]

(Zhang et al., 1999)

rl¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by Galphaq[+]/Gαq¹

(Park et al., 2017)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has abnormal neurophysiology | recessive phenotype, suppressible by Atg1³/Atg1³

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype of Cdk2³

(Park et al., 2017)

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype of Gp93^EY06213

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ is an enhancer of visible | adult stage phenotype of Mkp3^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^sev.PU

(Kim et al., 2004)

rl¹ is an enhancer of decreased cell number | adult stage phenotype of Mkp3^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^sev.PU

(Kim et al., 2004)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is a non-enhancer of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, kermit^GS2053

(Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010)

rl¹ is a non-enhancer of increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage phenotype of asp¹

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of increased cell number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2017)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of increased cell number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2017)

rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of abnormal locomotor behavior phenotype of Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4^nrv2.PS

(Park et al., 2013)

rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of short lived phenotype of Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4^nrv2.PS

(Park et al., 2013)

rl¹ is a suppressor of visible | adult stage phenotype of Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Park et al., 2013)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of increased cell number | adult stage phenotype of sl²

(Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of Egfr^E1

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹/rl¹ is a suppressor of abnormal neurophysiology | recessive phenotype of Atg1³

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

rl[+], rl¹, phl[+], Raf¹² is a suppressor | partially of decreased body size | pupal stage phenotype of Nf1^E2

(Walker et al., 2006)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, kermit^GS2053

(Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a non-suppressor of lethal phenotype of slpr^BS06

(Baril et al., 2009)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Cdk2³/Cdk2[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has axon | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Cdk2³/Cdk2[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Gp93^EY06213/Gp93[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has axon | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Gp93^EY06213/Gp93[+]

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Usp47^Δ1

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Usp47^Δ2

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by CG11266[+]/Caper^f07714

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by CG11266[+]/Caper^f07714

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by Prp19[+]/Prp19^CE162

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Prp19[+]/Prp19^CE162

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93

(Aron et al., 2010)

rl¹ has eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93

(Aron et al., 2010)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93

(Aron et al., 2010)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by mago¹/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has wing vein phenotype, enhanceable by mago¹/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by mago³/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has wing vein phenotype, enhanceable by mago³/mago[+]

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by msk[+]/msk²

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by msk[+]/msk⁵

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by msk¹/msk[+]

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl¹ has wing vein L3 phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl¹ has wing vein L5 phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl¹ has wing phenotype, enhanceable by Su(var)205²⁰⁵/Su(var)205[+]

(Lu et al., 2000)

rl^13R/rl¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by cnk^sag13L/sag[+]

(Zhang et al., 1999)

rl¹ has ocellus phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

rl¹ has adult head & microchaeta phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

rl¹ has wing phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

rl¹ has prothoracic leg phenotype, enhanceable by Egfr^t1

(Price et al., 1997)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by Galphaq[+]/Gαq¹

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ has axon | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by Galphaq[+]/Gαq¹

(Park et al., 2017)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has phenotype, suppressible by bs⁰³²⁶⁷

(Roch et al., 1998)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

rl¹ has phenotype, non-suppressible by su(Hw)²

(Lindsley and Grell, 1968)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype of Cdk2³

(Park et al., 2017)

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of axon | third instar larval stage phenotype of Cdk2³

(Park et al., 2017)

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype of Gp93^EY06213

(Park et al., 2017)

rl[+]/rl¹ is an enhancer of axon | third instar larval stage phenotype of Gp93^EY06213

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of Mkp3^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^sev.PU

(Kim et al., 2004)

rl¹ is an enhancer of eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage | decreased number phenotype of Mkp3^UAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4^sev.PU

(Kim et al., 2004)

rl¹ is an enhancer of wing phenotype of asp¹

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

rl¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of asp^DD3

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

rl¹ is an enhancer of wing phenotype of asp^DD3

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

rl¹ is an enhancer of eye phenotype of asp¹

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

rl¹ is an enhancer of phenotype of gro¹

(Price et al., 1997)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is a non-enhancer of wing hair phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, kermit^GS2053

(Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010)

rl¹ is a non-enhancer of phenotype of Doa⁷/Doa^HD

(Yun et al., 2000)

rl¹ is a non-enhancer of phenotype of Doa^HD/Doa^Dem

(Yun et al., 2000)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of axon | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of adult mushroom body beta-lobe phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of midline | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of axon | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of adult mushroom body beta-lobe phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of midline | adult stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2021)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of hemocyte | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2017)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of hemocyte | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Graf¹

(Kim et al., 2017)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Ras85D^V12.sev

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

rl¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Park et al., 2013)

rl¹ is a suppressor of photoreceptor phenotype of Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Park et al., 2013)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of photoreceptor cell R7 | adult stage phenotype of sl²

(Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of wing vein | ectopic phenotype of Egfr^E1

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹/rl¹ is a suppressor | partially of neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Atg1³

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of PDZ-GEF^EP388, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Lee et al., 2002)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of PDZ-GEF^EP388, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Lee et al., 2002)

rl[+]/rl¹ is a suppressor of eye photoreceptor cell | ectopic phenotype of PDZ-GEF^EP388, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Lee et al., 2002)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ is a suppressor of phenotype of tor^11D

(Brunner et al., 1994)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

rl[+]/rl¹ is a non-suppressor of wing hair phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, kermit^GS2053

(Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010)

rl¹/rl¹ is a non-suppressor of axon & motor neuron | larval stage phenotype of Atg1³

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

rl¹ is a non-suppressor of phenotype of Doa⁷/Doa^HD

(Yun et al., 2000)

rl¹ is a non-suppressor of phenotype of Doa^HD/Doa^Dem

(Yun et al., 2000)

Other

Statement

Reference

Egfr^f11, rl¹ has wing vein L4 phenotype

(Brunner et al., 1994)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The increased concentration of circulating hemocytes characteristic for Graf¹/Y mutant third instar larvae is partially suppressible by combination with a single copy of rl¹; combination with rl¹/rl¹⁰ reduces the hemocyte levels in Graf¹/Y larvae to below wild-type levels, comparable to those seen in rl¹/rl¹⁰ single mutants.

(Kim et al., 2017)

The increased frequency of aberrant type III axon innervation patterns in body-wall muscle 13 of third instar larvae single heterozygous for rl¹ is further enhanced by heterozygosity for either Cdk2³ or Gp93^EY06213 but not Gαq¹, each of these single heterozygotes on their own also display type III axon targeting defects.

(Park et al., 2017)

The rough eye phenotype characteristic for rl¹ mutant adults is exacerbated further by combination with either Usp47^Δ1 or Usp47^Δ2.

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2016)

CG11266^f07714/+ or Prp19^CE162/+ enhance the L4 wing vein deletion and rough eye phenotypes of rl¹ homozygotes.

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014)

One copy of rl¹ suppresses the enhanced lethality seen when flies expressing Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1 are treated with AD58.

One copy of rl¹ further suppresses the rescuing effect of AD57 on the lethality of flies expressing Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1.

One copy of rl¹ has no effect on the viability of flies expressing Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1 treated with AZD-6244.

One copy of rl¹ suppresses the wing pattern and ectopic wing vein phenotypes seen when Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^C-765.

One copy of rl¹ further suppresses the enhanced wing pattern and ectopic wing vein phenotypes seen when flies expressing Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^C-765 are treated with AD58.

One copy of rl¹ suppresses the rescuing effect of AD57 on the wing pattern and ectopic wing vein phenotypes seen when Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^C-765.

One copy of rl¹ has no effect on the rescuing effect of AD80 or AD81 on the lethality of flies expressing Ret^{MEN2B.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1.

(Dar et al., 2012)

One copy of rl¹ partially suppresses the percentage of sl² mutant ommatidia that contain extra R7 photoreceptors.

(Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011)

dj-1β^Δ93/dj-1β^Δ93 significantly enhances eye and L4 wing vein phenotypes in rl¹/rl¹ flies.

(Aron et al., 2010)

The extra wing vein phenotype seen in Egfr^E1/+ flies is dominantly suppressed by rl¹.

The loss of wing veins and rough eye phenotype seen in rl¹ homozygotes is dominantly enhanced by mago¹ and by mago³.

(Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2010)

rl¹/+ does not suppress the lethality of slpr^BS06/Y males.

(Baril et al., 2009)

The structural defects seen in the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) of Atg1³ homozygous larvae are almost completely suppressed by rl¹/rl¹ : synaptic density and apposition of pre and post synaptic components are restored and NMJ size is partially restored. Despite the fact that evoked excitatory junction potentials at larval NMJs are decreased in both rl¹ homozygous and Atg1³ homozygous larvae, this phenotype is not see in rl¹ Atg1³ double homozygotes.

The accumulation of synaptic material in the axons of of motor neurons in Atg1³ homozygous larvae is not suppressed by rl¹/rl¹.

(Wairkar et al., 2009)

The rough eye phenotype, irregular ommatidial array and increased photoreceptor cell number caused by expression of Gef26^EP388 under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF are strongly suppressed by rl¹/+.

(Lee et al., 2002)

Enhancing effect of msk¹ and msk² on the rl¹ phenotype is marked and that of msk⁵ is dramatic.

(Lorenzen et al., 2001)

The rate of eclosion of rl¹/Df(2R)PRF flies at 18^oC is nearly halved by the presence of Su(var)205²⁰⁵. The eye and wing defects of surviving adults are enhanced.

(Lu et al., 2000)

The eye phenotype of rl¹/rl^13R flies is dominantly enhanced by sag^13L.

(Zhang et al., 1999)

rl¹ recessively enhances the eye and wing defects associated with the asp¹/asp^DD3 mutant. The brain neuroblast mitotic index of double mutants with asp¹ is generally as for asp¹ mutants alone. The rl¹; asp¹ double mutant also displays an increase in the number of mitotic figures that show lagging chromatids at anaphase, and a low frequency of abnormal mitotic figures where the telomeric ends of chromosomes appear to remain in contact, forming daisy chains. The frequency of aneuploid and polyploid figures is significantly increased compared to asp¹ single mutants.

(Inoue and Glover, 1998)

Egfr^t1 enhances the bristle, ocellar, wing and limb phenotypes of homozygotes. Bristle hyperplasia, ocellus enlargement and ocellus fusion are enhanced. Wings are notched, wing margins are hairier and have ectopic vein material. Legs are fused and bifurcated.

(Price et al., 1997)

rl¹/rl¹⁰ suppresses the mutant phenotype of embryos derived from tor^11D mothers. Double mutants of rl¹ and Egfr^f11 show disruption of the longitudinal vein L4.

(Brunner et al., 1994)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

rl¹ partially suppresses the external eye phenotype and photoreceptor degeneration seen when Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF. The progressive impairment of motor performance and reduction in lifespan seen when Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^nrv2.PS are also partially rescued.

(Park et al., 2013)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Partially rescued by

rl¹ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/rl^UAS.cKa

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ is partially rescued by rl^UAS.cKa/Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PU

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ is partially rescued by rl^{MG.hs.Tag:HSV-1-gD}

(Kumar et al., 2003)

rl¹ is partially rescued by rl^{hs.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT),Tag:HSV-1-gD}

(Kumar et al., 2003)

rl¹ is partially rescued by rl^{NMG.hs.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT),Tag:HSV-1-gD}

(Kumar et al., 2003)

rl¹ is partially rescued by rl^{hs.Tag:HSV-1-gD}

(Kumar et al., 2003)

Comments

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-driven expression of rl^Scer\UAS.cKa efficiently rescues the ectopic targetting of type III axons to the abdominal body-wall muscle 13 but fails to rescue the premature defasciculation of axons bundles at the boundary between muscles 13 and 12 in rl¹ mutant third instar larvae. Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PU-controlled expression significantly improves both of these innervation defects.

(Park et al., 2017)

rl¹ lethal in combination with all lethal alleles except rl⁶, with which it is fully viable and exhibits a rl phenotype.

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (6)

Bloomington

386

rl¹

1051

lt¹ rl¹

1056