Allele Dmel\smo¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\smo¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0015764
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\smo
Also Known As	smo^IIG26, smo^IIG25

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class	cold sensitive loss of function allele
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	cold sensitive loss of function allele (Alcedo et al., 1996)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References point mutation 2L:279,103..279,103 reported_pr_change=C298Y comment=Also carries eight other nucleotide substitutions, all thought to be conservative changes or polymorphisms. evidence=experimental na_change=G279103A pr_change=C298Y\|smo-PA reported_na_change=G1518A (Alcedo et al., 2000)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: C298Y. Nucleotide substitution: G1518A. Also carries nucleotide substitutions: T226G, C593G (A96G), G815T, T1240C (N205N), C2197T (A504A), G3022A (S735N), C3686T (T956T), T4161A; all thought to be conservative changes or polymorphisms. (Alcedo et al., 2000)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal \| recessive \| segment polarity expression pattern \| cold sensitive (Alcedo et al., 1996)
Phenotype Manifest In
	embryonic/first instar larval cuticle \| cold sensitive (Alcedo et al., 1996) embryonic epidermis \| segment polarity expression pattern \| cold sensitive (Alcedo et al., 1996) wing (Rodriguez and Basler, 1997) wing \| anterior compartment (Blair and Ralston, 1997) wing disc \| anterior/posterior compartment boundary (Rodriguez and Basler, 1997) wing disc \| somatic clone (Wang and Holmgren, 2000) wing vein (Blair and Ralston, 1997) wing vein \| ectopic (Blair and Ralston, 1997)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Homozygous clones of anterior origin in the wing disc, if located along the anterior-posterior boundary, extend into the anatomically posterior territory. (Wang and Holmgren, 2000) Posterior clones of posterior origin in the wing show no defects in venation or wing morphology. Clones in the anterior compartment of the wing between veins L3 and L4 give rise to defects such as loss of veins or ectopic venation. Clones of anterior origin located near the A/P compartment boundary usually either cross the A/P boundary or displace it posteriorly. Anterior clone cells that are located in the posterior compartment retain anterior-like features and do not associate normally with posterior cells. (Blair and Ralston, 1997) Shows a weak dominant enhancing effect on B mutations. smo¹ ptc⁹ double homozygous embryos have a fused denticle belt phenotype, indicating that smo is epistatic to ptc. (Epps et al., 1997) Clones of cells mutant for smo redirect the A/P affinity boundary in the developing wing disc. They form a straight boundary when juxtaposed with sister smo⁺ or smo⁺/smo^- A cells, but a wiggly boundary with neighboring smo^-/smo⁺ cells in the P compartment. Similar results are seen in the adult wing. smo^- cells autonomously form anterior wing margin structures if they are derived from A cells, even when they are located in the domain normally occupied by P-compartment cells. (Rodriguez and Basler, 1997) Mutant embryos show a cold sensitive segment polarity phenotype. At 25^oC segmental defects are mild whereas at 18^oC embryos variably show a classic segment polarity cuticle phenotype. (Alcedo et al., 1996) cold-sensitive embryonic lethal. All denticles in abdominal segments point posteriorly. At 18^oC naked cuticle deleted and denticle belts of adjacent segments fused and locally arranged as mirror-image duplications.
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhancer of
Statement Reference smo¹ is an enhancer of head capsule phenotype of ptc^559.1/ptc^H84 (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference smo¹ is a suppressor \| partially \| somatic clone of eye disc \| somatic clone phenotype of E2f^rM729 (Ambrus et al., 2007)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference smo¹ is a non-suppressor of head capsule phenotype of Df(2R)Np3/babo^k07737 (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002) smo¹ is a non-suppressor of head capsule phenotype of ptc^hdl/ptc^H84 (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
Other
Statement Reference babo^k07737, ptc^H84, smo¹/smo[+] has head capsule phenotype (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002) babo^k07737, ptc^H84, smo¹ has head capsule phenotype (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002, Shyamala and Bhat, 2002) ptc^H84, smo¹ has head capsule phenotype (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002, Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The small size of E2f[rM729] clones in the eye disc is partially rescued if they are also mutant for smo[1]. (Ambrus et al., 2007) The addition of smo¹ to ptc^H84/ptc^559.1 animals produces an enhancement of the head capsule defect phenotype. 35% of animals exhibit the phenotype, compared to 4%. The addition of smo¹ to ptc^H84/ptc^hdl animals has no effect on the head capsule defect phenotype. All animals continue to show the phenotype. 2% of ptc^H84, smo¹/+ animals show a head capsule defect. 10% of ptc^H84, smo¹/+, babo^k07737 animals exhibit head capsule defects. The addition of smo¹ to babo^k07737/Df(2R)Np3 animals has no effect on head capsule defects. (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	smo¹/smo³ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/smo^{Scer\UAS.cHa.T:Hsap\MYC} (Hooper, 2003)
Not rescued by	smo¹/smo³ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/smo^{C.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Uuuu\Myr4} (Hooper, 2003) smo¹/smo³ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1/smo^{N.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Hooper, 2003)
Comments
Stocks ( 1 )
Kyoto	101417 CyO / smo¹ cn¹ bw¹ sp¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	ci^D is epistatic to smo¹. (Von Ohlen et al., 1997)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	smo¹ (Umetsu et al., 2006) smo^IIG16 (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002) smo^IIG25 (Hepker et al., 1999, Blair and Ralston, 1997) smo^IIG26 (Kwon et al., 2004, Nussbaumer et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Hays et al., 1999, van den Heuvel and Ingham, 1996, Ambrus et al., 2007) smo^IIG (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, )
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 19 )
Research paper	Ambrus et al., 2007, Mol. Cell. Biol. 27(24): 8561--8570 dE2F2-independent rescue of proliferation in cells lacking an activator dE2F1. [FBrf0203170] Umetsu et al., 2006, Development 133(5): 791--800 The highly ordered assembly of retinal axons and their synaptic partners is regulated by Hedgehog/Single-minded in the Drosophila visual system. [FBrf0190327] Kwon et al., 2004, Development 131(11): 2681--2692 Opposing inputs by Hedgehog and Brinker define a stripe of hairy expression in the Drosophila leg imaginal disc. [FBrf0179293] Fu and Baker, 2003, Development 130(21): 5229--5239 Deciphering synergistic and redundant roles of Hedgehog, Decapentaplegic and Delta that drive the wave of differentiation in Drosophila eye development. [FBrf0162087] Hooper, 2003, Development 130(17): 3951--3963 Smoothened translates Hedgehog levels into distinct responses. [FBrf0160613] Shyamala and Bhat, 2002, Development 129(8): 1839--1847 A positive role for Patched-Smoothened signaling in promoting cell proliferation during normal head development in Drosophila. [FBrf0146982] Alcedo et al., 2000, Mol. Cell 6(2): 457--465 Posttranscriptional regulation of smoothened is part of a self-correcting mechanism in the Hedgehog signaling system. [FBrf0129701] Methot and Basler, 2000, Development 127(18): 4001--4010 Suppressor of Fused opposes Hedgehog signal transduction by impeding nuclear accumulation of the activator form of Cubitus interruptus. [FBrf0132087] Nussbaumer et al., 2000, Mech. Dev. 96(1): 27--36 Expression of the blistered/DSRF gene is controlled by different morphogens during Drosophila trachea and wing development. [FBrf0129999] Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Development 127(14): 3131--3139 Nuclear import of Cubitus interruptus is regulated by Hedgehog via a mechanism distinct from Ci stabilization and Ci activation. [FBrf0128675] Hays et al., 1999, Development 126(13): 2891--2899 Patterning of Drosophila leg sensory organs through combinatorial signaling by hedgehog, decapentaplegic and wingless. [FBrf0108791] Hepker et al., 1999, Development 126(16): 3669--3677 Cubitus interruptus is necessary but not sufficient for direct activation of a wing-specific decapentaplegic enhancer. [FBrf0109903] Blair and Ralston, 1997, Development 124(20): 4053--4063 Smoothened-mediated Hedgehog signalling is required for the maintenance of the anterior-posterior lineage restriction in the developing wing of Drosophila. [FBrf0099125] Epps et al., 1997, Genetics 145(4): 1041--1052 oroshigane, a new segment polarity gene of Drosophila melanogaster, functions in hedgehog signal transduction. [FBrf0093093] Rodriguez and Basler, 1997, Nature 389(6651): 614--618 Control of compartmental affinity boundaries by Hedgehog. [FBrf0098881] Von Ohlen et al., 1997, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94(6): 2404--2409 Hedgehog signaling regulates transcription through cubitus interruptus, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein. [FBrf0093240] Alcedo et al., 1996, Cell 86(2): 221--232 The Drosophila smoothened gene encodes a seven-pass membrane protein, a putative receptor for the hedgehog signal. [FBrf0089582] van den Heuvel and Ingham, 1996, Nature 382(6591): 547--551 smoothened encodes a receptor-like serpentine protein required for hedgehog signalling. [FBrf0089881]
Stock list	Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, D. I. S. 66: 209--269 Tubingen mutants and stock list. [FBrf0045941]

Allele Dmel\smo1

Allele Dmel\smo¹