Allele Dmel\spn-E¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\spn-E¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0016041
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Associated gene	Dmel\spn-E

Allele class	hypomorph
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorph (Gillespie and Berg, 1995)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, Gillespie and Berg, 1995)
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Assay mode
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	male sterile (with spn-E^hls-Δ125) (Stapleton et al., 2001) male sterile \| partially (Tomari et al., 2004) fertile (with spn-E^hls-Δ125) (Stapleton et al., 2001) suppressor of variegation (Pal-Bhadra et al., 2004) meiotic cell cycle defective (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiotic cell cycle defective (with spn-E^hls-03987) (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiotic cell cycle defective (with spn-E²) (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiotic cell cycle defective (with spn-E^hls-Δ125) (Stapleton et al., 2001)
Phenotype Manifest In
	meiosis & nuclear chromosome (with spn-E^hls-Δ125) (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiosis & nuclear chromosome (with spn-E²) (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiosis & nuclear chromosome (with spn-E^hls-03987) (Stapleton et al., 2001) nuage (with spn-E^hls-03987) (Snee and Macdonald, 2004) synaptonemal complex (Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000) germline cyst (Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000) egg \| dorsal (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) oocyte (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) karyosome (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) meiosis & nuclear chromosome (Stapleton et al., 2001) meiosis & nuclear chromosome \| male (Stapleton et al., 2001) spermatocyte (Stapleton et al., 2001) dorsal appendage (Klattenhoff et al., 2007)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference maternal-effect lethal Egg shape affected; in extreme cases dorsal appendages are lacking and eggs have little or no dorsal-ventral polarity; some eggs have one fused dorsal appendage. Low fecundity; eggs often slightly collapsed. Heterozygotes with Df(3R)sbd105 (spn-E^-) exhibit mislocalised oocyte phenotype and degenerating egg chambers. (Gillespie and Berg, 1995) Hemizygous eggs exhibit either a strong or weak ventralised phenotype: eggs are longer than wild type and are completely symmetric along the DV axis or the eggs display fused dorsal appendages. Egg chambers of females exhibit a partially penetrant disruption in the positioning of the oocyte which can be located anywhere in the egg chamber. Almost all oocytes lack a karyosome and the oocyte chromosomes are arranged instead in thread-like figures with irregular shape. Double mutant stage 5-6 egg chambers with spn-A³ or mus301⁰⁹⁴ exhibit a two-oocyte phenotype: the second pro-oocyte develops as an oocyte rather than a nurse cell. The double mutants delay but do not block the decision between the two pro-oocytes as one of the two cells always becomes a nurse cell eventually. (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) In contrast to wild-type ovaries, where the synaptonemal complex (SC) is always restricted to the oocyte by region 2b, spn-E¹ mutant females show a significant delay in the process, with cysts with more than 1 cell in synapsis in region 3 of the germarium and one cell in synapsis in stage 2 of the vitellarium. (Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000) In the primary spermatocytes of mutant males, numerous phenotypes are seen including tripolar meiosis, fragmented chromatin, chromatin bridges, unequal daughter nuclei, incomplete chromatin separation and lagging chromosomes. No unpaired homologs nor prematurely dissociated sister chromatids are observed. A failure in release of cohesion causes abnormal segregation of chromosomes. Primary spermatocytes also have needle-shaped crystals. Homozygotes and trans-heterozygotes with spn-E², spn-E^hls-Δ125 and spn-E^hls-03987 show an increased rate of non-disjunction in all except the small 4th chromosome. There are also substantial biases in recovery of reciprocal sperm classes. Nullo-XY sperm are recovered in considerable excess over the reciprocal XY sperm class. Also a weaker bias in favour of normal X-bearing sperm is seen. spn-E^hls-Δ125/spn-E¹ males that have inherited the spn-E^hls-Δ125 from their mother and spn-E¹ from their father are sterile. Males from the reciprocal cross are fertile. (Stapleton et al., 2001) spn-E¹/spn-E² animals show the same survival rate after exposure to 0.08% methyl methanesulfonate as control animals. (Abdu et al., 2003) Suppressor of repeat-induced silencing, as seen at heterochromatic tandem arrays of insertions of the P{lacW} transposon. (Pal-Bhadra et al., 2004) 82% of progeny derived from homozygous males mated to wild-type females hatch. (Tomari et al., 2004) spn-E[2]/spn-E[1] larvae are not sensitive to MMS. (McCaffrey et al., 2006) Over half of spn-E[1] eggs show a fused dorsal appendage phenotype and 28% of eggs show no dorsal appendages at all. (Klattenhoff et al., 2007) Nuage particles are lost in spn-E[1]/spn-E[hls-03987] nurse cells and the perinuclear nuage is smoother than normal. (Snee and Macdonald, 2004)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference spn-E¹/spn-E^hls-Δ125 has spermatocyte phenotype, enhanceable by Ste^unspecified (Stapleton et al., 2001) spn-E¹ has oocyte phenotype, enhanceable by spn-D² (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference spn-E¹ has dorsal appendage phenotype, non-suppressible by mei-41^D3 (Klattenhoff et al., 2007)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference spn-E¹ is an enhancer of oocyte phenotype of spn-D² (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997)
Other
Statement Reference spn-A³, spn-E¹ has oocyte phenotype (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997, Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) mus301⁰⁹⁴, spn-E¹ has oocyte phenotype (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997, Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Double mutants with spn-D² increases the oocyte mispositioning frequency. (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997) spn-E¹/ spn-E^hls-Δ125 primary spermatocytes have star-shaped crystals in combination with Ste^unspecified. (Stapleton et al., 2001) The fused dorsal appendage phenotype of spn-E[1] eggs is not suppressed by mei-41[D3]. (Klattenhoff et al., 2007)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	3327 ru¹ st¹ spn-E¹ e¹ ca¹/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹
Kyoto	106980 Dp(1;Y)B^S; ru¹ st¹ spn-E¹ e¹ ca¹/TM3, Sb¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Strong mutation. (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997)
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 7 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	fs(3)hls^E616 hls^E616 (Pal-Bhadra et al., 2004, Stapleton et al., 2001, Gillespie and Berg, 1995, Grimaud et al., 2006) hlsE616 (Kavi and Birchler, 2007) spn-E¹ (Klattenhoff et al., 2007, Kalmykova et al., 2005, Usakin et al., 2007) spn-E⁶¹⁶ (Abdu et al., 2003, Findley et al., 2003, Kennerdell et al., 2002, Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1997, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, McCaffrey et al., 2006, Lim and Kai, 2007) spnE⁶¹⁶ (Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000) spnE^E616 (Snee and Macdonald, 2004)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBal0045709
References ( 23 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 23 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 21 ) Abstract ( 1 ) Stock list ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	Klattenhoff et al., 2007, Dev. Cell 12(1): 45--55 Drosophila rasiRNA pathway mutations disrupt embryonic axis specification through activation of an ATR/Chk2 DNA damage response. [FBrf0192439] Lim and Kai, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104(16): 6714--6719 Unique germ-line organelle, nuage, functions to repress selfish genetic elements in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0200142] Usakin et al., 2007, Genetics 176(2): 1343--1349 Transcription of the 1.688 satellite DNA family is under the control of RNA interference machinery in Drosophila melanogaster ovaries. [FBrf0201296] Grimaud et al., 2006, Cell 124(5): 957--971 RNAi components are required for nuclear clustering of Polycomb group response elements. [FBrf0189910] McCaffrey et al., 2006, Genetics 174(3): 1273--1285 Drosophila mus301/spindle-C encodes a helicase with an essential role in double-strand DNA break repair and meiotic progression. [FBrf0192058] Savitsky et al., 2006, Genes Dev. 20(3): 345--354 Telomere elongation is under the control of the RNAi-based mechanism in the Drosophila germline. [FBrf0190561] Show all research papers ...

Allele Dmel\spn-E1

Allele Dmel\spn-E¹