FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\tkv[8]

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713 third instar larvae have a significant decrease in total boutons (and satellite boutons) at the neuromuscular junction, compared to wild type. tkv⁸/+ third instar larvae have similar numbers of boutons to wild type.

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸ mutant neuroepithelial cells in optic lobe clones form small ectopic clusters close to the proximal inner proliferation center (p-IPC).

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)

Maternal effect tkv⁸ embryos (tkv⁸ mutant mothers crossed with wild-type fathers) appear to develop normally, as the primordial germ cells migrate to and coalesce properly with the somatic germ cell precursors to form an embryonic gonad. The spectrosomes in approximately half of these flies resemble wild-type, with a characteristic spherical shape. The remaining primordial germ cells display spectrosomes that are either bifurcated or have an irregular morphology.

(Deshpande et al., 2014)

Eight days after induction of intestinal stem cell (ISC) clones, the number of cells in tkv⁸ mutant clones is significantly higher than in wild-type clones. After injury by feeding bleomycin, mutant clones have more cells than both wild-type clones and mutant clones before injury.

Wild-type clones contain one stem cell, whereas approximately tkv⁸ mutant clones show a gradual increase in ISC number over time.

One-stem-cell tkv⁸ mutant clones contain more stem cells than wild-type clones, indicating that mutant ISCs divide more often than wild-type ones.

(Guo et al., 2013)

Clones of tkv⁸-mutant cells cause premature differentiation of the adult midgut precursor cells into large, polyploid, enterocyte-like cells compared with wild-type cells.

(Mathur et al., 2010)

Clones of tkv⁸ homozygous cells in the pupal retina have defects in the apical profiles and packing of secondary pigment cells relative to tertiary pigment cells. Single, isolated tkv⁴ homozygous secondary pigment cells in the pupal retina have a restricted apical profile compared to neighbouring wild-type inter-ommatidial cells which expand apically to fill the unoccuppied space.

(Cordero et al., 2007)

tkv⁸ mutant embryos show a delay in dorsal closure and rapture of the dorsal epidermis-peripheral amnioserosa interface, along with discontinuation of F-actin accumulation in the leading edge. The mutants also exhibit rupture of the amino serosa-dorsal epidermis interface.

In tkv⁸ mutants the F-actin cable is absent in the peripheral amnioserosa, suggesting that specification is incomplete. Time-lapse recording reveals that the progression and removal of the peripheral amnioserosa is delayed.

(Wada et al., 2007)

Somatic clones of tkv⁸ homozygous cells in the late third instar eye disc are much smaller than wild-type twin spots. However, many of the cells in these clones go on to express neuronal differentiation markers. Mutant cells enter the S phase in the second mitotic wave, but the G2/M transition of this mitosis is disrupted.

(Vrailas and Moses, 2006)

When neutral marked clones are induced in the ovary, the proportion of germaria carrying marked somatic stem cells 3 weeks after clone induction is around 70% of that seen one week after clone induction. For tkv⁸ homozygous clones, the equivalent figure is around 25%. However, the number of resulting clones in the ovarian follicle cells is only slightly reduced compared to controls and these clones have no fewer cells than their twin-spots.

(Kirilly et al., 2005)

Clones of male tkv⁸ homozygous germline stem cells are still present in only 1.3X% of testes one week after clone induction and none are present two weeks after clone induction. This is in contrast to wild-type control clones, which are present in 82% of testes one week after clone induction and 64% two weeks after clone induction.

(Kawase et al., 2004)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ animals show a significant reduction in neuromuscular junction (NMJ) size compared to wild type; the number of synaptic boutons/muscle surface area at muscle 6/7 is 71.6 +/- 1.9% of wild type. The evoked excitatory junctional potential (EJP) (measured at muscle 6 of segment A3) shows a decrease in amplitude in tkv¹/tkv⁸ animals compared to wild type. Quantal content is reduced compared to wild type.

(McCabe et al., 2004)

R8 photoreceptor differentiation is normal in somatic clones of tkv⁸ mutant cells.

(Fu and Baker, 2003)

Only 2.5% of ovarioles carry mutant tkv⁸ germline stem cell (GSC) clones, compared to 11.2% of ovarioles carrying wild-type GSC clones, and many tkv⁸ GSCs are lost before adulthood.

(Zhu and Xie, 2003)

Homozygous clones in the adult abdomen do not show any effect on polarity.

(Lawrence et al., 2002)

Mutant embryos have a "dorsal open" cuticle phenotype.

(Torres-Vazquez et al., 2001)

Wing discs are lost completely and the number of proximal leg disc cells is reduced in mutant embryos. The leg phenotype is sometimes variable.

(Kubota et al., 2000)

The dorsal branches of the tracheal system do not develop in homozygous embryos, and the more ventral branches are absent or severely affected. Some tracheal cells invaginate in stage 12 embryos but others remain in an intermediate position between the epidermis and the branches that are formed.

(Llimargas and Casanova, 1999)

Homozygous embryos show a dorsal-open phenotype, with severe head defects and large holes in the dorsal cuticle.

(Simin et al., 1998)

Clonal analysis in the germarium reveals that mutant stem cells are lost more rapidly than wild type, though there is no effect on the formation of 16 cell cysts or their subsequent development. Stem cell half life is 0.69 weeks (wild type being 4.6 weeks). Stem cell division rate relative to control is 0.29.

(Xie and Spradling, 1998)

Tracheal tree defects consisting mainly of a failure to develop some particular branches in the dorsoventral axis. Other tracheal branches form in the anteroposterior axis, though they display an occasional gap.

(Llimargas and Casanova, 1997)

Embryos exhibit a partial dorsal closure phenotype, leading edge cells are extremely elongated but adjacent more ventral epithelial cells fail to stretch. Most dorsal cuticle is turned inwards and the mouth hooks are retained inside the embryo.

(Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997)

Dorsal branches of the tracheal system are lacking and ganglion branches and the lateral trunk are severely affected.

(Vincent et al., 1997)

Mutant embryos show absence of the dorsal branch and lateral trunks. The visceral branch forms normally.

(Wappner et al., 1997)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ flies have variable thickening of the wing veins, particularly in regions close to the cross veins and at the distal ends of all longitudinal veins.

(de Celis, 1997)

Small homozygous clones are observed in the adult eye; photoreceptor differentiation occurs relatively normally, 25% ommatidia are missing one or more photoreceptor cell and the normal precise hexagonal array of the ommatidia is disrupted in the clone and surrounding wild type tissue. Eye is significantly reduced in size or completely missing and the surrounding head cuticle is missing (loss of head cuticle is not caused by put clones).

(Burke and Basler, 1996)

Dorsal clones induced in second instar larvae in the tarsus convert dorsal cells to ventral or ventrolateral cell fates. Clones often produce outgrowths that include normal neighbours, some of which have been respecified to ventral fates. Ventral clones induced in second instar larvae in the tarsus produce excessive ventral-most structures (peg-like bristles). Tarsal clones cause polarity disruptions in neighbouring normal cells.

(Theisen et al., 1996)

Thickened vein mutant.

(Sturtevant and Bier, 1995)

Embryos show a dorsal hole. Parts of the dorsal hypoderm in the trunk region are missing. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton is severely disrupted or absent and its remains are forced out of the body cavity. Embryos fail to form the second midgut constriction, and later the gastric caeca are missing. Visceral mesoderm of parasegment 7 is absent. Tracheal system shows a complete absence of dorsally directed trachea, ganglionic branches and lateral trunk. The remaining tracheal lumen is only established in a rudimentary fashion.

(Affolter et al., 1994)

Homozygotes display dorsally open cuticle, severe defective head and contracted epidermis giving the cuticle a rounded appearance. Lethal when heterozygous with tkv⁶. Female transheterozygotes with tkv¹ are viable and display a wing phenotype, wing veins are very thick and short along the proximal distal axis, transheterozygotes with Df(2L)tkv3 display extremely thickened wing veins. Adult Df(2L)tkv3/tkv⁸ females are very weak, possess atrophic ovaries and do not lay eggs in the few days they survive beyond eclosion.

(Terracol and Lengyel, 1994)

Nondefective in gonad assembly.

(Warrior, 1994)

homozygous lethal

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸ has lethal | recessive phenotype, non-enhanceable by lilli^unspecified

(Su et al., 2001)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713 has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is an enhancer of increased cell number | pupal stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, pyd^RNAi.3.UAS

(Seppa et al., 2008)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸ is a suppressor | partially of increased size | larval stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^hh-Gal4, hh^UAS.cIa

(Gore et al., 2021)

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713 is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype of Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype of Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage phenotype of Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of visible | recessive phenotype of magu²

(Vuilleumier et al., 2010)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^A9, gbb^UAS.cKa

(Bangi and Wharton, 2006)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^A9, dpp^UAS.cHa

(Bangi and Wharton, 2006)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of sog^EP11

(Araujo et al., 2003)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of visible | dominant phenotype of sog^EP7

(Araujo et al., 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

myd[+]/myd^3PM71, tkv⁸ has abnormal flight phenotype

(Sidisky et al., 2021)

smo³, tkv⁸ has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone phenotype

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

smo³, tkv⁸ has decreased occurrence of cell division | somatic clone | larval stage phenotype

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

tkv⁸, wit^HA3/wit[+] has abnormal neuroanatomy | dominant phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

tkv⁸/tkv[+], wit^HA3 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

Chc¹, tkv⁸/tkv[+] has visible | dominant phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Chc[+]/Chc¹, tkv⁸ has visible | dominant | heat sensitive phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸ has interommatidial cell | pupal stage P7 | ectopic phenotype, enhanceable by shg[+]/shg^R69

(Cordero et al., 2007)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ has wing vein phenotype, enhanceable by N^nd-3

(de Celis, 1997)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸ has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | dorsal phenotype, suppressible by brk^XH

(Torres-Vazquez et al., 2001)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ has phenotype, suppressible by dpp^s4/dpp^s8

(de Celis, 1997)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ has wing vein phenotype, suppressible by rho^ve-1

(de Celis, 1997)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ has wing vein phenotype, suppressible by N^Ax-1

(de Celis, 1997)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713 has NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is an enhancer of posterior crossvein | ectopic phenotype of nord^Δ1728

(Akiyama et al., 2022)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is an enhancer of interommatidial precursor cell | pupal stage | increased number phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, pyd^RNAi.3.UAS

(Seppa et al., 2008)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is an enhancer of interommatidial cell | pupal stage P7 | ectopic phenotype of shg^R69

(Cordero et al., 2007)

tkv⁸ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R8 & eye disc | somatic clone phenotype of smo³

(Fu and Baker, 2003)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ is an enhancer of wing vein phenotype of dpp^s4/dpp^s8

(de Celis, 1997)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ is an enhancer of wing vein phenotype of rho^hs.PSt

(de Celis, 1997)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ is an enhancer of wing vein | ectopic phenotype of Ras64B^Act5C.PC

(de Celis, 1997)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

tkv⁸ is a suppressor | partially of wing disc anterior compartment | larval stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4^hh-Gal4, hh^UAS.cIa

(Gore et al., 2021)

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713 is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Ube3a³⁵

(Li et al., 2016)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of wing vein L5 phenotype of magu²

(Vuilleumier et al., 2010)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of wing vein phenotype of Scer\GAL4^A9, gbb^UAS.cKa

(Bangi and Wharton, 2006)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4^A9, dpp^UAS.cHa

(Bangi and Wharton, 2006)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of wing vein phenotype of sog^EP11

(Araujo et al., 2003)

tkv⁸/tkv[+] is a suppressor of wing vein phenotype of sog^EP7

(Araujo et al., 2003)

tkv⁸ is a suppressor of ventral ectoderm phenotype of brk^XH

(Torres-Vazquez et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

smo³, tkv⁸ has eye disc | somatic clone phenotype

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

tkv⁸, wit^HA3/wit[+] has bouton phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

tkv⁸, wit^HA3/wit[+] has neuromuscular junction phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

tkv⁸, wit^HA3 has bouton phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

tkv⁸, wit^HA3 has neuromuscular junction phenotype

(McCabe et al., 2004)

brk^XH, tkv⁸ has filzkorper phenotype

(Torres-Vazquez et al., 2001)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, tkv⁸, wg^UAS.cLa has larval tracheal system phenotype

(Llimargas, 2000)

Scer\GAL4^btl.PS, tkv⁸, wg^UAS.cLa has embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk phenotype

(Llimargas, 2000)

arm², tkv⁸ has larval tracheal system phenotype

(Llimargas, 2000)

Chc¹, tkv⁸/tkv[+] has wing phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Chc[+]/Chc¹, tkv⁸ has wing phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Chc[+]/Chc¹, tkv⁸ has wing vein phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Chc¹, tkv⁸/tkv[+] has wing vein phenotype

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

smo³, tkv⁸ has photoreceptor neuron phenotype

(Greenwood and Struhl, 1999)

put¹³⁵, tkv⁸ has tracheal pit phenotype

(Wappner et al., 1997)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

myd^3PM71/+, tkv⁸/+ double heterozygotes show a decrease in flight ability.

(Sidisky et al., 2021)

tkv⁸/tkv^k16713;Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵ third instar larvae have a significant decrease in total boutons (and satellite boutons) at the neuromuscular junction, compared to wild type (similar to tkv⁸/tkv^k16713, suppressing the increase seen in Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵ mutants). tkv⁸/+ suppresses the increase in total boutons (and satellite boutons) at the neuromuscular junction in Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵ third instar larvae. tkv⁸/+ suppresses reduced EJP amplitudes under intense stimulation and endocytosis defects in Ube3a³⁵/Ube3a³⁵ mutants.

(Li et al., 2016)

Heterozygous tkv⁸ suppresses the adult wing patterning defects of homozygous magu² mutants.

(Vuilleumier et al., 2010)

One copy of tkv⁸ strongly enhances the increase in inter-ommatidial precursor cell number seen when pyd^{3.dsRNA.Scer\UAS} is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF.

(Seppa et al., 2008)

tkv⁸/+ almost completely suppresses the abberant arrangement of inter-ommatidial cells seen in the pupal and adult retinas of In(1)rst³/Y animals.

The retinas of tkv⁸/+ or shg^R69/+ animals at 42 hours APF have only very occasional inter-ommatidial patterning defects (the occasional extra or misplaced cell). This phenotype is dramatically enhanced in tkv⁸/shg^R69 transheterozygotes.

(Cordero et al., 2007)

Marker analysis shows that some photoreceptor differentiation begins in some fraction of the cells in smo³ tkv⁸ double homozygous cones in the late third instar eye disc.

(Vrailas and Moses, 2006)

In smo³, tkv⁸ double mutant eye disc clones, BrdU incorporation, a marker of S phase, is abolished in the second mitotic wave.

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

The number of synaptic boutons/muscle surface area at muscle 6/7 in tkv⁸/wit^HA3 double heterozygotes is 88.8 +/- 2.4 % of wild type.

(McCabe et al., 2004)

R8 photoreceptor differentiation fails in tkv⁸; smo³ double mutant clones, whereas it is only delayed in smo³ single mutant clones.

(Fu and Baker, 2003)

Ommatidial clusters situated posterior to smo³; tkv⁸ double mutant clones differentiate properly, but over-rotate at a much higher frequency than those situated in other regions of the same eye disc, with many of them reaching 110^o-120^o.

(Chou and Chien, 2002)

The tkv⁸ "dorsal open" cuticle phenotype is rescued in brk^XH ; tkv⁸ double mutant embryos. These double mutant larvae differentiate a contiguous dorsal epidermis, but the Filzkorper are reduced and are more ventralised than brk^XH single mutant embryos.

(Torres-Vazquez et al., 2001)

The disc phenotype of tkv⁸ Egfr^f6 and tkv⁸ ; rho⁶ double mutant embryos is a simple addition of each single mutant phenotype, in which wing discs are lost completely and leg discs are severely reduced.

(Kubota et al., 2000)

When wg^Scer\UAS.cLa is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4^btl.PS in a tkv⁸ background a huge dorsal trunk is formed and no other tracheal branches are usually formed. The formation of all tracheal branches except the transverse connective and visceral branch is impaired in arm² ; tkv⁸ double mutants.

(Llimargas, 2000)

At 25^oC, Chc¹/+, tkv⁸/+ double heterozygotes show thickened veins and wing reduction phenotypes. At 29^oC only wing remnants develop.

(Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999)

Cells in tkv⁸ smo³ double mutant clones in the eye disc cannot differentiate as photoreceptors.

(Greenwood and Struhl, 1999)

tkv⁸ put¹³⁵ double mutants exhibit cells that remain in the original position in the tracheal pit and do not migrate.

(Wappner et al., 1997)

The dpp shortvein phenotype is strongly enhanced, and the tkv phenotype is suppressed, in dpp^s4 tkv¹/dpp^s8 tkv⁸ double mutant flies. rho^ve-1 suppresses the differentiation of thicker veins seen in tkv¹/tkv⁸ flies. The differentiation of thicker veins seen in rho^hs.PSt flies is strongly increased in combination with tkv¹/tkv⁸. The ectopic vein phenotype of Ras64B^Act5C.PC flies is increased in combination with tkv¹/tkv⁸. tkv¹/tkv⁸ N^Ax-1 double mutant flies show pronounced wing vein loss. The thickening of veins seen in tkv¹/tkv⁸ flies is strongly enhanced in combination with N^nd-3 and is suppressed in combination with N^Ax-1.

(de Celis, 1997)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

tkv⁸/tkv⁵ is rescued by tkv^UAS.YFP/Scer\GAL4^arm.PS

(Smith et al., 2012)

tkv⁸ is rescued by tkv^{TIPF.Ubi-p63E}

(Michel et al., 2011)

tkv¹/tkv⁸ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu/tkv^UAS.Tag:HA

(McCabe et al., 2004)

tkv⁰⁴⁴¹⁵/tkv⁸ is rescued by tkv^hs.PR

(Jiang and Struhl, 1996)

tkv⁸/tkv⁷ is rescued by tkv^Ubi-p63E.PB

(Brummel et al., 1994)

Comments

tkv¹/tkv⁸ flies are viable.

(de Celis, 1997)

Lethality of tkv⁰⁴⁴¹⁵/tkv⁸ can be rescued by tkv^hs.PR.

(Jiang and Struhl, 1996)

tkv^Ubi-p63E.PB rescues the inviable mutant phenotype of tkv⁷/tkv⁸.

(Brummel et al., 1994)

Allelism with tkv indicated by location, failure to complement lethal and viable tkv alleles and thick vein and abnormal thorax phenotype over Tp(2;3)tkv (Szidonya and Reuter, 1988).

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

Bloomington

98353

y¹ w^*; tkv⁸ P{neoFRT}40A/CyO

34509

tkv⁸ cn¹ bw¹ speck¹/CyO, P{sevRas1.V12}FK1

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Nusslein-Volhard.

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Tkv -

(Mathur et al., 2010)

Tkv⁸

(Sidisky et al., 2021)

Tkv^strlII

(Zhou et al., 2015)

str^IIB09

(Warrior, 1994)

str^IIB

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

tkv^-

(Weiss et al., 2010, Lawrence et al., 2002)

tkv^IIB09

(Theisen et al., 1996, Sturtevant and Bier, 1995)

tkv^IIB

(de Celis, 1997, Terracol and Lengyel, 1994)

tkv^IIst

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

tkv^stII

(Baonza and Freeman, 2005)

tkv^str-II

(Singh et al., 2006, Vincent et al., 1997, Wappner et al., 1997, Ruberte et al., 1995, Affolter et al., 1994, Nellen et al., 1994)

tkv^strII

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015, Charbonnier et al., 2015, Vuilleumier et al., 2010, Fu and Baker, 2003, Chou and Chien, 2002, Johannes and Preiss, 2002, Dorfman and Shilo, 2001, Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jackle, 1999, Greenwood and Struhl, 1999, Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997, Riesgo-Escovar and Hafen, 1997, Burke and Basler, 1996, Jiang and Struhl, 1996)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (86)

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