Allele Dmel\w^a

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\w^a	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	apricot	FlyBase ID	FBal0018195
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-05-14/2006-05-14
Associated gene	Dmel\w

Allele class	hypomorph
Mutagen	spontaneous
Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorph (Rabinow et al., 1991, Roseman et al., 1995, Frolov et al., 1998, Lloyd et al., 2002)
Mutagen	spontaneous (Zachar and Bingham, 1982, Carbonare and Gehring, 1985)
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name M11240 M35053

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference copia insertion at coordinate 0, using coordinate system of FBrf0038648 where coordinate 0 is the copia insert of w^a. (Zachar and Bingham, 1982) Insertion of copia element. (Goldberg et al., 1983, Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989, Harden and Ashburner, 1990) The w^a allele of the white locus has been cloned by retrieving previously cloned segments carrying a copy of the transposable element copia together with contiguous sequences (Bingham, Levis and Rubin, 1981; Gehring and Paro, 1980). Bingham and Judd (1981) have shown that copia homology is tightly linked to the site of w^a, copia being located at coordinate 0.0 on the physical map of the white locus (Levis, Bingham and Rubin, 1982; Levis, O'Hare and Rubin, 1984) and inserted in the small second intron (Pirrotta and Brockl, 1984). The size of the copia insertion is 5 kb. A small amount of the normal 2.6 kb white transcript is also found in w^a mutants. su(w^a), which darkens the eyes of w^a flies, results in a higher level of the 2.6 kb transcript, while su(f), which decreases the amount of pigment, results in a lower level of this transcript. Partial revertants of w^a have been sequenced and found to retain one LTR of copia (Carbonare and Gehring, 1985; Mount et al., 1988; Zachar, Davison, Garza and Bingham, 1985b). 5.0 kb copia insertion map site (kb): 0 (by definition) (Levis et al., 1984) Insertion of a copia element within the small intron. (Zachar et al., 1985) copia insertion within the small intron of the w gene. (Carbonare and Gehring, 1985) Insertion of copia element into the second intron. (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) copia insertion in second chromosome. (Birchler and Hiebert, 1989) Insertion of copia element into an intron of w. (Engels et al., 1990) copia insertion into an intron. (Peng and Mount, 1990) Insertion of a copia element. (Lovering et al., 1991) Parallel copia-element insertion in second intron. (Rabinow et al., 1991) copia insertion into the second intervening sequence. (Birchler, 1992) 5.2kb parallel copia insertion into the second intron. (Hiebert and Birchler, 1992) Insertion of a copia element in the second intron, in parallel orientation. (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) Insertion of a copia element into the second intron. (Rabinow et al., 1993, Bhadra et al., 1997) Insertion of a 5.0 kb copia-element at map position 0.0 relative to the transcription start site of w. (Collins et al., 1983) 7.2kb 3S18 insert within the w locus. (Lim and Simmons, 1994) Antiparallel blood insertion into intron 2. (Csink et al., 1994) copia insertion in the second intron. (Peng and Mount, 1995) copia insertion into intron 2. (Roseman et al., 1995, Bhadra and Birchler, 1996, Larsson et al., 1996)
Assay mode
Caused by insertion	copia{}w^a (Rabinow et al., 1993, Collins et al., 1983, Sabl and Birchler, 1993, Lim and Simmons, 1994, Flavell, 1999, Benevolenskaya et al., 2000, Bhadra et al., 1999, Zachar et al., 1985, Engels et al., 1990, Brierley and Flavell, 1990, Hiebert and Birchler, 1992, Birchler, 1992, Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989, Rabinow et al., 1991, Gehring et al., 1984, Goldberg et al., 1983, Kurkulos et al., 1991, Lovering et al., 1991, Harden and Ashburner, 1990, Peng and Mount, 1990, Rabinow and Birchler, 1989, Carbonare and Gehring, 1985, Larsson et al., 1996, Peng and Mount, 1995, Bhadra and Birchler, 1996, Pal Bhadra et al., 1998, Lankenau, 1995, Roseman et al., 1995, Bhadra et al., 1997, Bhadra et al., 1997, Frolov et al., 1998, Zachar and Bingham, 1982)
Carried on aberration	FM7c-vHa (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-FTG (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-actLacZ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-vKa (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-10 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-34 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) M9 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.5.16) FM7a (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Merriam, 1968, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) M6-ML (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.5.16) FM7a-m73 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7g-N^nd-0 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7a-B⁺ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) Bascy (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.5.16) FM7g-ct^ns (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM1-lz⁺ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-ct^S (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7a-nod⁴ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM1 (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.5.16) FM7i-pAct-GFP (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Reichhart and Ferrandon, 1998.6.8, Reichhart and Ferrandon, 1998) FM7c (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) Basc (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.5.16) FM1-B⁺l (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-sn⁺ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7c-B⁺ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7-l(1)TW24¹ (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) C(1;YS)4 asc (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) FM7b (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7a-l (FlyBase Curators, 2006-) FM7g (FlyBase Curators, 2006-, Heitzler, 1997)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	visible \| recessive eye color defective (Frolov et al., 2000, Gelbart, 1971, Peng and Mount, 1995, Benevolenskaya et al., 2000, Bhadra et al., 1997, Lloyd et al., 2002, Birchler et al., 1989) eye color defective \| recessive (Pastink et al., 1987, Frolov et al., 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
	pigment cell (Pastink et al., 1987, Montell et al., 1992, Gelbart, 1971, Peng and Mount, 1995, Rabinow and Birchler, 1989, Benevolenskaya et al., 2000, Zachar and Bingham, 1982, Frolov et al., 1998, Benevolenskaya et al., 1998, Lloyd et al., 2002, Birchler et al., 1989) ocellus (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) testis (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) Malpighian tubule (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989, ) pigment cell & adult (Engels et al., 1990)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Eye colour: yellowish with orange tone in males; lighter and somewhat yellower in females. Eye colour: mottled, with mw¹. Eye colour: nearly white with rb¹. Eye colour: nearly white with g¹. Malpighian tubule colour: colourless. Eye colour: mottled, with mw¹. The amount of pigment formed by w^a is a function of gene dose: w^a/- female < w^a/Y male = w^a/w^a female < w^a/w^a/w^a female < w^a/w^a male. (Muller, 1932) A w^a optic disk transplanted into a wild-type host shows autonomous eye color development. (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936) Eye colour: orange-brown. (Zachar and Bingham, 1982) Eye colour: slightly darker than w^a in the triple mutant su(w^a) w^a su(f)¹. (Levis et al., 1984) Eye colour: w^sp1/w^a flies have brown eyes at eclosion, which become somewhat darker with age. (Pastink et al., 1987) Enhanced by duplications of Doa⁺. (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) Strong response to E(w^a). (Birchler and Hiebert, 1989) Eye colour: orange. (Engels et al., 1990) Eye colour: orange. (Montell et al., 1992) Homozygous males are darker than homozygous females. Triple X metafemale individuals homozygous for w^a exhibit dosage compensation of pigment levels. (Birchler, 1992) Eye colour: yellow-orange. w^a is slightly dosage overcompensated in males conferring slightly more eye pigment. (Hiebert and Birchler, 1992) mle⁴ has very little effect on the dosage compensation of w^a: homozygous males have slightly darker eyes than their heterozygous brothers. (Hiebert and Birchler, 1994) Modified by z mutations. (Georgiev, 1994) Shows slight hyper dosage compensation. (Qian and Pirrotta, 1995) Eye colour: white in w^a w^ch. Eye colour: white in w^bf w^a. Eye colour: like w^a in w^Bwx w^a. (Lindsley and Grell, 1968) Homozygotes have dull orange eyes with only 3% red pigment (compared to 100% pigment in wild type). (Lloyd et al., 2002)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference w^a has eye color defective phenotype, enhanceable by Kr-h1⁰⁵²⁰⁸ (Benevolenskaya et al., 2000) w^a has eye color defective phenotype, enhanceable by Kr-h1¹⁰⁶⁴² (Benevolenskaya et al., 2000) w^a has eye color defective phenotype, enhanceable by mw¹ (Muller, 1946, Gelbart, 1971) w^a has eye color defective phenotype, enhanceable by mw^2a (Birchler et al., 1989)
NOT Enhanced by
Statement Reference w^a has eye color defective phenotype, non-enhanceable by Nacα^hs.PF (Frolov et al., 2000)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference w^a has eye color defective \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by Low¹ (Bhadra et al., 1997) w^a has eye color defective \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by Rga[+]/Rga⁰³⁸³⁴ (Frolov et al., 1998) w^a has eye color defective phenotype, suppressible by Df(2R)vg135/+ (Frolov et al., 2000) w^a has eye color defective phenotype, suppressible by ox[+]/ox¹ (Frolov et al., 2000)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference w^a has eye color defective phenotype, non-suppressible by Nacα^hs.PF (Frolov et al., 2000)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of eye color defective phenotype of g^53d (Lloyd et al., 2002) w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of eye color defective phenotype of g² (Lloyd et al., 2002) w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of eye color defective phenotype of g^50e (Lloyd et al., 2002)
Other
Statement Reference su(f)⁴, w^a has eye color defective phenotype (Schalet, 1972) su(f)⁴/su(f)¹, w^a has eye color defective phenotype (Schalet, 1972) Low¹, w^a, z¹ has eye color defective phenotype (Bhadra et al., 1997) rb^66a, w^a has eye color defective phenotype (Becker, 1968, Becker, 1968) v¹, w^a has eye color defective \| dominant phenotype (Braver, 1953)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by B52^ED (Peng and Mount, 1995, Mount and Peng, 1994, Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by Kr-h1⁰⁵²⁰⁸ (Benevolenskaya et al., 2000) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by Kr-h1¹⁰⁶⁴² (Benevolenskaya et al., 2000) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by mw¹ (Muller, 1946, Gelbart, 1971) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by su(f)⁴ (Fitch et al., 1992) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by su(f)¹ (Lindsley and Grell, 1968, Fitch et al., 1992) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)L52+Ts(YLt;2Lt)R15 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Lt)B110+Ts(YSt;2Rt)R15 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)G10+Ts(YLt;2Lt)R155 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)A24+Ts(YLt;2Lt)B107 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Rt)B107+Ts(YLt;2Lt)L110 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Lt)R14+Ts(YSt;2Rt)L110 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Rt)L107+Ts(YSt;2Lt)P59 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;3Rt)B141+Ts(YSt;3Lt)G122 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Lt)A31+Ts(YLt;3Rt)G122 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;3Rt)L131+Ts(YSt;3Lt)R153 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Lt)B116+Ts(YLt;3Rt)G48 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YSt;3Rt)G73+Ts(YSt;3Lt)R128 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Rt)R128 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by mw^3P (Birchler et al., 1989) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by mw^2a (Birchler et al., 1989) sgl⁰⁵⁰⁰⁷, w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by hh² (Benevolenskaya et al., 1998) sgl⁰⁵⁰⁰⁷, w^a has pigment cell phenotype, enhanceable by hh^AC (Benevolenskaya et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^D (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^Dem (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^E (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^F (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^H (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Rm62^K (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Mow^EMS (Pal Bhadra et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Ufo¹ (Pal Bhadra et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Wow^γb (Pal Bhadra et al., 1998, Birchler et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Wow^γe (Birchler et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Wow^ems1 (Birchler et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Wow^hd1 (Birchler et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)¹ w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)706^E706 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)709^E709 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)736^E736 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)757^E757 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)761^E761 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by E(w^a)818^E818 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by Mow^gamma (Bhadra and Birchler, 1996) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by su(f)⁸ (Fitch et al., 1992) w^a has phenotype, enhanceable by su(f)¹² (Fitch et al., 1992)
NOT Enhanced by
Statement Reference w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Kr-h1^05208rev (Benevolenskaya et al., 2000) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by mod(mdg4)^ul (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Lt)G120 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Rt)G146+Ts(2Lt;4Lt)J96+Ts(YSt;4Rt)J96 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Lt)H52+Ts(YLt;2Rt)J96 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)B110+Ts(YSt;2Lt)D20 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)D20+Ts(YSt;2Lt)G10 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Lt)L23+Ts(YSt;2Rt)R155 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Lt)A24+Ts(YLt;2Rt)L23 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Lt)H149+Ts(YSt;2Rt)R14 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Dp(2;Y)J64 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;2Rt)B202 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Lt)B141 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(Y;3Rt)J1+Ts(YSt;3Lt)L132 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;2Rt)H52+Ts(YSt;2Lt)L52 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(Y;3Lt)J1+Ts(YSt;3Rt)J162 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YSt;3Lt)B93+Ts(YSt;3Rt)B116 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Rt)B93+Ts(YLt;3Lt)D100 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ts(YLt;3Rt)B93+Ts(YLt;3Lt)G73 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference w^a has pigment cell phenotype, suppressible by Low¹ (Bhadra et al., 1997) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Low¹ (Pal Bhadra et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by In(3)Msu¹ (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by In(3)Msu² (Csink et al., 1994) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^01705b (Rabinow, 1995.5.24) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, suppressible by RpLP0⁰¹⁵⁴⁴ (Frolov and Birchler, 1998) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Rt)H149+Ts(YLt;2Lt)L107 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Ts(YSt;3Rt)A31+Ts(YSt;3Lt)D228 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Ts(YSt;3Lt)G48+Ts(YSt;3Rt)R36 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Su(w^a4)^M1 (Khatpova and Gerasimova, 1992) sgl⁰⁵⁰⁰⁷, w^a has pigment cell phenotype, suppressible by wg¹ (Benevolenskaya et al., 1998) sgl⁰⁵⁰⁰⁷, w^a has pigment cell phenotype, suppressible by wg^P (Benevolenskaya et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Ufo¹ (Bhadra et al., 1997) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^EMS2 (Pal Bhadra et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^HD (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa³ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁴ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁵ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁶ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁷ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁸ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa⁹ (Rabinow and Birchler, 1989) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by su(w^a)^unspecified w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Tp(2;3)P w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^E755 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^E777 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^E786 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^XP11 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Doa^XP28 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by E(w^a)705^E705 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by E(w^a)829^E829 (Kurkulos et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^βb (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^βc (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^βd (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^EMS3 (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^EMS4 (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^EMS5 (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-a^hd1 (Rabinow et al., 1991) w^a has pigment cell phenotype, suppressible by Rga[+]/Rga⁰³⁸³⁴ (Frolov et al., 1998) w^a has phenotype, suppressible by Inr-b¹ (Bhadra et al., 1995)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by mod(mdg4)^ul (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Lt)G120 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;2Rt)G146+Ts(2Lt;4Lt)J96+Ts(YSt;4Rt)J96 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Lt)H52+Ts(YLt;2Rt)J96 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Rt)B110+Ts(YSt;2Lt)D20 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Rt)D20+Ts(YSt;2Lt)G10 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;2Lt)L23+Ts(YSt;2Rt)R155 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;2Lt)A24+Ts(YLt;2Rt)L23 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;2Lt)H149+Ts(YSt;2Rt)R14 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Dp(2;Y)J64 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;2Rt)B202 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;3Lt)B141 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(Y;3Rt)J1+Ts(YSt;3Lt)L132 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;2Rt)H52+Ts(YSt;2Lt)L52 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(Y;3Lt)J1+Ts(YSt;3Rt)J162 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YSt;3Lt)B93+Ts(YSt;3Rt)B116 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;3Rt)B93+Ts(YLt;3Lt)D100 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by Ts(YLt;3Rt)B93+Ts(YLt;3Lt)G73 (Sabl and Birchler, 1993) w^a has phenotype, non-suppressible by su(Hw)² (Lindsley and Grell, 1968)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of pigment cell phenotype of g^53d (Lloyd et al., 2002) w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of pigment cell phenotype of g² (Lloyd et al., 2002) w^a/w^e(g) is an enhancer of pigment cell phenotype of g^50e (Lloyd et al., 2002)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference w^a/Low¹ is a suppressor of phenotype of z¹ (Bhadra et al., 1997)
Other
Statement Reference In(3)Msu¹/+, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Csink et al., 1994) In(3)Msu²/+, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Csink et al., 1994) su(f)⁴, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Schalet, 1972) su(f)⁴/su(f)¹, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Schalet, 1972) su(f)¹, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Schalet, 1972) sgl⁰⁵⁰⁰⁷, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Benevolenskaya et al., 1998) Low¹, w^a, z¹ has eye phenotype (Bhadra et al., 1997) Low¹, w^a, z¹ has pigment cell phenotype (Bhadra et al., 1997) rb^66a, w^a has pigment cell phenotype (Becker, 1968, Becker, 1968) Bpt¹, N^fa-g, w^a has larval brain phenotype (Duus et al., 1992) Bpt¹, N^fa-g, w^a has optic lobe phenotype (Duus et al., 1992) Bpt¹, N^fa-g, w^a has eye phenotype (Duus et al., 1992)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Eye colour: lighter with bw¹. Eye colour: light pinkish yellow with st¹. Eye colour: not modified by v¹. (Mainx, 1938) Heterozygote with homozygous v¹ has slightly lighter eye colour than wild-type. (Braver, 1953) Eye colour: lighter than either mutation alone with z¹. (Green, 1959) mw¹ dilutes, in a variegated fashion, the phenotype of w^a. (Gelbart, 1971) Eye colour: white in z^a par^X1122 w^a heterozygotes. (Thierry-Mieg, 1982) Strength of enhancement: su(f)¹ > su(f)¹² > su(f)⁸ > su(f)⁴. (Fitch et al., 1992) Eye colour: w^a rb^66a flies have white eyes with a slight yellow tinge. (Becker, 1968) w¹ su(f)⁴/w^a su(f)¹ females have a w¹ phenotype at 24-25^oC. w^a su(f)⁴/Y males have an eye colour intermediate between that of w¹ and w^a at 17-18^oC. w^a su(f)¹ flies have apricot coloured eyes at 29-30^oC, at 24-25^oC the eyes are near white and at 17-18^oC the eyes are indistinguishable from white. (Schalet, 1972) Shows mosaic suppression by In(3)Msu¹/+ or In(3)Msu²/+: eyes have a mottled stripe of brilliant red at the posterior. (Csink et al., 1994) Eye phenotype is suppressed by Ufo¹. (Bhadra et al., 1997) w^a shows an interaction with Df(2R)68-1, Df(2R)86-1, Df(2R)38-1, Df(2R)44-2, Df(2R)12-1, Df(2R)107-2 and Df(2R)157-1. (Frolov et al., 2000) Eye colour: white in w^a su(f)¹. (Lindsley and Grell, 1968) Flies with a w^a/w^e(g) mutant genotype enhance the eye colour defective phenotype of g², g^50e and g^53d homozygous mutants leading to a greater reduction of red pigment in the eye. w^a, g^53d male mutants have lower amounts of pigment in the eye than w^a single mutants, leading to a change in eye colour from dull orange-red to completely white. (Lloyd et al., 2002) Eye colour: the eye pigmentation level of w[a] flies is not affected by BEAF-32[AB-KO]. (Roy et al., 2007)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Complements	w^sp1
Partially complements	w^sp1 (Green, 1959)
Comments
Stocks ( 206 )
Bloomington	148 w^a 189 y² w^a 8 ac⁴ w^a 53 gt¹ w^a 108 sc⁶ w^a 1715 w^a N^fa-swb
Kyoto	105759 w^a 101061 z^a w^a 105780 y² w^a 101186 sc⁶ w^a 105699 gt¹ w^a 101214 w^a su(f)¹
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Notes on Origin
Discoverer	Huestis, 1923.

Allele Dmel\wa

Allele Dmel\w^a