Allele Dmel\wg^l-8

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\wg^l-8	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0018500
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\wg
Also Known As	wg^IG22, wg^IG, wg^1-8

Allele class	amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	amorphic allele - genetic evidence (Peifer et al., 1994, Manoukian et al., 1995) loss of function allele (Pai et al., 1997)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, Perrimon and Mahowald, 1987, Tiong and Nash, 1990)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	decreased cell number \| recessive (Cox et al., 2000) increased cell size \| recessive (Cox et al., 2000) lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive (van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993, Buratovich et al., 1997)
Phenotype Manifest In
	abdominal 1 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 2 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 3 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 4 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 6 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 7 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) abdominal 8 ventral denticle belt (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) denticle (Cox et al., 2000, Peradziryi et al., 2011) denticle belt (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998, Manoukian et al., 1995, McEwen et al., 2000) dorsal hair (McEwen et al., 2000) embryo \| segment polarity expression pattern (Peifer et al., 1991, Cox et al., 2000) embryonic/first instar larval cuticle (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998, Pai et al., 1997, Peradziryi et al., 2011) embryonic/first instar larval cuticle \| dorsal (McEwen et al., 2000) embryonic epidermis (Cox et al., 2000) embryonic epidermis \| dorsal (McEwen et al., 2000) embryonic epidermis \| ventral (McEwen et al., 2000) embryonic head (Perrimon and Mahowald, 1987) filzkorper (Perrimon and Mahowald, 1987) midgut constriction 2 (Takemaru et al., 2003) neuroblast NB4-2 (Bhat et al., 2000) RP2 motor neuron (Loureiro and Peifer, 1998, Bhat et al., 2000) RP2sib neuron (Bhat et al., 2000) segment (van de Wetering et al., 1997) stomodeal invagination (Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jaeckle, 1995)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference All epidermal cells secrete denticles in the mutant embryo. (Peradziryi et al., 2011) wg^l-8 mutant embryos have no second midgut constriction. (Takemaru et al., 2003) Embryos completely lack segment polarity and have a lawn of uniform, large, thick denticles covering the ventral epidermis. The embryos are much smaller than wild type. They are usually closed dorsally. There are only 8 rows of ventral epidermal cells per segment in wg^l-8 embryos (wild-type number is, on average, 12 rows per segment). The cells are larger than normal and are cuboidal. Cells in the ventral epidermis enter mitosis 16 in mutant embryos (as occurs in wild type) and mitotic figures are as readily apparent in the ventral epidermis in stage 12 mutant embryos as they are in wild-type embryos. (Cox et al., 2000) Patterning defects evident in the denticle belts. Many mutant embryos are dorsally closed but exhibit severe defects in dorsal patterning, with loss of dorsal hairs and the presence of abnormal cuticular structures. A proportion show a mild dorsal-open phenotype. Leading edge cells never elongate along the DV axis, instead they stretch along the AP axis. Certain lateral cells contract like leading edge cells, stretching along the AP axis. (McEwen et al., 2000) Posterior cells of each segment are transformed to anterior fates in homozygous embryos and secrete denticles. Most of the denticles of these embryos resemble the large type found in normal row 5. Denticle orientation is often reversed or aligned towards the ventral midline. (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) Homozygous embryos lack RP2 neurons. (Loureiro and Peifer, 1998) Embryos are shorter than wild-type and secrete only denticles with no naked cuticle. wg^l-8 embryos expressing arm^{S10.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (using Scer\GAL4^e22c) produce a cuticle phenotype similar to embryos expressing arm^{S10.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (using Scer\GAL4^e22c) in a wild-type background; nearly all secreted cuticle is naked. wg^l-8 embryos expressing arm^ΔN.Scer\UAS (using Scer\GAL4^e22c) secrete naked cuticle interspersed with denticles on their ventral surface, while the dorsal surface is unchanged from the wg^l-8 mutant phenotype. (Pai et al., 1997) Only one central invagination fold of the stomodeal invagination is observed. (Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jaeckle, 1995) Embryos exhibit a lawn of denticle belts. (Manoukian et al., 1995) No reduction in rate of germ band extension, in wg, ptc, en triple mutants. (Irvine and Wieschaus, 1994) Similar mutant leg phenotypes, e.g. duplications and bifurcations, are produced by dsh clones, dsh, wg double heterozygotes and wg mutants. There is allele specificity in these interactions. (Theisen et al., 1994) Defective in gonad assembly. (Warrior, 1994) Mutant embryos have a lawn of row-5-type ventral denticles, with segmental polarity reversals. (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) hh expression in the embryo begins to fade as the germ band reaches full extension, though it does persist in a few midline cells which may be neuroblasts. (Lee et al., 1992) Before stage 10 wg embryos have normal hh expression, but it begins to decay at stage 10 and is gone by stage 11. (Tabata et al., 1992) Very strong segment polarity phenotype. (Peifer et al., 1991) wg^l-8 and wg^l-17 embryos show no localized increases of arm protein in the epidermis at the time the stripes would be apparent in wild type embryos, but increases were seen in domains that do not express wg. (Riggleman et al., 1990) The RP2 neuron is the only identifiable cell altered. The restricted phenotype may be due to improper communication between neurons. (Patel et al., 1989) Embryos lack head cuticle and there are no or very rudimentary filzkorper. Embryos show an aberrant pattern of cell death and lack of parasegmental and segmental boundaries. (Perrimon and Mahowald, 1987) embryonic lethal
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Suppressed by
Statement Reference wg^l-8 has decreased cell number \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)H99 (Cox et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has increased cell size \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)H99 (Cox et al., 2000)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is an enhancer of visible \| recessive phenotype of dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a non-enhancer of visible \| heat sensitive phenotype of fz^I.hs (Winter et al., 2001) wg^l-8 is a non-enhancer of visible phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a suppressor of neuroanatomy defective phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a non-suppressor of visible \| heat sensitive phenotype of fz^I.hs (Winter et al., 2001) wg^l-8 is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference wg^l-8 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle \| dorsal phenotype, enhanceable by puc^A251.1F3 (McEwen et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has embryonic epidermis \| dorsal phenotype, enhanceable by puc^A251.1F3 (McEwen et al., 2000)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference wg^l-8 has midgut constriction 2 phenotype, suppressible by Cby^dsRNA.cTa (Takemaru et al., 2003) wg^l-8 has neuroblast NB4-2 phenotype, suppressible by slp1^hs.PC (Bhat et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has RP2 motor neuron phenotype, suppressible by slp1^hs.PC (Bhat et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has RP2 motor neuron phenotype, suppressible by slp2^hs.PC (Bhat et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has RP2sib neuron phenotype, suppressible by slp1^hs.PC (Bhat et al., 2000)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference wg^l-8 has denticle belt phenotype, non-suppressible by puc^A251.1F3 (McEwen et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has embryo \| segment polarity expression pattern phenotype, non-suppressible by Df(3L)H99 (Cox et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has embryo \| segment polarity expression pattern phenotype, non-suppressible by W⁰⁵⁰¹⁴ (Cox et al., 2000) wg^l-8 has embryonic epidermis \| ventral phenotype, non-suppressible by puc^A251.1F3 (McEwen et al., 2000)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is an enhancer of wing margin bristle phenotype of dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ (Lin and Perrimon, 1999) wg[+]/wg^l-8 is an enhancer of wing phenotype of dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a non-enhancer of wing hair \| supernumerary phenotype of fz^I.hs (Winter et al., 2001) wg^l-8 is a non-enhancer of eye phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a suppressor of eye disc phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a suppressor of glial cell phenotype of spin¹⁰⁴⁰³ (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011) wg^l-8 is a suppressor \| partially of midgut constriction 1 phenotype of Cby^dsRNA.cTa (Takemaru et al., 2003)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference wg[+]/wg^l-8 is a non-suppressor of wing hair \| supernumerary phenotype of fz^I.hs (Winter et al., 2001) wg^l-8 is a non-suppressor of arista \| supernumerary phenotype of obk¹ (Atallah et al., 2004) wg^l-8 is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of os^GMR.PB (Bach et al., 2003)
Other
Statement Reference ovo^svb-108, wg[+]/wg^l-8 has dorsal fine hair phenotype (Frankel et al., 2010)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference ovo[svb-108]/Y ; wg[l-8]/+ larvae raised at 25[o]C have significantly fewer quaternary trichomes compared to controls. (Frankel et al., 2010) Loss of the second midgut constriction in wg^l-8 mutant embryos is suppressed by Cby^dsRNA.cTa. Loss of the first midgut constriction in Cby^dsRNA.cTa injected embryos is partially suppressed by wg^l-8. (Takemaru et al., 2003) Expression of slp1^hs.PC in wg^l-8 embryos rescues the RP2/sib lineage in as many as 85% of hemisegments. Rescue of NB4-2 is seen in approximately 43% of hemisegments. Expression of slp2^hs.PC in wg^l-8 or wg^l-17 embryos rescues the RP2 lineage in approximately 50% of hemisegments. (Bhat et al., 2000) Addition of W⁰⁵⁰¹⁴ or Df(3L)H99 does not result in any pronounced improvement of the wg^l-8 segment polarity defect; all cells still secrete a uniform lawn of denticles and the cuticle remains smaller than wild type in double mutant embryos. However, the number of denticles is more than doubled in wg^l-8 ; Df(3L)H99 embryos compared to wg^l-8 single mutants, and the denticles secreted by the double mutants are much smaller than in wg^l-8 single mutants. The effect of a reduction in W⁺ dose on wg^l-8 is additive The number of rows of ventral epidermis cells is increased to 12-14 per segment in wg^l-8 ; Df(3L)H99 embryos and the cells are much smaller than in wg^l-8 single mutants. Most of the cells are cuboidal, they create a pattern of block-like pseudosegments and all cells secrete denticles in the double mutant embryos. (Cox et al., 2000) wg^l-8,puc^A251.1F3 double mutants show a novel loss of dorsal cuticle phenotype. Dorsal closure is never initiated. Lateral epidermal cells elongate along the AP axis and resemble leading edge cells. Massive cell degeneration is seen in the lateral and dorsal epidermis of late embryos. (McEwen et al., 2000) Wings on wg^l-8/+; dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴/dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ animals show a stronger wing notch phenotype than dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴/dally⁰⁶⁴⁶⁴ alone at a higher penetrance (3% to 8%). (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	5351 wg^l-8/CyO; P{ftz/lacC}1
Kyoto	107019 wg^l-8 cn¹ bw¹ sp¹/CyO
Notes on Origin
Discoverer	Nusslein-Volhard.

Comments
	Strong wg allele. (Bhat, 1996) The wg phenotype is suppressed by mutations in nkd and enhanced by mutations in hh. (Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993) Pairwise complementation analysis of wg¹, wg^l-8, wg^H and an allele of spd reveals a complex complementation pattern. (Tiong and Nash, 1990)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	wg^1-8 (Takemaru et al., 2003, Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) wg^1g22 (Winter et al., 2001) wg^IG22 (Cox and Baylies, 2005, Tolwinski and Wieschaus, 2004, Bach et al., 2003, Tolwinski et al., 2003, Zhou et al., 2001, Halfon et al., 2000, Cox et al., 2000, Alcedo et al., 2000, McEwen et al., 2000, Bhat et al., 2000, Lin and Perrimon, 1999, Fuss and Hoch, 1998, Carmena et al., 1998, Loureiro and Peifer, 1998, Richter et al., 1998, Pai et al., 1997, Buratovich et al., 1997, Bhat and Schedl, 1997, van de Wetering et al., 1997, Rulifson et al., 1996, Hoch and Pankratz, 1996, Bhat, 1996, Goriely et al., 1996, Manoukian et al., 1995, Yoffe et al., 1995, Schwartz et al., 1995, Peifer et al., 1994, Pankratz and Hoch, 1995, Warrior, 1994, van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Irvine and Wieschaus, 1994, Peifer et al., 1994, van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1993, Li and Noll, 1993, Li et al., 1993, Tabata et al., 1992, Lee et al., 1992, Peifer et al., 1991, Riggleman et al., 1990, Patel et al., 1989, Frasch and Levine, 1987, Perrimon and Mahowald, 1987, Estrada et al., 2006, Frankel et al., 2010, Peradziryi et al., 2011) wg^IG23 (Gonzalez-Gaitan and Jaeckle, 1995) wg^IG (Hing et al., 1994, Theisen et al., 1994, Klingler and Gergen, 1993, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, ) wg^l-8 (Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 59 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 59 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 57 ) Supplementary material ( 1 ) Stock list ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Peradziryi et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(18): 3729--3740 PTK7/Otk interacts with Wnts and inhibits canonical Wnt signalling. [FBrf0215241] Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011, J. Neurosci. 31(19): 7005--7015 Spinster Controls Dpp Signaling during Glial Migration in the Drosophila Eye. [FBrf0213705] Show all research papers ...

Allele Dmel\wgl-8

Allele Dmel\wg^l-8