FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\wg[l-16]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\wg^l-16

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0018508

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\wg

Associated Insertion(s)

?{}wg^l-16

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

wg^cx3

Key Links

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

X ray

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Brook and Cohen, 1996)

Mutagen

X ray

(Baker, 1996.8.23, Baker, 1987)

Progenitor genotype

Associated Insertion(s)

?{}wg^l-16

Caused by aberration

Df(2L)wg-CX3

Cytology

Description

Southern blotting shows a breakpoint in the +14.6 - +16.3 interval, DNA right of +16.3 is still present demonstrating that the 3' breakpoint is not one end of a deficiency. The relationship of the wg^l-16 lesion to the cytology of the Df(2L)wg-CX3 chromosome is not clear; they might be related parts of a complex rearrangement, or might be independent events in the same chromosomal region. The wg^l-16 mutation is associated with an insertion of unknown DNA just 3' to the transcription unit (FBrf0046100; FBrf0066940).

(Baker, 1996.8.23)

Insertion of DNA in the 3' control region.

(Brook and Cohen, 1996)

17kb insertion into the 3' regulatory region.

(Neumann and Cohen, 1996)

Deletion that brings other sequences close to the transcription terminus, thereby reducing the production of mRNA and protein.

(Buratovich and Bryant, 1995)

Approximately 17kb insertion at the 3' end of the wg transcript.

(van den Heuvel et al., 1993)

Deletion of sequences between position +10.8 and +15.6 on the wg map.

(Baker, 1987)

break between +10.8 and 15.0 kb

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

abdominal tergite 8 | female (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

adult prothoracic segment

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

aedeagus

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

aedeagus (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

antenna

(Sato et al., 1999)

antenna (with wg^l-17)

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

distiproboscis (with wg^17en40cP1)

(Yasunaga et al., 2006)

epandrial ventral lobe

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

epandrial ventral lobe (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

eye disc

(Bras-Pereira et al., 2006)

female reproductive system

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

genital disc (with wg^l-17)

(Keisman and Baker, 2001)

haltere

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

haltere (with wg^l-17)

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

hypogynium (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

leg (with wg^l-17)

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

male reproductive system

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

mesonotum | ectopic (with wg^l-17)

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

metathoracic coxa

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic femur

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic leg

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic leg sensillum

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic metatarsus

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic tibia

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

metathoracic trochanter

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

oviprovector (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

pseudotrachea (with wg^17en40cP1)

(Yasunaga et al., 2006)

surstylus

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

surstylus (with wg^Sp-1)

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

wing

(Klein and Martinez Arias, 1998, Emerald and Roy, 1997, Baker, 1987)

wing (with wg^l-17)

(Gieseler et al., 2001, Klein and Martinez Arias, 1998)

wing disc (with wg^l-17)

(Cavodeassi et al., 2002, Gieseler et al., 2001)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Mutants show ectopic retinogenesis along the dorsal margin of the eye disc.

(Bras-Pereira et al., 2006)

wg^17en40cP1/wg^l-16 flies show the loss of nearly all pseudotracheae, which are structurally characteristic of the distiproboscis. These flies show no significant loss of taste bristles nor any significant change in mediproboscis morphology.

(Yasunaga et al., 2006)

wg^l-16/wg^Sp-1 females have reduced vaginal plates and tergite eight and the vulva is mainly absent. wg^l-16/wg^Sp-1 males lack the penis apparatus and most of the clasper, and the lateral plates are fused.

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 wing discs raised at 18^oC show a double notum phenotype.

(Cavodeassi et al., 2002)

The wg^l-16/wg^l-17 combination results in pharate adults with wing to notum transformations and loss of halteres. Loss of antennae and dorsalisation of leg structures is also seen. Wing discs show replacement of the wing blade by a mirror duplication of the notum in these animals.

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 genital discs are smaller than wild type.

(Keisman and Baker, 2001)

Dominantly enhances the appearance of an apoptotic cluster of cells in the primordial wing tip of the late third larval instar bi^omb-1/Y wing disc.

(Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999)

Most wg^l-16/wg^en11 flies lack antennal structures.

(Sato et al., 1999)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 is a strong hypomorphic combination that causes a wing to notum transformation in 92% of flies.

(Klein and Martinez Arias, 1998)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 mutant clones cause a phenotype in the external male genitalia; a reduction in number of clasper teeth, two lateral plates are fused to one with reduced number of bristles and there is rudimentary penis apparatus. Internal male and female genitalia are completely deleted. External female genitalia is generally normal.

(Chen and Baker, 1997)

25% of wg^l-16/wg^P flies have wings on the prothoracic segment, and the mesothoracic wings and metathoracic halteres are always absent. 10% of wg^l-16/wg^P flies show a varying degree of transformation of the metathoracic legs to halteres, ranging from graded removal of the distal segments (tibia and tarsus), through distortion of the femur and graded removal of leg bristles, to transformation of the coxa and trochanter into the first and second segments of the haltere.

(Emerald and Roy, 1997)

In trans to null alleles of wg, wg^l-16 gives pupal lethality, indicating wg^l-16 is not a null allele of wg.

(Baker, 1996.8.23)

wg^l-16/wg^Sp-1 individuals are lethal. Adult escapers lack one or both anterior dorsocentral bristles and more rarely also the posterior postalar bristle and the presutural bristle. They also exhibit loss of distal antennal segments and in rare cases exhibit antennal duplication. Individuals in combination with wg^Sp-revP, wg^P and wg^l-17 are pupal lethal. Individuals are adult viable and exhibit the wing phenotype when in combination with wg¹. When in combination with wg^spd-j2 individuals are lethal, escapers lack antennae and the first pair of legs.

(Neumann and Cohen, 1996)

wg^l-16/wg^l-12 larvae grown at the restrictive temperature result in heads that lack both the lateral and mediolateral structures causing the ocelli to be directly adjacent to the compound eyes. Ocellar cuticle and the ocelli are larger than wild type.

(Royet and Finkelstein, 1996)

wg^CE7/wg^l-16 transheterozygotes are pupal lethal. Lethality can be suppressed by wg^PE1.

(Bejsovec and Wieschaus, 1995)

Homozygotes display leg pattern element disruptions, these are also seen in the pupal lethal wg^l-16/wg^NZ combination.

(Buratovich and Bryant, 1995)

The heteroallelic combination wg^l-12/wg^l-16 has been used as a temperature sensitive genotype to study the requirement for wg gene product in the development of the leg, wing and haltere imaginal discs: wg is required only during the second larval instar in the wing and haltere discs, whereas legs are affected by temperature shifts at all times up until 96 hours after egg laying (at 25^oC).

(Couso et al., 1993)

Adult homeotic transformation of wing to notum.

(Baker, 1987)

pupal lethal

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has visible phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16 has visible | recessive phenotype, suppressible by fz3^G10

(Sato et al., 1999)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

wg[+]/wg^l-16 is a suppressor of lethal | somatic clone | pupal stage phenotype of Stat92E^85C9

(Ekas et al., 2006)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has antenna phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has wing disc phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has haltere phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has leg phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has mesonotum | ectopic phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has wing phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1/Wnt4^UAS.cGa

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

wg^l-16 has antenna phenotype, suppressible by fz3^G10

(Sato et al., 1999)

wg^l-16/wg^l-17 has wing phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1/vg^UAS.cKa

(Klein and Martinez Arias, 1998)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

wg[+]/wg^l-16 is an enhancer of wing disc phenotype of bi^omb-1

(Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

wg[+]/wg^l-16 is a suppressor of eye | somatic clone phenotype of Stat92E^85C9

(Ekas et al., 2006)

wg[+]/wg^l-16 is a suppressor of cuticle & adult external head | somatic clone phenotype of Stat92E^85C9

(Ekas et al., 2006)

wg[+]/wg^l-16 is a suppressor of head | somatic clone phenotype of Stat92E^85C9

(Ekas et al., 2006)

wg^l-16 is a suppressor of arista | increased number phenotype of obk¹

(Atallah et al., 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

l(2)gd1¹, wg^l-16 has metathoracic leg disc phenotype

(Buratovich and Bryant, 1995)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Flies carrying Stat92E^85C9 Minute clones in a wg^l-16/+ background show a significantly increased rate of eclosion compared to those with a wild-type background. Further, eclosed wg^l-16/+; Stat92E^85C9 Minute flies show less severe phenotypes compared to eclosed Stat92E^85C9 Minute flies.

(Ekas et al., 2006)

Many of the phenotypes caused by wg^l-16/wg^l-17 can be rescued by expression of Wnt4^Scer\UAS.cGa under the control of Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1; wing rescue is seen at high frequency, halteres appear well developed, leg morphology is often rescued, but partial rescue of the antenna is only occasionally seen.

(Gieseler et al., 2001)

The antenna phenotype of wg^l-16/wg^en11 flies is significantly rescued by fz3^G10.

(Sato et al., 1999)

Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1-mediated expression of vg^Scer\UAS.cKa restores the wing.

(Klein and Martinez Arias, 1998)

The third leg discs of wg^l-16 l(2)gd1¹ homozygous larvae display an overgrowth phenotype but not duplicate discs.

(Buratovich and Bryant, 1995)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

wg^21-P

(Bhojwani et al., 1995)

Partially rescued by

wg^Sp-1/wg^l-16 is partially rescued by wg^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^cad-em459

(Gorfinkiel et al., 2003)

Comments

Expression of wg^Scer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4^cad-em459 in wg^l-16/wg^Sp-1 females sometimes results in recovery of the vaginal plates and tergite eight, but not the vulva. The analia are much reduced in some cases and some females have no genital and anal structures. Expression of wg^Scer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4^cad-em459 in wg^l-16/wg^Sp-1 males results in recovery of genital structures such as the claspers and penis apparatus, although the penis apparatus is sometimes still reduced. Analia are almost normal or reduced.