Allele Dmel\fbl¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\fbl¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0028192
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\fbl
Also Known As	dPANK¹

Map ( GBrowse )	Untitled Document
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
Mutagen	P-element activity
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence (Afshar et al., 2001)
Mutagen	P-element activity (Castrillon et al., 1993)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References transposable element insertion site 3L:20,377,553..20,377,553 (Castrillon et al., 1993, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Afshar et al., 2001, Spradling et al., 1999)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Caused by insertion	P{PZ}fbl¹ (Castrillon et al., 1993, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Afshar et al., 2001, Spradling et al., 1999)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	behavior defective \| female \| recessive (Afshar et al., 2001) chemical sensitive (Bosveld et al., 2008) cytokinesis defective \| male (Afshar et al., 2001) female sterile (Bosveld et al., 2008) female sterile \| recessive (Afshar et al., 2001) flight defective (Bosveld et al., 2008) flightless (Bosveld et al., 2008) increased cell death \| larval stage (Bosveld et al., 2008) lethal \| pupal stage (Wu et al., 2009, Gutiérrez et al., 2010) locomotor behavior defective (Wu et al., 2009) locomotor behavior defective \| adult stage (Bosveld et al., 2008) locomotor behavior defective \| larval stage (Bosveld et al., 2008) male sterile male sterile \| recessive (Spradling et al., 1999) meiotic cell cycle defective (with fbl²) (Afshar et al., 2001) meiotic cell cycle defective (with fbl³) (Afshar et al., 2001) meiotic cell cycle defective \| recessive (Afshar et al., 2001) neuroanatomy defective (Wu et al., 2009) radiation sensitive (Bosveld et al., 2008) short lived (Bosveld et al., 2008, Wu et al., 2009) sterile (Wu et al., 2009) uncoordinated \| female \| recessive (Afshar et al., 2001) visible (Bosveld et al., 2008, Bosveld et al., 2008)
Phenotype Manifest In
	adult brain (Bosveld et al., 2008, Wu et al., 2009) anterior crossvein (Bosveld et al., 2008) dorsal appendage \| maternal effect (Bosveld et al., 2008) egg \| maternal effect (Bosveld et al., 2008) embryonic/larval brain (Bosveld et al., 2008) Nebenkern (Castrillon et al., 1993, Wu et al., 2009) Nebenkern derivative (Afshar et al., 2001) onion stage spermatid (Wu et al., 2009) ovary (Bosveld et al., 2008, Wu et al., 2009) posterior crossvein (Bosveld et al., 2008) retina \| adult stage (Wu et al., 2009) spermatid (Castrillon et al., 1993) spermatid (with fbl²) (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatid & nucleus (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & aster (with fbl²) (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & aster (with fbl³) (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & centrosome (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & spindle (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & spindle (with fbl²) (Afshar et al., 2001) spermatocyte & spindle (with fbl³) (Afshar et al., 2001) testis (Castrillon et al., 1993, Wu et al., 2009) wing (Bosveld et al., 2008)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference fbl[1] heterozygotes show a significant threefold increase in total Zn levels. Under normal diet conditions approximately 55% of expected homozygous fbl[1] are found, suggesting that one third of homozygous fbl[1] larvae fail to initiate metamorphosis. The addition of 5mM ZnCl[[2]] to the diet of fbl[1]/+ flies results in a 40% increase in total zinc levels compared to controls with no Zn supplement. Controls with a 5mM ZnCl[[2]] supplemented diet exhibit a 55% increase in total Zn levels. A significant drop in expected fbl[1] homozygous pupae is observed when they are raised on high Zn (43% of expected), suggesting that Zn has a negative impact on larval development of fbl[1] homozygotes. The addition of 100υM TPEN to the diet of fbl[1] homozygous larvae does not significantly ameliorate their survival, despite reducing to less than half the levels of total Zn in adult fbl[1] heterozygous flies. fbl[1] heterozygotes show no change in iron, manganese or copper levels. (Gutiérrez et al., 2010) fbl[1] mutants die during the pupal stage with a few escapers managing to eclose and survive several days. Rare survivors exhibit impaired locomotion ability, infertility, and neurodegeneration in the brain and retina. Brain and retinal tissues display large vacuoles. The female ovary is dramatically reduced in size, and no mature sperm is evident in the male testis. In fbl[1] males, Nebenkern spermatids carry large Nebenkern and micronuclei at onion stage. (Wu et al., 2009) Homozygous larvae show severely impaired locomotor activity (crawling) compared to controls. (Bosveld et al., 2008) 7 day old homozygous flies show severe defects in flight ability and in the ability to climb in a negative geotaxis assay. Homozygous flies have a reduced median lifespan (8 days) compared to control flies (50 days). Homozygous flies often have held-out or (less frequently) held-up wings. The brains of 14 day old homozygous adults contain vacuoles, suggesting neurodegeneration. The level of triglycerides is reduced approximately 25% in 5 day old homozygous adults compared to controls. Homozygous adults show a mild-sensitivity to H[[2]]O added to the medium under "wet starvation conditions". Homozygous adults show increased sensitivity to 5% H[[2]]O[[2]], 100mM dithiothreitol and 20mM paraquat compared to control adults. Homozygous larvae show reduced survival on medium containing 100mM cysteine compared to control larvae. Homozygous third larval instar brains show a high incidence of abnormal mitotic chromosomes compared to controls. Treatment with 20 Gy irradiation results in an increased incidence of abnormal mitotic chromosomes in homozygous third larval instar brains compared to controls. Homozygous larval brains show an increased level of apoptosis compared to controls. The survival rate of adults after exposure of larvae to 20Gy irradiation is reduced in homozygotes compared to wild-type flies. (Bosveld et al., 2008) Homozygous females do not deposit eggs. Homozygous ovaries dissected 48 hours after eclosion are poorly developed and do not contain eggs. Five day old homozygous ovaries contain eggs, which are small, ball-shaped and contain short dorsal appendages. Production of neutral lipids is hardly detected in homozygous egg chambers. Anterior cross vein and posterior cross vein formation is incomplete in homozygous wings, and mispositioned cross veins are found between veins L2 and L3. Ectopic macrochaetae on the scutellum are not formed in homozygous flies. (Bosveld et al., 2008) fbl¹ males show defects in chromosome segregation and cytokinesis in the male germline. Homozygous females are uncoordinated. Approximately 10% of testis cysts in homozygous males contain spermatids with mitochondrial aggregates of abnormal size and shape and multinucleate nuclei of different size. Approximately 10% of homozygous primary spermatocytes have abnormal spindles at prometaphase or metaphase, having asymmetric and/or apolar microtubule structures and lacking actin structures. There is also a failure in centrosomal separation. Chromosomes are associated with only one half of the spindle in some spermatocytes. In some cases the actin contractile ring forms around the chromosomes at the midbody, indicating a defect in the timing of contractile ring formation or in chromosome segregation. At late telophase, cells containing two or more actin rings and associated cleavage furrows situated between distinct masses of chromosomes are seen, suggesting unequal partitioning of chromosomal masses and cytoplasm. 90% of spermatids in fbl¹/fbl² males undergo aberrant cell division and spermiogenesis (postmeiotic spermatid differentiation) is grossly defective. 80% of fbl¹/fbl² or fbl¹/fbl³ primary spermatocytes have spindle abnormalities, with the majority of spindles being multipolar. Anaphase and telophase stages are difficult to define in these testes, due to the severe defects in metaphase spindle organisation. In some less severely affected cells, two asters are seen at a single pole. Despite this lack of aster separation, these cells contain a contractile ring positioned over a central spindle. (Afshar et al., 2001) Spermatids have large nebenkern and micronuclei at onion stage. Hemizygotes have degenerating spermatocytes. Testes are short and nearly devoid of germinal content. (Castrillon et al., 1993) Spermatids with large Nebenkern and micronuclei at onion stage. Hemizygotes with deletion contain degenerating spermatocytes.
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Suppressed by
Statement Reference fbl¹ has chemical sensitive phenotype, suppressible by Sod^+t2.4/Cat^tOa/Trxr-1^+t10 (Bosveld et al., 2008) fbl¹ has female sterile phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has female sterile phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has female sterile phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\PANK4^Scer\UAS.cWa/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has female sterile phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK3^Scer\UAS.cWa (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\PANK4^Scer\UAS.cWa/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK3^Scer\UAS.cWa (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Hsap\PANK4^Scer\UAS.cWa/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK3^Scer\UAS.cWa (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, suppressible \| partially by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, suppressible by Hsap\PANK4^Scer\UAS.cWa/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK3^Scer\UAS.cWa (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has sterile phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^c.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has lethal \| pupal stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^c.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has male sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has male sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\PANK4^Scer\UAS.cWa/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has male sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has male sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has male sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK3^Scer\UAS.cWa (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^c.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has short lived phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^c.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
Other
Statement Reference MTF-1^140-1R, fbl¹ has locomotor behavior defective phenotype (Gutiérrez et al., 2010)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement Reference fbl¹ has adult brain phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has retina phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has testis phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^m.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference fbl¹ has adult brain phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has adult brain phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has adult brain phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has retina \| adult stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has retina \| adult stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has retina \| adult stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has testis phenotype, non-suppressible by Hsap\PANK2^{T418M.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^Act.PU (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has testis phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{G411R.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ has testis phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/Hsap\PANK2^{S241P.Scer\UAS} (Wu et al., 2009)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference fbl[+]/fbl¹ is an enhancer \| male limited of wing margin phenotype of Bx² (Bronstein et al., 2010)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference fbl[+]/fbl¹ is a non-enhancer of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Chi^e5.5 (Bronstein et al., 2010) fbl[+]/fbl¹ is a non-enhancer of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Ssdp^L7 (Bronstein et al., 2010)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference fbl[+]/fbl¹ is a non-suppressor of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Chi^e5.5 (Bronstein et al., 2010) fbl[+]/fbl¹ is a non-suppressor of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Ssdp^L7 (Bronstein et al., 2010)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Simultaneous co-expression of Sod[+t2.4], Cat[tOa] and Trxr-1[+t10] restores survival of fbl[1]/fbl[1] larvae on medium containing 100mM cysteine to wild-type levels. (Bosveld et al., 2008)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference Expression of Hsap\PANK2[m.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background rescues the eclosion defects of fbl[1] flies, and the lifespan of these animals recovers to almost normal levels. Locomotor defects and infertility are also rescued in these animals. Retinal and brain morphology is normal in these animals at 12 days and 30 days old. Expression of Hsap\PANK2[c.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] does not rescue eclosion rate, lifespan, locomotion ability, and fertility defects of fbl[1] mutant flies. Expression of Hsap\PANK2[T418M.Scer\UAS] or Hsap\PANK2[S241P.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background dramatically increased the eclosion rate. Ectopic expression of either line partially suppresses the impaired locomotion phenotype and short lifespan of fbl[1] mutant flies. Female fertility is restored in these animals but males are sterile and display abnormal spermatogenesis. Expression of Hsap\PANK2[G411R.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] does not alter eclosion rate of fbl[1] mutant flies, and does not increase lifespan or improve locomotion ability of fbl[1] mutant flies. Males are sterile and show abnormal spermatogenesis. Expression of Hsap\PANK2[T418M.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background results in a neurodegeneration phenotype. Adult brain and retinal tissue display large vacuoles at 12 days old. Expression of Hsap\PANK2[S241P.Scer\UAS] or Hsap\PANK2[G411R.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background results in a neurodegeneration phenotype, with large vacuoles present in both tissues at 30 days post-eclosion. Expression of Hsap\PANK3[Scer\UAS.cWa] or Hsap\PANK4[Scer\UAS.cWa] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background dramatically increases the eclosion rate of fbl[1] mutant flies, and the lifespan of these animals is much increased. Flies display normal climbing behaviour when young, however the climbing ability of these animals is less than 50% of control levels at 30 days. Female fertility is restored in these animals but male sterility is not restored. (Wu et al., 2009)
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	fbl⁰⁰⁷¹³ (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Rescued by	fbl¹ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/fbl^L.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
Partially rescued by	fbl¹ is partially rescued by fbl^L.Scer\UAS/Scer\GAL4^Cha.7.4 (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ is partially rescued by fbl^L.Scer\UAS/Scer\GAL4^Ddc.PL (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav.PU/fbl^L.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
Not rescued by	fbl¹ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/fbl^S1.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009) fbl¹ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^Act.PU/fbl^S2.Scer\UAS (Wu et al., 2009)
Comments	Expression of fbl[L.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] rescues the eclosion defects of fbl[1] flies, and the lifespan of these animals recovers to almost normal levels. Locomotor and infertility defects are also rescued in these animals. Expression of fbl[S1.Scer\UAS] or fbl[S2.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Act.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background does not rescue the lethality, shortened lifespan, locomotion behaviour, or infertility defects observed in fbl[1] mutants. Expression of fbl[L.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav.PU] in a fbl[1] mutant background rescues the eclosion defects, shortened lifespan and movement coordination defects of fbl[1] flies, but does not rescue infertility. Expression of fbl[L.Scer\UAS] in dopaminergic neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4[Ddc.PL] partially rescues the eclosion rate, shortened lifespan, and locomotor defects of fbl[1] mutant flies. Expression of fbl[L.Scer\UAS] in cholinergic neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4[Cha.7.4] partially rescues the eclosion rate, shortened lifespan, and locomotor defects of fbl[1] mutant flies. (Wu et al., 2009)
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	11777 P{PZ}fbl¹ ry⁵⁰⁶/TM3, ry^RK Sb¹ Ser¹
Kyoto	101721 P{PZ}fbl¹ ry⁵⁰⁶ / TM3, ry^RK Sb¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer
	Separable from: kug[fbl1]. (Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012) The kug[fbl1] lesion was identified as a second hit on the fbl[1] chromosome. (Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	dPANK¹ (Bosveld et al., 2008, Bosveld et al., 2008) fbl¹ (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012, Christensen et al., 2009.2.28, Christensen et al., 2009.7.22, Bosveld et al., 2008, Bosveld et al., 2008, Wu et al., 2009, Bronstein et al., 2010) fbl⁰⁰⁴¹⁴ ms(3)00414 (Spradling et al., 1999, )
Name Synonym	fumble¹ (Gutiérrez et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 16 )
Research paper	Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012, G3 (Bethesda) 2(3): 371--378 A screen for round egg mutants in Drosophila identifies tricornered, furry, and misshapen as regulators of egg chamber elongation. [FBrf0217749] Bronstein et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(8): e1001063 Transcriptional regulation by CHIP/LDB complexes. [FBrf0211594] Gutiérrez et al., 2010, FEBS Lett. 584(13): 2942--2946 Zinc accumulation in heterozygous mutants of fumble, the pantothenate kinase homologue of Drosophila. [FBrf0211028] Wu et al., 2009, Hum. Mol. Genet. 18(19): 3659--3672 Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration: insights from a Drosophila model. [FBrf0209004] Bosveld et al., 2008, Hum. Mol. Genet. 17(13): 2058--2069 De novo CoA biosynthesis is required to maintain DNA integrity during development of the Drosophila nervous system. [FBrf0205456] Afshar et al., 2001, Genetics 157(3): 1267--1276 fumble encodes a pantothenate kinase homolog required for proper mitosis and meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0134646] Spradling et al., 1999, Genetics 153(1): 135--177 The Berkeley Drosophila genome project gene disruption project. Single P-element insertions mutating 25% of vital Drosophila genes. [FBrf0111489] Castrillon et al., 1993, Genetics 135(2): 489--505 Toward a molecular genetic analysis of spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster: characterization of male-sterile mutants generated by single P element mutagenesis. [FBrf0064394]
Supplementary material	Bosveld et al., 2008, Hum. Mol. Genet. 17(13): Supplementary Data. [FBrf0208509] Bosveld et al., 2008, BMC Res. Notes 1: Additional file 1. [FBrf0208531]
Personal communication to FlyBase	Christensen et al., 2009.2.28, Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC734. Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC734. [FBrf0207616] Christensen et al., 2009.7.22, Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC839. Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC839. [FBrf0208339] Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC447. Isolation and characterization of Df(3L)BSC447. [FBrf0204482] Beaton, 1999.12.12, Alleles of the lines in the P-element paper. Alleles of the lines in the P-element paper. [FBrf0125032] Meister and Braun, 1995.10, lacZ expression patterns for P{} insertions at Bloomington. lacZ expression patterns for P{} insertions at Bloomington. [FBrf0083714] BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project. (Computer file) BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project. (Computer file) [FBrf0067338]

Allele Dmel\fbl1

Allele Dmel\fbl¹