Allele Dmel\ttk^1e11

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ttk^1e11	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0035855
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\ttk
Also Known As	ttk^lell, ttk^le11

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class	loss of function allele, amorphic allele - genetic evidence, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
Mutagen	Js, P-element activity
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	amorphic allele - genetic evidence (Xiong and Montell, 1993, Pritchard and Schubiger, 1996, Giesen et al., 1997) hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence (Vervoort et al., 1997) loss of function allele (Lai and Li, 1999)
Mutagen	Js (Xiong and Montell, 1993) P-element activity (Giesen et al., 1997)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References deletion 3R:27,555,354..27,558,117 comment=Position of mutation on reference sequence inferred by FlyBase curator based on author statement. See Figure 4 of FBrf0155483. Mutation is a deletion of 1.7kb of 3' P-element and 0.8kb of flanking genomic DNA that encodes the zinc fingers in the ttk p69 protein according to FBrf0058514. evidence=experimental (French et al., 2003, Xiong and Montell, 1993)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype	ttk¹ (Xiong and Montell, 1993)
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Deletion of 1.7kb of 3' P-element and 0.8kb of flanking genomic DNA that encodes the zinc fingers in the ttk p69 protein. (Xiong and Montell, 1993)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	cell shape defective \| somatic clone (Boyle and Berg, 2009) lethal \| embryonic stage (Xiong and Montell, 1993) lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive (Lai et al., 1996) mitotic cell cycle defective \| somatic clone (Jordan et al., 2006) visible \| somatic clone (Siddall et al., 2009)
Phenotype Manifest In
	abdominal 1 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 2 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 3 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 4 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 5 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 6 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) abdominal 7 lch5 neuron (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) border follicle cell \| cell autonomous \| somatic clone (Wang et al., 2006) cone cell \| P-stage \| somatic clone (Lai and Li, 1999) cone cell \| somatic clone \| third instar larval stage (Siddall et al., 2009) dorsal appendage \| maternal effect (with ttk¹) (French et al., 2003) dorsal appendage \| maternal effect (with ttk^twp) (French et al., 2003) dorsal appendage \| somatic clone (Boyle and Berg, 2009) egg \| maternal effect (with ttk^twp) (French et al., 2003) egg chamber \| maternal effect (with ttk^twp) (French et al., 2003) embryonic/larval glial cell \| supernumerary (Badenhorst, 2001) eye \| somatic clone (Siddall et al., 2009) eye photoreceptor cell \| somatic clone (Lai and Li, 1999) filzkorper (Xiong and Montell, 1993) follicle cell \| maternal effect (with ttk^twp) (French et al., 2003) follicle cell \| somatic clone (Jordan et al., 2006) interommatidial bristle \| somatic clone (Siddall et al., 2009) lens \| somatic clone (Lai and Li, 1999, Siddall et al., 2009) mouth hooks (Xiong and Montell, 1993) ommatidial precursor cluster \| somatic clone (Lai and Li, 1999) ommatidium \| somatic clone (Xiong and Montell, 1993, Siddall et al., 2009) oocyte \| oogenesis stage S10B \| somatic clone (Boyle and Berg, 2009) oocyte \| oogenesis stage S13 \| somatic clone (Boyle and Berg, 2009) photoreceptor cell R7 (Yamamoto et al., 1996) photoreceptor cell R7 \| somatic clone \| supernumerary \| third instar larval stage (Siddall et al., 2009) presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system (Araujo et al., 2007) rhabdomere \| somatic clone (Lai and Li, 1999) thecogen cell (Vervoort et al., 1997)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference The nuclei in homozygous follicle cell clones are more densely packed as compared to the surrounding wild-type tissue. (Technau et al., 2012) Cells derived from mosaic clones of ttk[1e11] do not participate in dorsal appendage morphogenesis. Mutant cells clump together, block surrounding cells, and occasionally split the dorsal appendage. Cells derived from mosaic clones of ttk[1e11] at S10B show dramatic apical constriction of normally cuboidal cells. Basal surfaces of mutant cells are slightly shrunken and rounder than control cells, but far larger than their apical surfaces. Mutant nuclei are more closely packed at later stages of oogenesis, but this effect is not pronounced at early stages. Cells derived from mosaic clones of ttk[1e11] are taller than control cells. (Boyle and Berg, 2009) ttk[1e11] mutant eye clones display severe degeneration of the corneal lens, with ommatidia and sensory bristles failing to properly develop. In 87% of ttk[1e11] mutant third instar eye disc clones, 2-3 presumptive R7 photoreceptor cells are observed seven rows posterior to the morphogenetic furrow, compared to just one R7 cell in control tissue. A reduced number of cone cells are observed in mutant clones. (Siddall et al., 2009) ttk[1e11] mutant embryos display defects in tracheal patterning. (Araujo et al., 2007) Follicle cells in ttk^1e11 clones show a decrease in the size of cell nuclei and quantification of the number of cells in these clones compared to the number in their sister clones shows that on average they are twice as large, which implies that ttk^1e11 mutant cells have undergone an extra round of mitotic division. (Jordan et al., 2006) In mosaic egg chambers in which border cells retain ttk[+] function, border cell migration is completed normally. However, homozygous border cells show a severe migration defect and remain at the anterior tip of the stage 10 egg chamber. Homozygous centripetal cells appear to be delayed in their inward migration. (Wang et al., 2006) Only 40% of eggs laid by ttk¹/ttk^1e11 mothers are wild-type,, the rest exhibit a dorsal appendage phenotype, 3% having only the nub of an appendage. (French et al., 2003) The second mitotic wave is normal in ttk^1e11 clones in the eye disc. (Baonza et al., 2002) Glia undergo ectopic rounds of replication in mutant embryos. Stage 12 embryos have 17.8 +/- 2.23 glia associated with the longitudinal connectives (compared to 9.9 +/- 0.76 in wild-type embryos). (Badenhorst, 2001) Homozygous clones in the adult eye cause degeneration of the corneal lens and a failure of photoreceptor development. Rhabdomeres of photoreceptors are not observed in clones, but residual cellular structures in the mutant ommatidia are still recognizable. Genetically mosaic ommatidia are not seen near the boundary of the clone. Ectopic neurons are not seen between or below the developing ommatidia in homozygous clones in third instar larvae. Larval eye development seems close to normal in the absence of ttk, although the ommatidial clusters in clones were somewhat disorganised. Cone cell development appears normal. In homozygous clones in the developing pupal eye, some cone cells failed to develop. Photoreceptors appear normal even up to midpupal stage. (Lai and Li, 1999) The number of lch5 neurons is approximately doubled in homozygous embryos. (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998) Neurons and sheath cells of es and ch organs are duplicated at the expense of support cells. There is no modification of md neurons, they are present in the normal number and pattern. (Vervoort et al., 1997) ttk^bose1/ttk^1e11 flies have extra R7 photoreceptor cells in some ommatidia. (Yamamoto et al., 1996) Embryonic development arrests before dorsal closure. Transformation of ommatidial cells into nonommatidial cell types in mosaic flies. (Xiong and Montell, 1993)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Suppressed by
Statement Reference ttk^1e11 has visible \| somatic clone phenotype, suppressible \| partially by lz^mr2 (Siddall et al., 2009)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of visible \| dominant phenotype of gcm^Pyx (Popkova et al., 2012) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of visible phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor \| maternal effect \| partially of lethal \| partially phenotype of Scer\GAL4^nos.PG, run^Scer\UAS.cLa (Wheeler et al., 2002) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement Reference ttk^1e11 has eye \| somatic clone phenotype, suppressible \| partially by lz^mr2 (Siddall et al., 2009) ttk^1e11 has interommatidial bristle \| somatic clone phenotype, suppressible \| partially by lz^mr2 (Siddall et al., 2009) ttk^1e11 has ommatidium \| somatic clone phenotype, suppressible \| partially by lz^mr2 (Siddall et al., 2009) ttk^1e11 has photoreceptor cell R7 \| supernumerary \| somatic clone \| third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by lz^77a7 (Siddall et al., 2009)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 3 & chaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 3 & tormogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 3 & trichogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 4 & chaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 4 & tormogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of adult abdominal segment 4 & trichogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is an enhancer of chaeta \| supernumerary phenotype of gcm^Pyx (Popkova et al., 2012)
NOT Enhancer of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a non-enhancer of wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype of h⁴¹ (Badenhorst et al., 2002)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of adult abdominal segment 3 & microchaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of adult abdominal segment 4 & microchaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of mesothoracic tergum & chaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of mesothoracic tergum & microchaeta phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of mesothoracic tergum & tormogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001) ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a suppressor of mesothoracic tergum & trichogen cell \| supernumerary phenotype of phyl²/phyl⁴ (Pi et al., 2001)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference ttk[+]/ttk^1e11 is a non-suppressor of wing margin bristle \| ectopic phenotype of h⁴¹ (Badenhorst et al., 2002)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The eye phenotype observed in ttk[1e11] clones is partially suppressed in a lz[mr2] mutant background. Ommatidial structures and sensory bristles are present, and the eye appears less scarred. No recruitment of R7 precursor cells is observed when ttk[1e11] mutant cells are generated in a lz[77a7] background. (Siddall et al., 2009) The addition of ttk^1e11/+ to h⁴¹/+ animals does not lead to a significant ectopic wing margin bristle phenotype. (Badenhorst et al., 2002) The partial lethality due to run^Scer\UAS.cLa; Scer\GAL4^nos.PG (3% viable) is partially suppressed by maternal heterozygosity for ttk^1e11 (rescues to 21% viable). (Wheeler et al., 2002)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Complements	ttk¹ (Lai and Li, 1999)
Partially complements	ttk¹ (French et al., 2003)
Fails to complement	ttk¹⁵⁰ (Horn et al., 2003) ttk^twp (French et al., 2003)
Partially rescued by	ttk^twp/ttk^1e11 is partially rescued by ttk^p69.Scer\UAS/Scer\GAL4^hs.PB (French et al., 2003)
Not rescued by	ttk^twp/ttk^1e11 is not rescued by ttk^p88.Scer\UAS/Scer\GAL4^hs.PB (French et al., 2003)
Comments	94% of the ommatidia in ttk¹/ttk^1e11 flies were wild-type, as opposed to 50-60% in ttk¹ homozygotes. (Lai and Li, 1999)
Stocks ( 3 )
Bloomington	4164 w^; ttk^1e11/TM3, ry^ Sb¹ 41754 w^*; P{neoFRT}82B ttk^1e11/TM6B, Tb¹
Kyoto	107607 w^; ttk^1e11/TM3, ry^ Sb¹
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Excision allele. (Giesen et al., 1997) Disrupts the mRNA encoding ttk protein p69 and p88. (Xiong and Montell, 1993)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Ttk^1e11 (Wheeler et al., 2002) ttk^1e11 (Wang et al., 2006, Jordan et al., 2006, Letizia et al., 2007, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Boyle and Berg, 2009, Siddall et al., 2009, Araujo et al., 2007, Walrad et al., 2011) ttk^1E11 (Technau et al., 2012) ttk^ie11 (Araujo et al., 2007) ttk^le11 (Merabet et al., 2002, Chen et al., 2009) ttk^lell (French et al., 2003, Pi et al., 2001)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 34 )

Generate a list of	All references relating to this allele ( 34 )

List References by type	Research paper ( 30 ) Personal communication to FlyBase ( 2 ) Abstract ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Popkova et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(12): e1003159 Polycomb controls gliogenesis by regulating the transient expression of the gcm/glide fate determinant. [FBrf0220515] Technau et al., 2012, Dev. Genes Evol. 222(1): 1--17 Molecular mechanisms of EGF signaling-dependent regulation of pipe, a gene crucial for dorsoventral axis formation in Drosophila. [FBrf0217623] Walrad et al., 2011, Mol. Biol. Cell 22(8): 1364--1374 Hairless is a cofactor for Runt-dependent transcriptional regulation. [FBrf0213441] Show all research papers ...

Allele Dmel\ttk1e11

Allele Dmel\ttk^1e11