Allele Dmel\so^mda

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\so^mda	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	medusa	FlyBase ID	FBal0039964
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\so

Map ( GBrowse )	Untitled Document
Allele class
Mutagen	P-element activity
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	P-element activity (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994, Kawakami et al., 2000)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References transposable element insertion site 2R:3,306,822..3,306,822 (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994, Kawakami et al., 2000)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference P-element insertion 26bp upstream of the start site of the 5' non coding portion of the major cDNA class. (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
Caused by insertion	P{ninaE⁺}so^mda (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994, Kawakami et al., 2000)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	behavior defective \| larval stage \| recessive (Busto et al., 1999) neuroanatomy defective (Malpel et al., 2002) phototaxis defective (Hassan et al., 2000)
Phenotype Manifest In
	Bolwig organ (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994) larval LN period neuron (Malpel et al., 2002) optic lobe (Malpel et al., 2002) photoreceptor cell (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994) visual primordium (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Third instar larvae have detectable dendritic arborisation of the lateral neurons in only 9% of cases. Optic lobes are completely missing in mutant animals and no retinal axons enter the brain, but eyelet cell boies and projections are present. (Malpel et al., 2002) Mutant larvae show no significant response to light (as measured by a "checker assay"). (Hassan et al., 2000) Wild-type larvae reduce their path lengths and show increased head swinging when exposed to light. This response is abolished in so^mda larvae. Wild-type larvae show a greater change in direction when lights are turned on or off (light (L) to dark (D), or D to L transition) than in the absence of a light transition (D to D). The amplitude of change of direction is greater for the D to L than for the L to D transition. The difference in the amplitude of change of direction at all transitions is abolished in so^mda larvae. (Busto et al., 1999) Aberrant development of the larval photoreceptor (Bolwigs) organ and the optic lobe primordium of the embryo. Adult photoreceptors fail to project axons into the optic ganglion, as a consequence optic lobe development is aborted and photoreceptor cells show age-dependent retinal degeneration and exhibit severe defects in the light evoked response. Peripheral regions of the eye show indentations or depressions. Heterozygotes with so¹ are wild type. (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	so^mda is rescued by so^hs.PA (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
Comments	Heat pulsing 4-8 year old embryos carrying so^hs.PA rescues the mutant eye and optic lobe phenotype, heat pulsing late in development fails to rescue the phenotype. (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Excision of the P-element causes reversion of the mutant phenotype to wild type. (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	so^mda
Name Synonym	medusa (Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994)
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 6 )
Research paper	Malpel et al., 2002, Development 129(6): 1443--1453 Larval optic nerve and adult extra-retinal photoreceptors sequentially associate with clock neurons during Drosophila brain development. [FBrf0144829] Hassan et al., 2000, Behav. Genet. 30(1): 59--69 Behavioral characterization and genetic analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster larval response to light as revealed by a novel individual assay. [FBrf0129852] Busto et al., 1999, J. Neurosci. 19(9): 3337--3344 Genetic dissection of behavior: modulation of locomotion by light in the Drosophila melanogaster larva requires genetically distinct visual system functions. [FBrf0108151] Goriely et al., 1996, Development 122(5): 1641--1650 A functional homologue of goosecoid in Drosophila. [FBrf0087230] Serikaku and O'Tousa, 1994, Genetics 138(4): 1137--1150 Sine oculis is a homeobox gene required for Drosophila visual system development. [FBrf0079386]
Review	Kawakami et al., 2000, BioEssays 22(7): 616--626 Six family genes-structure and function as transcription factors and their roles in development. [FBrf0128773]

Allele Dmel\somda

Allele Dmel\so^mda