Allele Dmel\gwl^scant

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\gwl^scant	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	greatwall<up>Scott of the antartic</up>	FlyBase ID	FBal0056190
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\gwl

Allele class	gain of function allele
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	gain of function allele (Archambault et al., 2007)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (White-Cooper et al., 1996, Archambault et al., 2007)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference A K97M amino acid substitution results in a hyperactive kinase with altered specificity in vitro. (Archambault et al., 2007) Amino acid replacement: K97M. (Archambault et al., 2007) Nucleotide substitution: A?T. (Archambault et al., 2007)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	female sterile (White-Cooper et al., 1996) viable (White-Cooper et al., 1996)
Phenotype Manifest In
	embryonic/larval brain (White-Cooper et al., 1996)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Transheterozygotes are female sterile, exhibit no cuticular, testis or premeiotic defects but do exhibit a mutant brain phenotype. Transheterozygotes with polo exhibit very low fertility. Transheterozygous stage 9 or 10 embryos exhibit few nuclei on one half of the embryo suggesting defects in nuclear migration, mitosis or both during the early division cycles. (White-Cooper et al., 1996)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Other
Statement Reference +/Df(2L)ED12527, gwl^scant has partially lethal - majority die \| dominant \| maternal effect \| embryonic stage phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) Df(2L)ED1315/+, gwl^scant has partially lethal - majority die \| dominant \| maternal effect \| embryonic stage phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) Df(3L)ED4483/+, gwl^scant has partially lethal - majority die \| dominant \| maternal effect \| embryonic stage phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) Df(3L)ED4486/+, gwl^scant has partially lethal - majority die \| dominant \| maternal effect \| embryonic stage phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) Df(3R)ED5330/+, gwl^scant has partially lethal - majority die \| dominant \| maternal effect \| embryonic stage phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) Df(3R)ED5474/+, gwl^scant has lethal \| dominant \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) gwl^scant, mts^XE-2258/mts[+] has lethal \| dominant \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect phenotype (Wang et al., 2011) gwl^scant, polo¹ has mitotic cell cycle defective phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has lethal phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has mitotic cell cycle defective phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, tws[+]/tws^j11C8 has lethal \| dominant \| embryonic stage \| maternal effect phenotype (Wang et al., 2011)
Phenotype Manifest In
Other
Statement Reference gwl^scant, polo¹ has centrosome \| embryonic stage 4 phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹ has spindle phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has centrosome phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has egg phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has spindle phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007) gwl^scant, polo¹¹ has syncytial blastoderm embryo phenotype (Archambault et al., 2007)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The embryos resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(3R)ED5474/+ mothers and wild-type fathers fail to hatch. Compared with wild-type controls, a lower than expected proportion of the embryos hatch resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(2L)ED12527/+ mothers and wild-type fathers. Compared with wild-type controls, a lower than expected proportion of the embryos hatch resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(2L)ED1315/+ mothers and wild-type fathers. Compared with wild-type controls, a lower than expected proportion of the embryos hatch resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(3L)ED4483/+ mothers and wild-type fathers. Compared with wild-type controls, a lower than expected proportion of the embryos hatch resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(3L)ED4486/+ mothers and wild-type fathers. Compared with wild-type controls, a lower than expected proportion of the embryos hatch resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, Df(3R)ED5330/+ mothers and wild-type fathers. The embryos resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, mts[XE-2258]/+ mothers and wild-type fathers fail to hatch. The embryos resulting from the cross between gwl[scant]/+, tws[j11C8]/+ mothers and wild-type fathers fail to hatch. (Wang et al., 2011) polo[1] gwl[scant] double heterozygous females produce 4% as many progeny as controls. polo[1] gwl[scant] mitotic nuclei exhibit centrosomal loss in just under approximately 60% of syncytial embryos. polo[1] gwl[scant] double heterozygous females produce embryos that frequently display centrosome disassociation from one pole. There is a slight but significant increase in defective spindles in embryos derived from polo[1] gwl[scant] mutants compared to controls, indicating that a single mutant copy of these genes in mothers leads to mitotic defects at a low frequency. However, these embryos always hatch and develop fully, indicating that such low frequencies of defects can be tolerated. Females heterozygous for both polo[11] and gwl[scant] lay eggs that die during development. These females lay normal numbers of eggs that do not hatch but do begin to develop and turn brown. polo[11] gwl[scant] mitotic nuclei exhibit centrosomal loss in approximately 90% of syncytial embryos. polo[11] gwl[scant] double heterozygous females produce embryos that frequently display centrosome disassociation from one pole. There is a slight but significant increase in defective spindles in embryos derived from polo[11] gwl[scant] mutants compared to controls, indicating that a single mutant copy of these genes in mothers leads to mitotic defects at a low frequency. polo[11] gwl[scant] double heterozygous-derived embryos show an initial detachment of one centrosome early in mitosis, before nuclear envelope breakdown. The free centrosome drifts away from the nucleus, and astral microtubule formation usually appears normal, though there is no asymmetric microtubule enhancement. A half-spindle is established by microtubules forming connections between the chromosomes and the centrosome still associated with the nuclear envelope. However, spindle bipolarity is often attained by microtubules growing from the chromosomes outwards. If a free centrosome is sufficiently close to this second half-spindle, it can reattach it to form a normal bipolar spindle containing two centrosomes and nuclear division completes normally. However, if the free centrosome drifts too far away from its spindle, it cannot be recaptured, and the monoastral spindle that forms initially is unfocussed at the pole lacking a centrosome. In some cases, monoastral bipolar spindles fuse with neighboring spindles and degenerate to give interconnecting arrays of microtubules. In other cases, the acentrosomal pole eventually focuses and anaphase occurs. (Archambault et al., 2007)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Phenotype assayed in trans with a multiple mutant chromosome carrying mutations of polo, mgr, asp, stg and gnu. (White-Cooper et al., 1996)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	gwl^scant gwl^Scant (Wang et al., 2011) Scant (Archambault et al., 2007) scant¹
Name Synonym	greatwall<up>Scott of the antartic</up> Scott of the antartic (Archambault et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 3 )
Research paper	Wang et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(8): e1002227 PP2A-Twins Is Antagonized by Greatwall and Collaborates with Polo for Cell Cycle Progression and Centrosome Attachment to Nuclei in Drosophila Embryos. [FBrf0214683] Archambault et al., 2007, PLoS Genet. 3(11): e200 Mutations in Drosophila Greatwall/Scant reveal its roles in mitosis and meiosis and interdependence with polo kinase. [FBrf0202769] White-Cooper et al., 1996, Genetics 144(3): 1097--1111 Mutations in new cell cycle genes that fail to complement a multiply mutant third chromosome of Drosophila. [FBrf0090856]

Allele Dmel\gwlscant

Allele Dmel\gwl^scant