abnormal cell polarity | somatic clone (with dsD36)
increased size | adult stage (with ds38k)
lethal (with Df(2L)ED94)
viable (with Df(2L)ED94)
visible (with ds38k), with dsAct5C.EGFP
visible (with ds38k), with dsSAx3.Act5C.EGFP
visible (with ds38k), with dsSDx3.Act5C.EGFP
visible | adult stage (with dsCr+:V5)
visible | adult stage (with dsCr+)
visible | adult stage (with dsCrΔA:V5)
visible | adult stage (with dsCrΔC:V5)
visible | adult stage (with dsCrΔD:V5)
visible | adult stage (with dsCrΔF:V5)
visible | adult stage (with dsD36)
visible | adult stage (with dsYAC41)
visible | adult stage (with dsΔEx12)
costal vein | ectopic (with ds38k)
eye disc | somatic clone (with dsD36)
eye equator (with ds38k)
humeral sclerite | ectopic (with ds38k)
leg (with dsCrΔICD:V5)
microtubule (with ds38k)
ommatidium (with ds38k)
ommatidium | adult stage (with ds38k)
wing (with Df(2L)ED87)
wing (with ds38k), with dsAct5C.EGFP
wing (with ds38k), with dsSAx3.Act5C.EGFP
wing (with ds38k), with dsSDx3.Act5C.EGFP
wing (with dsCrDΔII:V5)
wing (with dsCrΔICD:V5)
wing blade (with ds05142)
wing hinge (with ds38k)
wing hinge | posterior (with ds38k)
wing margin | anterior | ectopic (with ds38k)
Expression of dsΔECD.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4hh.PU in a dsUAO71 mutant background produces wing disc tissue overgrowth, particularly in the hinge region.
dsUAO71/ds38k flies have abnormally shaped wings, but wing area is not much altered compared to controls. The flies have a planar polarity phenotype in the wing.
Flies expressing dsAct5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in a dsUAO71/ds38k background show a reduction in wing area compared to wild type.
Flies expressing dsSAx3.Act5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in a dsUAO71/ds38k background show a reduction in wing area compared to wild type.
ds38k/dsUAO71 wings show a planar cell polarity phenotype; reverse orientation and swirling of wing hairs is seen in the proximal region of the wing with high penetrance.
ds38k/dsUAO71 animals show defects in the directional preferences of growing microtubules in mutant wing cells compared to wild type; growing microtubules fail to converge along the proximodistal axis as strongly as in wild type. The distally biased asymmetry of microtubule growth that is seen in the wild-type is substantially weakened in the mutant at the anterior crossvein and at the L3-1 location (position of the most proximal dorsal campaniform sensillum on vein L3) at 24 hours after puparium formation (APF). In addition, plus end-proximal microtubules are more abundant at the L3-3 location (position of the most distal dorsal campaniform sensillum on vein L3) in the mutants at 24 hours APF (microtubule polarity is symmetrical at this position in wild-type flies at this stage).
dsUAO71 mutants exhibit largely depolarized denticle belts.
dsUAO71 larvae show mild wing disc overgrowth.
The orientation of cell division is randomized in ds36D/dsUAO71 mitotic clones in wing discs. Therefore, in contrast to wild-type postmitotic cells, ds36D/dsUAO71 postmitotic cells do not show any preferential orientation. Mitotic recombination clones in ds36D/dsUAO71 mutant wings show a rounded shape, instead of the elongated shape seen in wild-type clones. At the adult stage, ds36D/dsUAO71 wings are shorter, rounder and wider than wild type. Likewise, ds36D/dsUAO71 mitotic clones in eye discs show a defective shape and preferential orientations of cell divisions are lost. Resulting adult eyes are rounder than wild type. ds36D/dsUAO71 flies also have shorter, wider legs than wild-type flies.
Occasionally in ds38k/dsUAO71 escapers, the wing is replaced by a winglet and, posterior to it, a lateral protuberance that looks like an scutum and scutellum. The winglet is composed of proximal anterior structures arranged in a mirror-image duplication. The smallest examples of these winglets consist of a mirror image duplication of anterior hinge structures - the tegula and humeral sclerite. Larger examples also have a rudimentary wing blade consisting of a mirror image duplication of anterior structures - the costa and anterior wing margin.
ds38k/dsUAO71 flies have disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k/dsUAO71 background have a normal overall pattern of polarisation in the eye; an equator can easily be discerned. 97.6% of ommatidia are correctly constructed and rotated in these animals. Expression of dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4fj-VG1 in a ds38k/dsUAO71 background results in eyes with disorganised ommatidial polarity.
Planar polarity is disrupted in dsUAO71 eyes; dorsal and ventral ommatidia are intermixed and no obvious equatorial line can be drawn.
Homozygous clones in the eye can non-autonomously affect the planar polarity of wild-type ommatidia on the equatorial side of the clone. Polarity is also affected within the clone.
In the abdomen of dsUAO71 mutant flies, the anterior parts of the anterior compartments are fairly normal, but much of the rest of the anterior and posterior compartments is affected by whorls. In addition, hair orientation in the back half of the P compartments, both dorsal and ventral, is reversed In the tergites, dsUAO71 somatic clones are characterized by whorling hairs within the clone. In the anterior compartments clones cause some swirly repolarization of the hairs in front of the clone, but not behind. In the posterior compartments clones induce clear reversal of hairs behind the clone without affecting the front. Those clones situated at the compartment boundary reorient hairs outside the clone, both anterior to the clone and posterior to it. Hairs within the clone are more whorly than with fj expressing clones.
The wings of ds33k/dsUAO71 animals have a trichome swirling pattern that is distinct from that due to fz15/fz25. In ds33k/dsUAO71 wings, trichomes form on cell edges. The dorsal-ventral polarity of ommatidia in ds38k/dsUAO71 flies is partially randomised. Defects in anterior-posterior ommatidial polarity or randomised rotation are not seen.
About 40% of ommatidia in homozygous mutant clones show reversed polarity. When homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursor, almost all (87%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, about half (43%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor 68% of the time (50% in wild-type). The eyes of homozygous mutant or dsUAO71/ds38k escapers have eyes with ommatidia that randomly adopt either dorsal or ventral polarity. Homozygous dsUAO71 mutant clones also display ommatidial polarity defects, both within the clone and in neighbouring wild-type tissue along the equatorial border of the clone.
Homozygous clones in the wing have a tissue polarity phenotype. Rare homozygous adult flies have shortened wings with misplaced and severely eroded crossveins, a short fat body and severely distorted legs. ds33k/dsUAO71 flies have reduced viability, with only approximately half the expected number of adults emerging. Most of the adults that emerge quickly get stuck in the food and die. These flies also have a severely distorted body shape. ds33k/dsUAO71 flies have a wing tissue polarity phenotype similar to that of dsUAO71 homozygotes and hemizygotes. There is a region at the anterior margin with a swirl of partially reversed polarity hairs. In the anterior/central proximal part of the wing blade there are regions of completely reversed polarity (hairs pointing proximally). These regions are separated from regions of relatively normal polarity by a region of swirling. The polarity disruptions are more severe on the ventral surface of the wing than the dorsal surface. Prehairs initiate in the vicinity of the distal vertex of the wing cells (as in wild-type) in wing regions of ds33k/dsUAO71 flies that do not show substantial polarity alterations. In most regions with abnormal polarity, prehairs initiate at an alternative location along the cell periphery. In the regions with reversed polarity, prehairs initiate at the proximal-most vertex, while in regions where hair polarity is close to random and in the regions at the centre of swirls, prehairs initiate in the central regions of the cells. Approximately half the wings of dsUAO71/ds1 flies have a very weak tissue polarity phenotype, consisting of a couple of multiple hair cells and/or a small region of polarity disruption in the proximal part of the wing.
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, ft15, ftUAS.cMa has abnormal planar polarity | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable | somatic clone by fjUAS.cZa/Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
dsUAO71 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, enhanceable by ft15
ds1/dsUAO71 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, enhanceable by fjd1/fjd1
dsUAO71 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype, non-enhanceable by Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1/fzUAS.cZa
dsUAO71, ft8/ftG-rv has increased size | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by dachsGC13
dsUAO71, ft8/ftG-rv has increased size | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by app12-3/app12-3
dsUAO71, ft8/ftG-rv has increased size | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by DlishY003/DlishY003
Scer\GAL4hh.PU, dsΔECD.UAS, dsUAO71 has increased cell number phenotype, suppressible | partially by wapRNAi.UAS.cUa/Scer\GAL4hh.PU
ds38k/dsUAO71 has increased size | adult stage phenotype, suppressible by dachs1/dachsGC13
ds38k/dsUAO71 has abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by dachs1/dachsGC13
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, dsecto.UAS, ft15 has abnormal planar polarity | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype, suppressible | somatic clone by fjUAS.cZa/Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
dsUAO71/dsUAO71 is an enhancer of increased size | larval stage phenotype of ft8/ftG-rv
dsUAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, dgoUAS.cFa
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of ft12/ft15
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of abnormal size | third instar larval stage phenotype of ft8/ftG-rv
ds1/dsUAO71 is an enhancer of abnormal planar polarity phenotype of fjd1
dsUAO71/dsYAC41 is a non-enhancer of visible | adult stage phenotype of inIH56
dsUAO71/dsYAC41 is a non-enhancer of abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype of inIH56
ds38k/dsUAO71 is a non-enhancer of abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype of dachs1/dachsGC13
dsUAO71 is a suppressor of abnormal cell polarity | somatic clone phenotype of ftG-rv
ds38k/dsUAO71 is a non-suppressor of abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype of dachs1/dachsGC13
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has visible | adult stage phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has abnormal planar polarity | adult stage phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has abnormal size | adult stage phenotype
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, dsecto.UAS, ft15 has abnormal planar polarity | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, ft15, ftUAS.cMa has abnormal planar polarity | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype
dsUAO71/Df(2L)ED94, lftTG2 has lethal phenotype
ds38k/dsUAO71, fjN7/fjd1 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype
ds1/dsUAO71, fjd1 has abnormal planar polarity phenotype
dsUAO71, fjN7 has abnormal cell polarity | somatic clone phenotype
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, ft15, ftUAS.cMa has trichome & tergite | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable | somatic clone by fjUAS.cZa/Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
dsUAO71 has ventral denticle belt phenotype, enhanceable by ft15
dsUAO71 has denticle row 5 phenotype, enhanceable by ft15
dsUAO71 has denticle row 6 phenotype, enhanceable by ft15
Scer\GAL4hh.PU, dsΔECD.UAS, dsUAO71 has wing disc phenotype, suppressible | partially by wapRNAi.UAS.cUa/Scer\GAL4hh.PU
ds38k/dsUAO71 has ommatidium | adult stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by dachs1/dachsGC13
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, dsecto.UAS, ft15 has trichome & tergite | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible | somatic clone by fjUAS.cZa/Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
dsUAO71 has photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by fjN7
dsUAO71 has photoreceptor cell R4 | ectopic | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by fjN7
dsUAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, dgoUAS.cFa
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of ventral denticle belt phenotype of ft12/ft15
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of denticle row 5 phenotype of ft12/ft15
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of denticle row 6 phenotype of ft12/ft15
dsUAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of crossvein phenotype of fjt14.Tag:Golgi(hGALNT3)
dsUAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of wing phenotype of fjt14.Tag:Golgi(hGALNT3)
dsUAO71 is an enhancer of phenotype of fzunspecified
dsUAO71/dsYAC41 is a non-enhancer of abdominal sternite bristle phenotype of inIH56
dsUAO71/ds[+] is a non-enhancer of wing hair phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, dgoUAS.cFa
dsUAO71 is a non-enhancer of interommatidial bristle | somatic clone phenotype of ft422
dsUAO71 is a non-enhancer of pigment cell | somatic clone phenotype of ft422
dsUAO71 is a non-enhancer of eye | somatic clone phenotype of ft422
dsUAO71 is a suppressor | partially of wing disc phenotype of Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4, ftΔICD.UAS.Tag:HA
dsUAO71 is a suppressor of ommatidium | somatic clone phenotype of ftG-rv
dsUAO71 is a suppressor of photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype of ftG-rv
dsUAO71 is a suppressor of photoreceptor cell R4 | ectopic | somatic clone phenotype of ftG-rv
dsUAO71/ds[+] is a non-suppressor of wing hair phenotype of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev, dgoUAS.cFa
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has wing phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has leg phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has posterior crossvein phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has crossvein phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has adult hindgut phenotype
ds::Hsap\DCHS1CrDCHS1:V5, dsUAO71 has segment of leg | decreased number phenotype
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, dsecto.UAS, ft15 has trichome & tergite | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, dsUAO71, ft15, ftUAS.cMa has trichome & tergite | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype
ds38k/dsUAO71, fjN7/fjd1 has wing blade phenotype
ds1/dsUAO71, fjd1 has ommatidium phenotype
ds1/dsUAO71, fjd1 has posterior crossvein phenotype
dsUAO71, fjN7 has ommatidium | somatic clone phenotype
dsUAO71, fjN7 has photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype
dsUAO71, fjN7 has photoreceptor cell R4 | ectopic | somatic clone phenotype
Expression of wapVDRC.cUa substantially suppresses the wing disc morphological defects seen when dsΔECD.Scer\UAS is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4hh.PU in a dsUAO71 mutant background.
The overgrowth of the wing disc caused by expression of ftΔICD.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4 is partially suppressed in a dsUAO71 background.
dsUAO71/+ enhances the ommatidial rotation defects induced by the overexpression of dgoScer\UAS.cFa under the control of Scer\GAL4hs.2sev.
dsUAO71 ft15 double mutant clones in the dorsal adult abdomen where the clones are also expressing dsecto.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL strongly repolarise hairs behind the clone, reversing their polarity (100% of clones repolarise with a maximum range of up to seven cells). This repolarisation is largely suppressed by co-expression of fjScer\UAS.cZa within the clone (48% of clones show some repolarisation with a range of one to three cells).
dsUAO71 ft15 double mutant clones in the dorsal adult abdomen where the clones are also expressing ftScer\UAS.cMa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL cause repolarisation in front of the clones, so that hairs point away from the clone (64% of clones repolarise with a maximum range of seven cells). Co-expression of fjScer\UAS.cZa within these clones strengthens the repolarisation (95% of clones repolarise with a maximum range of seven cells).
Adding fjp1/fjd1 has little effect on the wing area of dsUAO71/ds38k flies.
Adding fjp1/fjd1 dramatically reduces the wing area of flies expressing dsAct5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in a dsUAO71/ds38k background.
Adding fjp1/fjd1 has no effect on the wing area of flies expressing dsSAx3.Act5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in a dsUAO71/ds38k background.
Adding fjp1/fjd1 has no effect on the wing area of flies expressing dsSDx3.Act5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in a dsUAO71/ds38k background.
dsUAO71 ft15 double mutants exhibit largely depolarized denticle belts (with rows 5 and 6 more disturbed than in dsUAO71 mutants). In addition to the orientation defects, the rows partially lose their distinctive characteristics.
Expression of fzScer\UAS.cZa in dsUAO71 larvae under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 does not affect denticle belt polarity.
ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 flies have disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing both fjScer\UAS.cZa and dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing fjScer\UAS.cZa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4fj-VG1 in a dsUAO71 fjVG1/ds38k fjN7 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; the eye contains a clearly perceptible equator in which most of the nearby ommatidia are reversed in polarity and thus point away from the equator. Flies expressing both fjScer\UAS.cZa and dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 background have normal polarity throughout the wing blade with the exception of a small region along the anterior proximal margin of the wing, where a small swirl is often present. Flies expressing dsScer\UAS.P\T.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL in a ds38k fjN7/dsUAO71 fjd1 background have normal polarity throughout the wing blade with the exception of a small region along the anterior proximal margin of the wing, where a small swirl is often present.
Unlike either single mutant, 'fjd1 ds1/fjd1 dsUAO71' flies completely lack a posterior crossvein and have defects in wing hair polarity. 16% of ommatidia in these double mutants are inverted compared to less than 1% in either single mutant. The number of ommatidial inversions in ds1/dsUAO71 flies is also enhanced by fjunspecified/+. Reduction in the distance between anterior and posterior cross-veins in fjt14.T:Hsap\GALNT3 flies is enhanced by dsUAO71/+.
When ftG-rv/dsUAO71 homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursor, most (64%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, almost all (97.5%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R4 photoreceptor 80% of the time (50% in wild-type). When dsUAO71 homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursors of fjN7 mutant flies, almost all (92%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, most (73%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor 85% of the time (50% in wild-type). When fjN7 homozygous mutant clones are made in the R3/R4 precursors of dsUAO71 mutant flies, The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor half of the time (50% in wild-type). When fjN7 homozygous mutant clones are made in the R3/R4 precursors of dsUAO71 mutant flies, The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor half of the time (50% in wild-type).
The distinctive ds polarity phenotype of ds33k/dsUAO71 flies (regions of reversed polarity on the wing) is suppressed by expression of fzI.hs 24 hours after white prepupa formation using a 1 hour heat shock. The appendage shape abnormalities and wing vein placement abnormalities are not suppressed. The domineering nonautonomy of fz1 clones is enhanced by dsUAO71/ds33k.
ds38k/dsUAO71 is partially rescued by dsAct5C.EGFP
The planar polarity defects seen in the wings of dsUAO71/ds38k animals are almost completely rescued by dsAct5C.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP.
Separable from: TBCD1
The DL1 olfactory projection neuron (PN) defects observed on the dsUAO71 chromosome are caused by a second-site mutation, TBCD1 : a ds rescue construct is unable to rescue the construct, the PN phenotypes and ds mutation can be genetically segregated using meiotic recombination, and another strong ds mutant does not show any defects in PN morphology.
Analysis of ds33k/dsUAO71 clones shows that ds displays domineering cell nonautonomy.