Allele Dmel\ds^UAO71

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ds^UAO71	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0089339
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Associated gene	Dmel\ds

Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Adler et al., 1998)
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Assay mode
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal \| recessive (Yang et al., 2002) visible (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) visible \| recessive (Adler et al., 1998) size defective \| third instar larval stage (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006) cell shape defective \| somatic clone (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) cell polarity defective (Yang et al., 2002, Casal et al., 2002) cell polarity defective \| cell non-autonomous \| somatic clone (Yang et al., 2002, Casal et al., 2002) cell polarity defective \| somatic clone (Yang et al., 2002) cell polarity defective \| somatic clone (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005, Baena-Lopez, 2005) tissue polarity defective (Adler et al., 1998) tissue polarity defective (with ds^33k) (Strutt and Strutt, 2002) tissue polarity defective (with ds^38k) (Simon, 2004) tissue polarity defective \| somatic clone (Adler et al., 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
	ommatidium (with ds^38k) (Simon, 2004) eye equator (with ds^38k) (Simon, 2004) wing (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) tegula \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) humeral sclerite \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) wing hinge (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) costal vein \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) wing margin \| anterior \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) wing \| posterior (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) wing hinge \| posterior (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) scutum \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) scutellum \| ectopic (with ds^38k) (Rodriguez, 2004) wing hair (with ds^33k) (Strutt and Strutt, 2002) wing (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) leg (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) eye (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) dorsal mesothoracic disc \| somatic clone (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005, Baena-Lopez, 2005) eye disc \| somatic clone (with ds^36D) (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) wing (Adler et al., 1998) crossvein (Adler et al., 1998) adult fat body (Adler et al., 1998) leg (Adler et al., 1998) wing hair (Adler et al., 1998) wing \| proximal (Adler et al., 1998) photoreceptor cell R3 \| somatic clone (Yang et al., 2002) photoreceptor cell R4 \| ectopic \| somatic clone (Yang et al., 2002) ommatidium (Yang et al., 2002) ommatidium \| somatic clone (Yang et al., 2002) abdominal tergite (Casal et al., 2002) adult cuticle (Casal et al., 2002) microchaeta (Casal et al., 2002) macrochaeta (Casal et al., 2002) abdominal tergite \| cell non-autonomous \| somatic clone (Casal et al., 2002) adult cuticle \| cell non-autonomous \| somatic clone (Casal et al., 2002) microchaeta \| cell non-autonomous \| somatic clone (Casal et al., 2002) macrochaeta \| cell non-autonomous \| somatic clone (Casal et al., 2002) dorsal mesothoracic disc (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Homozygous clones in the wing have a tissue polarity phenotype. Rare homozygous adult flies have shortened wings with misplaced and severely eroded crossveins, a short fat body and severely distorted legs. ds^33k/ds^UAO71 flies have reduced viability, with only approximately half the expected number of adults emerging. Most of the adults that emerge quickly get stuck in the food and die. These flies also have a severely distorted body shape. ds^33k/ds^UAO71 flies have a wing tissue polarity phenotype similar to that of ds^UAO71 homozygotes and hemizygotes. There is a region at the anterior margin with a swirl of partially reversed polarity hairs. In the anterior/central proximal part of the wing blade there are regions of completely reversed polarity (hairs pointing proximally). These regions are separated from regions of relatively normal polarity by a region of swirling. The polarity disruptions are more severe on the ventral surface of the wing than the dorsal surface. Prehairs initiate in the vicinity of the distal vertex of the wing cells (as in wild-type) in wing regions of ds^33k/ds^UAO71 flies that do not show substantial polarity alterations. In most regions with abnormal polarity, prehairs initiate at an alternative location along the cell periphery. In the regions with reversed polarity, prehairs initiate at the proximal-most vertex, while in regions where hair polarity is close to random and in the regions at the centre of swirls, prehairs initiate in the central regions of the cells. Approximately half the wings of ds^UAO71/ds¹ flies have a very weak tissue polarity phenotype, consisting of a couple of multiple hair cells and/or a small region of polarity disruption in the proximal part of the wing. (Adler et al., 1998) About 40% of ommatidia in homozygous mutant clones show reversed polarity. When homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursor, almost all (87%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, about half (43%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor 68% of the time (50% in wild-type). The eyes of homozygous mutant or ds^UAO71/ds^38k escapers have eyes with ommatidia that randomly adopt either dorsal or ventral polarity. Homozygous ds^UAO71 mutant clones also display ommatidial polarity defects, both within the clone and in neighbouring wild-type tissue along the equatorial border of the clone. (Yang et al., 2002) In the abdomen of ds^UAO71 mutant flies, the anterior parts of the anterior compartments are fairly normal, but much of the rest of the anterior and posterior compartments is affected by whorls. In addition, hair orientation in the back half of the P compartments, both dorsal and ventral, is reversed In the tergites, ds^UAO71 somatic clones are characterized by whorling hairs within the clone. In the anterior compartments clones cause some swirly repolarization of the hairs in front of the clone, but not behind. In the posterior compartments clones induce clear reversal of hairs behind the clone without affecting the front. Those clones situated at the compartment boundary reorient hairs outside the clone, both anterior to the clone and posterior to it. Hairs within the clone are more whorly than with fj expressing clones. (Casal et al., 2002) The wings of ds^33k/ds^UAO71 animals have a trichome swirling pattern that is distinct from that due to fz¹⁵/fz²⁵. In ds^33k/ds^UAO71 wings, trichomes form on cell edges. The dorsal-ventral polarity of ommatidia in ds^38k/ds^UAO71 flies is partially randomised. Defects in anterior-posterior ommatidial polarity or randomised rotation are not seen. (Strutt and Strutt, 2002) Occasionally in ds^38k/ds^UAO71 escapers, the wing is replaced by a winglet and, posterior to it, a lateral protuberance that looks like an scutum and scutellum. The winglet is composed of proximal anterior structures arranged in a mirror-image duplication. The smallest examples of these winglets consist of a mirror image duplication of anterior hinge structures - the tegula and humeral sclerite. Larger examples also have a rudimentary wing blade consisting of a mirror image duplication of anterior structures - the costa and anterior wing margin. (Rodriguez, 2004) ds^38k/ds^UAO71 flies have disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k/ds^UAO71 background have a normal overall pattern of polarisation in the eye; an equator can easily be discerned. 97.6% of ommatidia are correctly constructed and rotated in these animals. Expression of ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^fj-VG1 in a ds^38k/ds^UAO71 background results in eyes with disorganised ommatidial polarity. (Simon, 2004) The orientation of cell division is randomized in ds^36D/ds^UAO71 mitotic clones in wing discs. Therefore, in contrast to wild-type postmitotic cells, ds^36D/ds^UAO71 postmitotic cells do not show any preferential orientation. Mitotic recombination clones in ds^36D/ds^UAO71 mutant wings show a rounded shape, instead of the elongated shape seen in wild-type clones. At the adult stage, ds^36D/ds^UAO71 wings are shorter, rounder and wider than wild type. Likewise, ds^36D/ds^UAO71 mitotic clones in eye discs show a defective shape and preferential orientations of cell divisions are lost. Resulting adult eyes are rounder than wild type. ds^36D/ds^UAO71 flies also have shorter, wider legs than wild-type flies. (Baena-Lopez et al., 2005) Postmitotic orientation is randomized in ds^36D/ds^UAO71 clones in the wing disc. (Baena-Lopez, 2005) ds[UAO71] larvae show mild wing disc overgrowth. (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference ds¹/ds^UAO71 has tissue polarity defective phenotype, enhanceable by fj^d1/fj^d1 (Strutt et al., 2004)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference ds^UAO71 has visible \| recessive phenotype, suppressible by fz^I.hs (Adler et al., 1998)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ds¹/ds^UAO71 is an enhancer of tissue polarity defective phenotype of fj^d1 (Strutt et al., 2004) ds^UAO71 is an enhancer of size defective \| third instar larval stage phenotype of ft⁸/ft^G-rv (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference ds^UAO71 is a suppressor \| partially of cell polarity defective \| somatic clone phenotype of ft^G-rv (Yang et al., 2002)
Other
Statement Reference ds^38k/ds^UAO71, fj^N7/fj^d1 has tissue polarity defective phenotype (Simon, 2004, Simon, 2004) ds^UAO71, fj^N7 has cell polarity defective \| somatic clone phenotype (Yang et al., 2002, Yang et al., 2002) ds¹/ds^UAO71, fj^d1 has tissue polarity defective phenotype (Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004)
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
Statement Reference ds¹/ds^UAO71 has wing phenotype, enhanceable by fj^d1/fj^d1 (Strutt et al., 2004)
Suppressed by
Statement Reference ds^UAO71 has photoreceptor cell R3 \| somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by fj^N7 (Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71 has photoreceptor cell R4 \| somatic clone \| ectopic phenotype, suppressible by fj^N7 (Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71 has wing phenotype, suppressible by fz^I.hs (Adler et al., 1998) ds^UAO71 has wing hair phenotype, suppressible by fz^I.hs (Adler et al., 1998)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference ds^UAO71 is an enhancer of phenotype of fz^unspecified (Adler et al., 1998) ds¹/ds^UAO71 is an enhancer of wing phenotype of fj^d1 (Strutt et al., 2004) ds^UAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of crossvein phenotype of fj^{t14.T:Hsap\GALNT3} (Strutt et al., 2004) ds^UAO71/ds[+] is an enhancer of wing phenotype of fj^{t14.T:Hsap\GALNT3} (Strutt et al., 2004) ds^UAO71 is an enhancer of dorsal mesothoracic disc phenotype of ft⁸/ft^G-rv (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference ds^UAO71 is a suppressor \| partially of ommatidium \| somatic clone phenotype of ft^G-rv (Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71 is a suppressor \| partially of photoreceptor cell R3 \| somatic clone phenotype of ft^G-rv (Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71 is a suppressor \| partially of photoreceptor cell R4 \| somatic clone \| ectopic phenotype of ft^G-rv (Yang et al., 2002)
Other
Statement Reference ds^38k/ds^UAO71, fj^N7/fj^d1 has wing blade phenotype (Simon, 2004, Simon, 2004) ds^UAO71, fj^N7 has ommatidium \| somatic clone phenotype (Yang et al., 2002, Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71, fj^N7 has photoreceptor cell R3 \| somatic clone phenotype (Yang et al., 2002, Yang et al., 2002) ds^UAO71, fj^N7 has photoreceptor cell R4 \| somatic clone \| ectopic phenotype (Yang et al., 2002, Yang et al., 2002) ds¹/ds^UAO71, fj^d1 has posterior crossvein phenotype (Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004) ds¹/ds^UAO71, fj^d1 has wing hair phenotype (Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004) ds¹/ds^UAO71, fj^d1 has ommatidium phenotype (Strutt et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The distinctive ds polarity phenotype of ds^33k/ds^UAO71 flies (regions of reversed polarity on the wing) is suppressed by expression of fz^I.hs 24 hours after white prepupa formation using a 1 hour heat shock. The appendage shape abnormalities and wing vein placement abnormalities are not suppressed. The domineering nonautonomy of fz¹ clones is enhanced by ds^UAO71/ds^33k. (Adler et al., 1998) When ft^G-rv/ds^UAO71 homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursor, most (64%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, almost all (97.5%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R4 photoreceptor 80% of the time (50% in wild-type). When ds^UAO71 homozygous mutant clones are made specifically in the equatorial R3/R4 precursors of fj^N7 mutant flies, almost all (92%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the wild-type polarity. When clones are made specifically in the polar R3/R4 precursor, most (73%) of the consequent ommatidia are in the reverse polarity. The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor 85% of the time (50% in wild-type). When fj^N7 homozygous mutant clones are made in the R3/R4 precursors of ds^UAO71 mutant flies, The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor half of the time (50% in wild-type). When fj^N7 homozygous mutant clones are made in the R3/R4 precursors of ds^UAO71 mutant flies, The mutant photoreceptor precursor eventually becomes an R3 photoreceptor half of the time (50% in wild-type). (Yang et al., 2002) Unlike either single mutant, 'fj^d1 ds¹/fj^d1 ds^UAO71' flies completely lack a posterior crossvein and have defects in wing hair polarity. 16% of ommatidia in these double mutants are inverted compared to less than 1% in either single mutant. The number of ommatidial inversions in ds¹/ds^UAO71 flies is also enhanced by fj^unspecified/+. Reduction in the distance between anterior and posterior cross-veins in fj^{t14.T:Hsap\GALNT3} flies is enhanced by ds^UAO71/+. (Strutt et al., 2004) ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 flies have disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing both fj^Scer\UAS.cZa and ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing fj^Scer\UAS.cZa under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; no obvious equator is present. Flies expressing ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^fj-VG1 in a ds^UAO71 fj^VG1/ds^38k fj^N7 background have a disorganised ommatidial polarity; the eye contains a clearly perceptible equator in which most of the nearby ommatidia are reversed in polarity and thus point away from the equator. Flies expressing both fj^Scer\UAS.cZa and ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 background have normal polarity throughout the wing blade with the exception of a small region along the anterior proximal margin of the wing, where a small swirl is often present. Flies expressing ds^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cSa} under the control of Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL in a ds^38k fj^N7/ds^UAO71 fj^d1 background have normal polarity throughout the wing blade with the exception of a small region along the anterior proximal margin of the wing, where a small swirl is often present. (Simon, 2004) ds[UAO71], ft[G-rv]/ft[8] double mutant larvae show an enhancement of the wing disc overgrowth phenotype of ft[G-rv]/ft[8] single mutants. (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	ds¹ (Adler et al., 1998) ds^33k (Adler et al., 1998)
Comments
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Analysis of ds^33k/ds^UAO71 clones shows that ds displays domineering cell nonautonomy. (Adler et al., 1998)
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	ds^UA071 (Baena-Lopez, 2005, Baena-Lopez et al., 2005, Simon, 2004, Rodriguez, 2004, Strutt et al., 2004, Lee and Adler, 2004, Yang et al., 2002, Tyler et al., 2007, Casal et al., 2006) ds^UAO71 (Matakatsu and Blair, 2006, Mao et al., 2006)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 16 )
Research paper	Tyler et al., 2007, Genetics 175(2): 643--657 Genes affecting cell competition in Drosophila. [FBrf0192304] Casal et al., 2006, Development 133(22): 4561--4572 Two separate molecular systems, Dachsous/Fat and Starry night/Frizzled, act independently to confer planar cell polarity. [FBrf0194266] Mao et al., 2006, Development 133(13): 2539--2551 Dachs: an unconventional myosin that functions downstream of Fat to regulate growth, affinity and gene expression in Drosophila. [FBrf0193425] Matakatsu and Blair, 2006, Development 133(12): 2315--2324 Separating the adhesive and signaling functions of the Fat and Dachsous protocadherins. [FBrf0194700] Baena-Lopez et al., 2005, Curr. Biol. 15(18): 1640--1644 The orientation of cell divisions determines the shape of Drosophila organs. [FBrf0187296] Cho and Irvine, 2004, Development 131(18): 4489--4500 Action of fat, four-jointed, dachsous and dachs in distal-to-proximal wing signaling. [FBrf0180144] Lee and Adler, 2004, Mech. Dev. 121(1): 37--49 The grainy head transcription factor is essential for the function of the frizzled pathway in the Drosophila wing. [FBrf0167844] Rodriguez, 2004, Development 131(13): 3195--3206 The dachsous gene, a member of the cadherin family, is required for Wg-dependent pattern formation in the Drosophila wing disc. [FBrf0179415] Simon, 2004, Development 131(24): 6175--6184 Planar cell polarity in the Drosophila eye is directed by graded Four-jointed and Dachsous expression. [FBrf0180187] Strutt et al., 2004, Development 131(4): 881--890 Cleavage and secretion is not required for Four-jointed function in Drosophila patterning. [FBrf0174590] Ma et al., 2003, Nature 421(6922): 543--547 Fidelity in planar cell polarity signalling. [FBrf0155499] Casal et al., 2002, Curr. Biol. 12(14): 1189--1198 Developmental compartments and planar polarity in Drosophila. [FBrf0151834] Strutt and Strutt, 2002, Dev. Cell 3(6): 851--863 Nonautonomous planar polarity patterning in Drosophila: dishevelled-independent functions of frizzled. [FBrf0155678] Yang et al., 2002, Cell 108(5): 675--688 Regulation of frizzled by fat-like cadherins during planar polarity signaling in the Drosophila compound eye. [FBrf0146910] Adler et al., 1998, Development 125(5): 959--968 Mutations in the cadherin superfamily member gene dachsous cause a tissue polarity phenotype by altering frizzled signaling. [FBrf0101864]
Supplementary material	Baena-Lopez, 2005, Curr. Biol. 15(18): [title not yet available] [FBrf0191744]

Allele Dmel\dsUAO71

Allele Dmel\ds^UAO71