Allele Dmel\lush¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\lush¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	lush	FlyBase ID	FBal0093852
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\lush

Allele class
Mutagen	P-element activity
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	P-element activity (Kim et al., 1998)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype	P{etau-lacZ}ET249 (Kim et al., 1998)
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Excision of the P{etau-lacZ}ET249 insertion removing 3kb of DNA, including the entire lush open reading frame. (Kim et al., 1998)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	fertile (Kim et al., 1998) neuroanatomy defective (Xu et al., 2005) neurophysiology defective (Benton et al., 2007) smell perception defective (Wang et al., 2001, Xu et al., 2005) smell perception defective \| adult stage \| recessive (Kim et al., 1998) viable (Kim et al., 1998)
Phenotype Manifest In
	olfactory receptor neuron (Benton et al., 2007, Xu et al., 2005) pit sensillum T1 (Xu et al., 2005) pit sensillum T2 (Xu et al., 2005) T1 neuron (Xu et al., 2005) T2 neuron (Xu et al., 2005)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference lush¹ Or67d-expressing olfactory sensory neurons show severely decreased spontaneous activity compared to control neurons. (Benton et al., 2007) T1 neurons from lush[1] mutants do not respond to 11-cis vaccenyl acetate. Behavioural attraction of lush[1] mutant flies to wild-type males is significantly reduced compared to control flies. When female flies are used as bait, male flies show an increased attraction compared to females, but there is no difference in this attraction between wild-type and lush[1] mutants. Substitution of male flies for 1% 11-cis vaccenyl acetate does not affect wild-type attraction. However lush[1] mutants are completely defective for attraction to 11-cis vaccenyl acetate. T1 neurons in lush[1] mutants exhibit a greater than 400-fold reduction in spontaneous activity. Instead of one spike per second, the spontaneous activity in T1 neurons from lush[1] mutants is approximately 1 spike every 430 seconds. No difference in spontaneous activity is observed in the T2 neurons of wild-type and lush[1] mutants, despite an equivalent loss of lush protein from these sensilla. No difference in mating latency, inappropriate mating behaviour, or mating stages is found in lush[1] mutants compared to wild-type. T2B neurons are defective for inhibition by high concentrations of ethanol and butanol in lush[1] mutants. In wild-type T2B sensilla, at least one and usually several olfactory neurons within the sensillum reduce firing rates upon stimulation by concentrated butanol or ethanol. lush[1] mutant T2B neurons do not show this normal inhibitory response to these odorants and continue firing at prestimulus rates. Low concentrations of these odorants have no effect on the activity of these neurons. (Xu et al., 2005) Mutant flies respond normally to both high and low concentrations of ethanol and ethyl acetate (they are attracted to low concentrations and repulsed by high concentrations) in a T-maze assay. Mutant flies show an abnormal response to benzaldehyde (BA) in a T-maze assay; they do not show the wild-type attraction to low concentrations of BA, while they are repulsed by high concentrations, as in wild type. The amplitude of neural response in the mushroom bodies in response to BA is similar in mutant and wild-type flies, even at the concentration of BA at which the behavioural defect is seen. Mutant flies show similar mushroom body activity patterns upon repetitive delivery of the same odour, similar to wild-type flies. However, the concentration-dependency of spatial distribution patterns which is seen in wild-type mushroom bodies in response to BA is abolished in mutant flies. As in wild type, ethyl acetate (EA) evokes concentration dependent patterns of distributed neural activity. Patterns evoked by different odours, as shown by comparisons among citral, octanol, EA and BA show similar odour specificity as in wild type. (Wang et al., 2001) Homozygous flies show an apparent increased attraction to ethanol, propanol and butanol in an olfactory trap assay compared to control flies. This abnormal response is specific to high odorant concentrations; attraction of flies to low concentrations of ethanol is similar to wild-type. Third instar larvae show a normal response to high concentrations of ethanol. The olfactory behaviour response to butanone, acetone, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, acetic acid, benzaldehyde, methanol, isopropanol, pentanol and yeast is not significantly different from wild-type. Homozygous flies are defective for the avoidance behavioural response to concentrated ethanol which is present in wild-type flies. The electrical responses of ethanol-sensitive neurons to ethanol appear normal. (Kim et al., 1998)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference lush¹ has neuroanatomy defective phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005) lush¹ has smell perception defective phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference lush¹ is a non-suppressor of smell perception defective phenotype of Snmp1^Z0429 (Jin et al., 2008)
Phenotype Manifest In
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference lush¹ has olfactory receptor neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005) lush¹ has pit sensillum T1 phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005) lush¹ has pit sensillum T2 phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005) lush¹ has T1 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005) lush¹ has T2 neuron phenotype, non-suppressible by Aper\APO-3^lush.PX (Xu et al., 2005)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference lush¹ is a suppressor of sensillum trichodeum of antennal segment 3 phenotype of Or67d^Scer\UAS.cHa (Ha and Smith, 2006)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Double mutants defective for lush[1] Snmp[Z0429] exhibit high spontaneous activity, indicating that Snmp functions downstream of lush in cVA signaling. (Jin et al., 2008) lush¹ Snmp¹/lush¹ Snmp² double mutant Or67d-expressing olfactory sensory neurons show an increase in spontaneous activity compared to control neurons, as is seen in Snmp¹/Snmp² single mutant neurons. (Benton et al., 2007)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference The presence of Aper\APO-3[+t.lush] fails to rescue the absence of response to 11-cis vaccenyl acetate found in lush[1] mutant T1 neurons. (Xu et al., 2005)
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	lush¹ is rescued by lush^+tKa (Wang et al., 2001, Kim et al., 1998, Xu et al., 2005)
Comments	The presence of lush[+tKa] rescues lush[1] mutant T1 neuron responsiveness to 11-cis vaccenyl acetate. lush[1] mutant flies transformed with a copy of lush[+tKa] respond to 11-cis vaccenyl acetate and male flies in behavioural attraction assays. Normal spontaneous activity rates are restored to T1 neurons upon introduction of lush[+tKa]. lush[1] mutants expressing lush[+tKa] have inhibitory responses to concentrated alcohol restored. (Xu et al., 2005)
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	lush¹ (Benton et al., 2007, Ha and Smith, 2006, Jin et al., 2008, Shanbhag et al., 2001, Ronderos and Smith, 2010) lush^- (Benton et al., 2007) obp76a (Xu et al., 2005) obp76a^lush (de Bruyne and Warr, 2006)
Name Synonym	lush (Kim et al., 1998, de Bruyne and Warr, 2006)
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 10 )
Research paper	Ronderos and Smith, 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(7): 2595--2599 Activation of the T1 Neuronal Circuit is Necessary and Sufficient to Induce Sexually Dimorphic Mating Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0210010] Jin et al., 2008, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105(31): 10996--11001 SNMP is a signaling component required for pheromone sensitivity in Drosophila. [FBrf0205696] Benton et al., 2007, Nature 450(7167): 289--293 An essential role for a CD36-related receptor in pheromone detection in Drosophila. [FBrf0202608] Ha and Smith, 2006, J. Neurosci. 26(34): 8727--8733 A pheromone receptor mediates 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate-induced responses in Drosophila. [FBrf0194006] Xu et al., 2005, Neuron 45(2): 193--200 Drosophila OBP LUSH is required for activity of pheromone-sensitive neurons. [FBrf0184212] Shanbhag et al., 2001, Microsc. Res. Tech. 55(5): 297--306 Expression mosaic of odorant-binding proteins in Drosophila olfactory organs. [FBrf0141649] Wang et al., 2001, Neuron 29(1): 267--276 Genetic manipulation of the odor-evoked distributed neural activity in the Drosophila mushroom body. [FBrf0134805] Kim et al., 1998, Genetics 150(2): 711--721 LUSH odorant-binding protein mediates chemosensory responses to alcohols in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0104760]
Supplementary material	Benton et al., 2007, Nature 450(7167): Online Methods. [FBrf0204779]
Review	de Bruyne and Warr, 2006, BioEssays 28(1): 23--34 Molecular and cellular organization of insect chemosensory neurons. [FBrf0189797]

Allele Dmel\lush1

Allele Dmel\lush¹