FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\brk[M68]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\brk^M68

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0095495

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\brk

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

loss of function allele

Mutagen

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

loss of function allele

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Mutagen

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Amino acid replacement: ?88term.

(Winter and Campbell, 2004)

The encoded protein contains only 10% of the normal amino acid sequence.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Nucleotide substitution: G790A.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Amino acid replacement: W87term.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

X:7,308,732..7,308,732 [+]

Nucleotide change:

G7308732A

Reported nucleotide change:

G790A

Amino acid change:

W87term | brk-PA

Reported amino acid change:

?88term

Comment:

TGG to TAG nonsense mutation in codon Trp87.

(Winter and Campbell, 2004, Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

dorsal appendage | maternal effect | somatic clone

(Shravage et al., 2007)

dorsal appendage | somatic clone

(Chen and Schupbach, 2006)

egg operculum | somatic clone

(Chen and Schupbach, 2006)

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Milchanowski et al., 2004)

embryonic/larval epidermis

(Lammel et al., 2000)

embryonic abdominal ventral sensory organ precursor cluster group

(Rusten et al., 2002)

embryonic epidermis

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

embryonic epidermis | dorsal

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

embryonic epidermis | ventral

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

larval dorsal hair

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

neuroblast

(Lammel et al., 2000)

ventral denticle belt

(Saller et al., 2002, Lammel et al., 2000, Jazwinska et al., 1999)

ventral neurectoderm

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

wing

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

wing | lateral | somatic clone

(Martin et al., 2004)

wing | somatic clone

(Yang et al., 2013)

wing disc | lateral | somatic clone

(Martin et al., 2004)

wing vein | ectopic | somatic clone

(Cook et al., 2004)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Flies bearing brk^M68 somatic clones display wing notches and swirled hair in the vicinity of the notches but only occasionally wing outgrowths.

(Yang et al., 2013)

The boundary between the maxillary and mandibular segments is unaffected in brk^M68 embryos.

(Stöbe et al., 2009)

Eggs from females carrying large homozygous somatic follicle cell clones completely lack dorsal appendages.

(Shravage et al., 2007)

Somatic clones in the follicle cells of the egg chamber result in eggs with an enlarged operculum and reduced dorsal appendages.

(Chen and Schupbach, 2006)

Ectopic veins form along the inner edges of somatic clones of brk^M68 homozygous cells located in positions posterior to wing vein L5. When such clones are located anterior to L2 ectopic vein is also induced along the boundary, but both inside and outside the clone. Ectopic venation is not associated with clones found elsewhere in the disc.

(Cook et al., 2004)

brk^M68 somatic clones often from outgrowths in adult wings. The patterning of these outgrowths is similar to an continuous with the part of the wing from which they arise - unlike outgrowths due to clonal expression of dpp, mirror image duplication of pattern in these outgrowth is never seen. The clones producing outgrowths are restricted to the lateral regions of the wing disc whereas those in the central region are of normal size. Lateral clones are morphologically distinct in the late third instar wing disc, and show increased BrdU incorporation levels. There is an increase in apoptosis at the boundaries of brk^M68 somatic clones in the wing pouch of third instar wing discs.

(Martin et al., 2004)

Mutant embryos show mislocalisation of crystal cells to more posterior positions in the embryo than normal.

(Milchanowski et al., 2004)

Females containing homozygous germline clones produce wild-type egg chambers and germline stem cells are stable for at least two weeks after clone induction.

(Chen and McKearin, 2003)

Homozygous embryos have normal numbers of abdominal peripheral nervous system neurons in the dorsal and lateral clusters, but fewer in the ventral clusters.

(Rusten et al., 2002)

Mutant larvae have narrowed denticle belts which contain about three disordered rows of tapered denticles, which all point to the posterior. The belts usually consist of one row of large denticles followed by two rows of tiny denticles.

(Saller et al., 2002)

In embryos laid by homozygous mutant mothers the leading edge specification is normal.

(Stronach and Perrimon, 2001)

In mutant larvae a denticle belt phenotype similar to that seen in brk^F124 larvae is seen. In mutant embryos a loss of neuroblast phenotype similar to that seen in brk^F124 embryos is seen.

(Lammel et al., 2000)

Embryos show expanded dorsal epidermis at the expense of ventral epidermis. This phenotype resembles that caused by ectopic expression of dpp or of constitutively activated tkv. Mutant clones in the wing disc produce outgrowths and pattern duplications in anterior and posterior regions of the wing. The outgrowths are entirely cell autonomous. Outgrowths are often accompanied by notches, in a similar phenotype to that caused by constitutively activated tkv, though detailed examination of the outgrowths suggests that loss of brk produces a lower level of activation than that caused by constitutively activated tkv.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

The ventral denticle belts have largely disappeared due to an expansion of the dorsal epidermis carrying dorsal hairs in brk^M68/Y embryos. The number of sna-expressing neuroblasts in the ventral neurogenic region is reduced. The number of amnioserosa cells is normal. The phenotype is not enhanced in embryos derived from females carrying homozygous brk^M68 germline clones.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 has neoplasia | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^nub-AC-62/Dad^UAS.cTa

(Martin et al., 2004)

brk^M68 has increased occurrence of cell division | somatic clone | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^nub-AC-62/Dad^UAS.cTa

(Martin et al., 2004)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 has increased cell number | somatic clone phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^nub-AC-62/Dad^UAS.cTa

(Martin et al., 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of shn¹

(Rusten et al., 2002)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 has ventral denticle belt phenotype, enhanceable by tsh⁸

(Saller et al., 2002)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 has embryonic abdominal ventral sensory organ precursor cluster group phenotype, non-suppressible by shn¹

(Rusten et al., 2002)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 is an enhancer of ventral denticle belt phenotype of tsh⁸

(Saller et al., 2002)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

brk^M68/brk^M68 is a non-enhancer of wing vein phenotype of bi^D4

(Cook et al., 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

brk^M68 is a suppressor of embryonic abdominal dorsal sensory organ precursor cluster phenotype of shn¹

(Rusten et al., 2002)

brk^M68 is a suppressor of embryonic abdominal lateral sensory organ precursor cluster phenotype of shn¹

(Rusten et al., 2002)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

brk^M68/brk^M68 is a non-suppressor of wing vein phenotype of bi^D4

(Cook et al., 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

brk^M68, sog^Y506 has ventral denticle belt phenotype

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

brk^M68, sog^Y506 has ventral neurectoderm phenotype

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Eggs laid by brk^M68/+ ; Snoo¹⁷⁴/Snoo¹⁷⁴ females are shorter in length and have a significantly larger operculum than normal. The dorsal appendages are stout and massively thick at their ends.

(Shravage et al., 2007)

The mesoderm is able to spread out over the ectoderm after mesoderm invagination in sog^Y506 brk^M68 double mutant embryos. The mesoderm is able to spread out over the ectoderm after mesoderm invagination in Egfr^top-18A sog^Y506 brk^M68 triple mutant embryos.

(Wilson et al., 2005)

bi^D4, brk^M68 double homozygous somatic clones in the wing either contain no veins at all, or contain short fragments of ectopic vein that do not follow clone boundaries.

(Cook et al., 2004)

Overgrowth of brk^M68 somatic clones in lateral regions of wing discs is not suppressed in Dad^Scer\UAS.cTa; Scer\GAL4^nub-AC-62 animals.

(Martin et al., 2004)

shn¹ brk^M68 double mutant embryos show a clear rescue of the number of neurons in the dorsal and lateral clusters of the peripheral nervous system compared to shn¹ single mutants. The reduction in the number of neurons in the ventral clusters in shn¹ brk^M68 double mutant embryos is indistinguishable from that in brk^M68 single mutants.

(Rusten et al., 2002)

brk^M68 tsh⁸ double mutant larvae show an essentially naked cuticle phenotype, with only single tiny denticles occasionally seen scattered in the posterior abdomen.

(Saller et al., 2002)

brk^M68 clones induced in a dpp^d8/dpp^d12 background lead to outgrowths of wing blade material indicating that normal target gene activation occurs without normal dpp levels.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

The ectoderm of brk^M68 sog^Y506/Y double mutant embryos forms only dorsal-type cuticle hairs and completely lacks ventral denticles. The ventral neurogenic region is deleted. The amnioserosa defect seen in sog^Y506/Y single mutant embryos is not rescued in the double mutant embryos. brk^M68; dpp^H46 sna¹⁸ Df(2R)twi quadruple mutant embryos secrete cuticles showing partial transformation of ventral into dorsal epidermis.

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

brk^CA54

(Chen and Schupbach, 2006)

brk^L9

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

brk^M12

(Jazwinska et al., 1999)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

93078

y¹ w^* brk^M68/FM7i, P{ActGFP}JMR3

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

BRK^M68

(Marmion and Yakoby, 2018)

Brk^M68

(Romero-Pozuelo et al., 2017)

br^M68

(Chang et al., 2001)

brk^-

(Weiss et al., 2010)

brk^M68

(Romanova-Michaelides et al., 2022, Ruiz-Losada et al., 2021, Bosch et al., 2020, Chayengia et al., 2019, Deignan et al., 2016, Dominguez et al., 2016, Charbonnier et al., 2015, Upadhyai and Campbell, 2013, Yang et al., 2013, Liang et al., 2012, Ziv et al., 2012, Garcia and Stathopoulos, 2011, Rodriguez, 2011, Schwank et al., 2011, Stöbe et al., 2009, Estella et al., 2008, Fromental-Ramain et al., 2008, Shravage et al., 2007, Chen and Schupbach, 2006)

brk^m68

(Dunipace et al., 2013, Mizutani et al., 2006, Cook et al., 2004, Rusten et al., 2002)

brkm68

(Dunipace et al., 2019)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (46)

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