FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\polo[S025604]

Neuroblasts in polo¹/polo^S025604 and polo^S025604/polo^S132408 transheterozygous third instar larval brains are increased in number and show increased time in mitosis, with a delay between spindle assembly checkpoint silencing and anaphase onset. Brain material transplanted into wild-type host abdomens develops into tumors.

polo^S025604/polo^S132408 transheterozygous third instar larval brains show low but significant levels of aneuploidy.

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 heterozygotes are viable.

polo^S025604 homozygous third instar larval brain exhibit higher mitotic index than controls.

polo^ΔUSE.GFP expressing polo^S025604 homozygous adults exhibit malformation of the abdominal epidermis and tergite defects compared to controls.

polo^ΔUSE.GFP expressing polo^S025604 homozygous third instar larval mitotic neuroblasts exhibit an abnormal number of chromosomes compared to controls.

(Oliveira et al., 2019)

Homozygous embryos show localised increased or decreased in cardial cell (CC) number, larger than normal CC nuclei and incorrectly positioned CCs.

(Ahmad et al., 2012)

Approximately 90% of polo¹/polo^S025604 germaria have a 'two-oocyte phenotype' in region 3 (a single oocyte is already determined in approximately 70% of wild-type germaria by this stage).

(Pek et al., 2012)

Analysis of the few polo^{pA2.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604 escapers indicates that these individuals exhibit strong defects in abdominal morphology, with the complete absence or incorrect formation of tergites, while all other adult structures appear normal.

Only large polytene larval cells are observed in the epidermis of polo^{pA2.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604/polo^S025604 pupa. No histoblasts are detected in polo^{pA2.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604/polo^S025604 pupa, but are present in larvae.

Transgenic polo^{pA1.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604 adult flies exhibit a mild abdominal phenotype.

(Pinto et al., 2011)

Several nuclei in prophase have one dislocated centrosome in syncytial embryos from heterozygous polo^S025604 mutant mothers.

(Wang et al., 2011)

Mutant larval central brains have a normal number of neuroblasts at 24 hours after larval hatching (ALH) (36.5 +/- 4.5). However, by 96 hours ALH, the number of neuroblasts in the mutant central brains is increased dramatically to 253.6 +/- 44.5 (compared to 90.7 +/- 7.0 in wild type).

Clones in the central larval brain derived from single cell mutant neuroblasts show an ectopic self-renewal phenotype, containing multiple neuroblast cells (wild-type single cell clones only contain one neuroblast).

The tight coupling of spindle orientation with crescent formation seen in wild-type neuroblasts is disrupted in mutant metaphase neuroblasts with two centrosomes.

(Wang et al., 2007)

Meiosis does not initiate properly in region 2a of the polo¹/polo^S025604 germarium. Cysts often contain abnormal synaptonemal complexes and meiosis restriction to one cell is delayed.

(Mirouse et al., 2006)

polo^S025604/polo^S132408 animals survive to adult but are sterile.

(Clarke et al., 2005)

Lethal phase is during the third larval instar. Mutant larval brains have a mitotic index that is elevated about 11-fold above that of wild-type cells. The mitotic chromosomes are much more highly condensed than normal. Many cells appear arrested in a metaphase-like state (the metaphase/anaphase ratio is 51.4 compared to 5.8 in wild-type cells). The proportion of figures in which chromosomes are well separated at anaphase is relatively low, although in absolute numbers it is comparable to that in wild-type cells. 16.1% of mitotic cells are aneuploid or polyploid. A small fraction (1.4%) of circular mitotic figures is seen. Some cells show premature separation of at least one set of their sister chromatids. The metaphase arrested cells have robust arrays of microtubules but lack asters at their poles. 79.3% of pairs of sister centromeric regions show separation.

(Donaldson et al., 2001)

Lethality acts in the prepupal and pupal stages.

(Deak et al., 1997)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/polo¹ has decreased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has increased cell number | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has neoplasia | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by Mmus\Plk1^UASp.GFP/Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

(Pearson et al., 2006)

polo^S025604 has abnormal mitotic cell cycle phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

polo^S025604 has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has neoplasia | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has increased cell number | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

mad2^G6595, polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has decreased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^{T182D.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has decreased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 has hyperplasia | somatic clone | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^wor.PA/numb^PTB.UAS.GFP

(Wang et al., 2007)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has neoplasia | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has female sterile phenotype, non-suppressible by Mmus\Plk1^UASp.GFP/Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

(Pearson et al., 2006)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/polo¹ is an enhancer of abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage phenotype of mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is an enhancer of abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage phenotype of mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 is an enhancer of abnormal mitotic cell cycle phenotype of Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604 is a suppressor | partially of abnormal meiotic cell cycle phenotype of mei-S332⁸

(Clarke et al., 2005)

Other

Statement

Reference

Mmus\Plk1^UASp.GFP, Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}, polo^S025604 has lethal | second instar larval stage phenotype

(Pearson et al., 2006)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/polo¹ has larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has larval neuroblast | third instar larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has larval neuroblast | third instar larval stage | increased number phenotype, enhanceable by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 has aster & neuroblast phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

polo^S025604 has spindle & neuroblast phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

mad2^G6595, polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has larval neuroblast | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^{T182D.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has larval neuroblast | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 has larval neuroblast | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has germarium region 3 phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG/mael^{S138D.UASp.Tag:FLAG}

(Pek et al., 2012)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has germarium region 3 phenotype, suppressible by Sirt1¹⁷/Sir2[+]

(Pek et al., 2012)

polo^S025604/polo¹ has germarium region 3 phenotype, suppressible by pch2^EY01788a/pch2^EY01788a

(Pek et al., 2012)

polo^S025604 has neuroblast & larval brain | somatic clone phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^wor.PA/numb^PTB.UAS.GFP

(Wang et al., 2007)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/polo¹ has germarium region 3 phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG/mael^{S138A.UASp.Tag:FLAG}

(Pek et al., 2012)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/polo¹ is an enhancer of larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype of mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is an enhancer of larval brain | third instar larval stage phenotype of mad2^G6595

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 is an enhancer of aster & neuroblast phenotype of Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

polo^S025604 is an enhancer of spindle & neuroblast phenotype of Cdc27^S092309

(Deak et al., 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

Df(3R)Exel6157/+, polo^S025604 has cardiogenic mesoderm phenotype

(Ahmad et al., 2012)

Df(1)CHES-1-like¹/+, polo^S025604 has cardiogenic mesoderm phenotype

(Ahmad et al., 2012)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

polo^S025604/+ ; Df(3R)Exel6157/+ double heterozygous embryos show asymmetric cell division defects in "svp" cardiac progenitor cells that are significantly more severe than the additive effects of each of the two single heterozygotes. Defects in the symmetric cell divisions that give rise to the tin-expressing cardial cells are also significantly more severe in the double heterozygotes.

polo^S025604/+ ; Df(1)CHES-1-like¹/+ double heterozygous embryos show asymmetric cell division defects in "svp" cardiac progenitor cells that are significantly more severe than the additive effects of each of the two single heterozygotes. Defects in the symmetric cell divisions that give rise to the tin-expressing cardial cells are also significantly more severe in the double heterozygotes.

(Ahmad et al., 2012)

Expression of mael^{S138D.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Zzzz\FLAG} under the control of Scer\GAL4^nos.PG partially suppresses the defect in oocyte commitment (high frequency of 'two-oocyte phenotype' in region 3 of the germarium) that is seen in polo¹/polo^S025604 germaria.

Expression of mael^{S138A.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Zzzz\FLAG} under the control of Scer\GAL4^nos.PG does not suppress the defect in oocyte commitment (high frequency of 'two-oocyte phenotype' in region 3 of the germarium) that is seen in polo¹/polo^S025604 germaria.

Sir2¹⁷/+ suppresses the defect in oocyte commitment (high frequency of 'two-oocyte phenotype' in region 3 of the germarium) that is seen in polo¹/polo^S025604 germaria.

pch2^EY01788a/pch2^EY01788a suppresses the defect in oocyte commitment (high frequency of 'two-oocyte phenotype' in region 3 of the germarium) that is seen in polo¹/polo^S025604 germaria.

(Pek et al., 2012)

The ectopic neuroblast self-renewal phenotype seen in single cell polo^S025604 clones in the larval central brain is suppressed by expression of numb^{PTB.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^wor.PA.

(Wang et al., 2007)

The non-disjunction phenotype seen in mei-S332⁸/+ sperm is partially suppressed by polo¹, polo^S025604.

(Clarke et al., 2005)

The lethal phase of Cdc27^S092309 is advanced to an earlier developmental stage when in combination with polo^S025604. The stage of death is also earlier than with polo^S025604 alone.

(Deak et al., 2003)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Expression of Mmus\Plk1^{Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^{mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16} does not rescue the sterility of polo¹/polo^S025604 females.

The majority of polo^S025604 homozygotes expressing Mmus\Plk1^{Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP} under the control of Scer\GAL4^{mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16} only survive to the second larval instar stage, in contrast to polo^S025604 single homozygotes which survive to the third larval instar stage.

(Pearson et al., 2006)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is rescued by polo^UASp.RR.GFP/Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^UASp.RR.GFP

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 is rescued by polo^ΔUSE.GFP

(Oliveira et al., 2019)

polo^S025604 is rescued by polo^pA1.GFP

(Pinto et al., 2011)

polo^S025604 is rescued by polo^GFP

(Pinto et al., 2011)

polo^S025604/polo¹ is rescued by polo^GFP

(Pearson et al., 2006)

Partially rescued by

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^{T182D.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

Not rescued by

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is not rescued by polo^{K54M.UASp.RR.GFP}/Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^{K54M.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is not rescued by polo^{T182A.UASp.RR.GFP}/Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407/polo^{T182A.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S132408/polo^S025604 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI/polo^{T182D.UASp.RR.GFP}

(Gallaud et al., 2022)

polo^S025604 is not rescued by polo^pA2.GFP

(Pinto et al., 2011)

Comments

Nearly all polo^{pA2.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604 flies die during pupariation.

Transgenic polo^T:Avic\GFP;polo^S025604 adult flies exhibit wild-type morphology.

Transgenic polo^{pA1.T:Avic\GFP};polo^S025604 adult flies exhibit a mild abdominal phenotype.

(Pinto et al., 2011)

polo^T:Avic\GFP rescues the sterility of polo¹/polo^S025604 females.

(Pearson et al., 2006)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

0256/04

(Deak et al., 1997)

256/4

(Donaldson, 2001.6.18)

l(3)S025604^S025604

polo 9

(Lee et al., 2018)

polo⁹

(Gallaud et al., 2022, Oliveira et al., 2019, Lee et al., 2016, Ahmad et al., 2012, Pek et al., 2012, Pinto et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2009, Slack et al., 2007, Wang et al., 2007, Mirouse et al., 2006, Pearson et al., 2006, Clarke et al., 2005, Deak et al., 2003, Donaldson et al., 2001)

polo^S025604

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (19)

Report Sections

Open Close