Allele Dmel\Ark^k11502

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Ark^k11502	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0104364
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Ark
Also Known As	l(2)k11502, dark^P1041, dpf^K1

Map ( GBrowse )	Untitled Document
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
Mutagen	P-element activity
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence (Quinn et al., 2000, Rodriguez et al., 2002)
Mutagen	P-element activity (Kanuka et al., 1999, Zhou et al., 1999, Rodriguez et al., 2002)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References transposable element insertion site 2R:12,907,578..12,907,578 (Kanuka et al., 1999, Zhou et al., 1999, Kanuka et al., 2005, Kanuka et al., 2005, Zhou and Steller, 2003, Rodriguez et al., 2002)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference The P{lacW} insertion is ~1.3kb upstream of the Ark translation initiation site. (Rodriguez et al., 2002) P{lacW} insertion in the 5' untranslated region, 117bp upstream of the initiation codon. (Kanuka et al., 1999) P{lacW} insertion 81bp upstream of the TATA box. (Zhou et al., 1999)
Caused by insertion	P{lacW}Ark^k11502 (Kanuka et al., 1999, Zhou et al., 1999, Kanuka et al., 2005, Kanuka et al., 2005, Zhou and Steller, 2003, Rodriguez et al., 2002)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	cell death defective \| partially (Rodriguez et al., 2002) decreased cell death \| embryonic stage \| recessive (Zhou et al., 1999) decreased cell death \| recessive (Kanuka et al., 1999) lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive (Igaki et al., 2002) partially lethal - majority die \| pupal stage \| recessive (Kanuka et al., 1999) radiation resistant (Zhou and Steller, 2003) visible (Kanuka et al., 2005) visible \| recessive (Kanuka et al., 1999)
Phenotype Manifest In
	dorsal closure embryo (Zhou et al., 1999) embryonic/larval brain (Kanuka et al., 1999) embryonic/larval digestive system (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) embryonic/larval digestive system (with Ark^P803-Δ15) (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) embryonic/larval digestive system (with Df(2R)BSC49) (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) embryonic/larval salivary gland (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) embryonic brain (Zhou et al., 1999) embryonic head (Zhou et al., 1999) eo neuron \| supernumerary (Kanuka et al., 2005) eye photoreceptor cell (Kanuka et al., 1999) macrochaeta (Kanuka et al., 1999) macrochaeta \| supernumerary (Kanuka et al., 2005) melanotic mass (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) melanotic mass (with Ark^P803-Δ15) (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) melanotic mass (with Df(2R)BSC49) (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) ommatidium (Kanuka et al., 1999) pigment cell (Kanuka et al., 1999) scutellar bristle \| ectopic (Kanuka et al., 1999) sensory mother cell \| supernumerary (Kanuka et al., 2005) thecogen cell \| supernumerary (Kanuka et al., 2005)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Ark^k11502/Df(2R)BSC49 and Ark^k11502/Ark^P803-Δ15 third instar larvae show gut melanisation not accompanied by tissue overgrowth or hemocyte encapsulation. Homozygous third instar larvae develop multiple black spots along the gut and sometimes in the salivary glands. (Minakhina and Steward, 2006) 48% of Ark^k11502 mutant flies exhibit extra macrochaetae on the scutellum. Ark^k11502 mutants have one extra SOP cell in the scutellum region of the third instar wing disc. Analysis of the scutellum region of the pupal notum (24-30 h after pupal formation (APF)) shows that there is an extra neuron and thecogen present, which are derived from the extra SOP cell. (Kanuka et al., 2005) Unlike wild-type embyros UV irradition of Ark^k11502 homozygous pre-gastrula embryos at 50 mJ/cm² does not induce cell death. (Zhou and Steller, 2003) Mutants show only slight cell death defects in the embryo and barely detectable defects in adults. (Rodriguez et al., 2002) The outer morphology of homozygous larvae and flies appears normal, except for adult dorsal bristles; extra bristles are often seen on the scutellum. Abnormal ommatidia with one extra photoreceptor cell are often seen. The morphology of the pigment cell layer is disorganised compared to the regular pattern seen in wild-type flies. A significant decrease in apoptotic cells is seen in stage 11-12 homozygous embryos compared to wild type. The brain hemispheres of third instar larvae are larger than normal and contain a markedly decreased number of apoptotic cells. (Kanuka et al., 1999) Homozygous stage 12/1 embryos contain fewer apoptotic cells in the head region that wild-type embryos. The phenotype is highly penetrant but some variation is seen. Embryos often show defects in head involution and the brain appears larger than normal. Suppresses the eye phenotype caused by Dcp-1^GMR.PS or Dcp-1^N.GMR. A strong synergism in cell ablation is seen when Dcp-1^GMR.PS and rpr^GMR.PW are coexpressed in the eye. This phenotype is not modified by Ark^k11502. (Zhou et al., 1999)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
NOT Enhanced by
Statement Reference Ark^k11502 has lethal \| recessive \| embryonic stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by th^a.cIa/th^cIa (Igaki et al., 2002)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Nc^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF/Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF (Quinn et al., 2000) Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of rpr^GMR.PW (Kanuka et al., 1999)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference Ark^k11502 is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of W^GMR.PG/W^GMR.PG (Kanuka et al., 1999)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressor of
Statement Reference Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Dcp-1^GMR.PS (Zhou et al., 1999) Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Dcp-1^N.GMR (Zhou et al., 1999) Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Nc^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF/Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF (Quinn et al., 2000) Ark^k11502 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of rpr^GMR.PW (Kanuka et al., 1999)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference Ark^k11502 is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of grim^GMR.PC (Zhou et al., 1999) Ark^k11502 is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of rpr^GMR.PW (Zhou et al., 1999) Ark^k11502 is a non-suppressor of eye phenotype of W^GMR.PG/W^GMR.PG (Kanuka et al., 1999, Zhou et al., 1999)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference The hatch rate of homozygous Ark^k11502 embryos is not reduced if the embryos are injected with th dsRNA (produced by annealing th^cIa and th^a.cIa RNA). (Igaki et al., 2002) The eye phenotype caused by expression of rpr^GMR.PW is significantly suppressed by Ark^k11502. The eye phenotype caused by expression of W^GMR.PG is not affected by Ark^k11502. (Kanuka et al., 1999)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 3 )
Bloomington	11041 y¹ w^67c23; P{lacW}Ark^k11502/CyO 23285 y¹ w^*; P{lacW}Ark^k11502 Ark⁸²/CyO, y⁺
Kyoto	111308 y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2 P{GMR-lacZ.C(38.1)}TPN1; P{neoFRT}42D P{lacW}Ark^k11502 /CyO y⁺
Notes on Origin
Discoverer
	Separable from: l(2)k11502^k11502. (Kanuka et al., 1999)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 8 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Ark^k11502 (Minakhina and Steward, 2006, Minakhina et al., 2007) dapaf1^K1 dArk^k11502 (Moskalev, 2003) dark^P1041 (Kanuka et al., 2005, Rodriguez et al., 2002) dpf^K1 (Igaki et al., 2002, Kanuka et al., 1999) hac-1^ac49 (Zhou and Steller, 2003) l(2)k11502 (Zhou and Steller, 2003, Rodriguez et al., 2002, Quinn et al., 2000) P1041 (Rodriguez et al., 2002)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 13 )
Research paper	Minakhina et al., 2007, Development 134(13): 2387--2396 Zfrp8, the Drosophila ortholog of PDCD2, functions in lymph gland development and controls cell proliferation. [FBrf0201958] Minakhina and Steward, 2006, Genetics 174(1): 253--263 Melanotic mutants in Drosophila: pathways and phenotypes. [FBrf0194475] Kanuka et al., 2005, EMBO J. 24(21): 3793--3806 Drosophila caspase transduces Shaggy/GSK-3beta kinase activity in neural precursor development. [FBrf0190361] Ryder et al., 2004, Genetics 167(2): 797--813 The DrosDel collection: a set of P-element insertions for generating custom chromosomal aberrations in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0179424] Zhou and Steller, 2003, Dev. Cell 4(4): 599--605 Distinct pathways mediate uv-induced apoptosis in Drosophila embryos. [FBrf0158860] Igaki et al., 2002, J. Biol. Chem. 277(26): 23103--23106 Down-regulation of DIAP1 triggers a novel Drosophila cell death pathway mediated by Dark and DRONC. [FBrf0149059] Rodriguez et al., 2002, EMBO J. 21(9): 2189--2197 Unrestrained caspase-dependent cell death caused by loss of Diap1 function requires the Drosophila Apaf-1 homolog, Dark. [FBrf0147000] Quinn et al., 2000, J. Biol. Chem. 275(51): 40416--40424 An essential role for the caspase dronc in developmentally programmed cell death in Drosophila. [FBrf0132365] Kanuka et al., 1999, Mol. Cell 4(5): 757--769 Control of the cell death pathway by Dapaf-1, a Drosophila Apaf-1/CED-4-related caspase activator. [FBrf0123073] Zhou et al., 1999, Mol. Cell 4(5): 745--755 HAC-1, a Drosophila homolog of APAF-1 and CED-4 functions in developmental and radiation-induced apoptosis. [FBrf0123261]
Supplementary material	Kanuka et al., 2005, EMBO J. 24(21): Drosophila caspase transduces Shaggy/GSK-3beta kinase activity in neural precursor development. [FBrf0191762]
Personal communication to FlyBase	BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project. (Computer file) BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project. (Computer file) [FBrf0067338]
Abstract	Moskalev, 2003, A. Dros. Res. Conf. 44: 951C Radioinduced apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster as the anti-ageing mechanism. [FBrf0155284]

Allele Dmel\Arkk11502

Allele Dmel\Ark^k11502