Allele Dmel\Gαs^R60

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Gαs^R60	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0125409
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Gαs
Also Known As	dgs^R60, dgs^R60c

Allele class	loss of function allele
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class	loss of function allele (Forte, 2001.7.31)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Wolfgang et al., 2001)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Nucleotide substitution: T723A. Amino acid replacement: Y241@. (Wolfgang et al., 2001)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	decreased cell death \| somatic clone (Kimura et al., 2004) lethal \| recessive (Wolfgang et al., 2001) neurophysiology defective \| recessive (Hou et al., 2003) smell perception defective \| somatic clone (Yao and Carlson, 2010)
Phenotype Manifest In
	adult olfactory receptor neuron Or22 \| somatic clone (Yao and Carlson, 2010) wing \| somatic clone (Kimura et al., 2004)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Homozygous ab1C olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) generated using MARCM show normal responses to CO[[2]] in 6 day old flies. A decrease in CO[[2]] response is observed in these neurons in 20 day old flies, at all concentrations of CO[[2]] tested. Homozygous ab3A ORNs generated using MARCM show a normal odour response to low concentrations of either methyl butyrate (0.05% and lower) or butyric acid (1% and lower). However, at near saturating concentrations, there is a small decrease in the odour response for both these odorants. (Yao and Carlson, 2010) Uptake of 40-80mM trehalose solution is significantly lower in G-sα60A[R60]/+ flies than in wild-type controls. This effect is not seen with lower concentrations of trehalose. (Ueno et al., 2006) Somatic clones of G-sα60A^R60 homozygous cells persist in the adult wing blade after surrounding heterozygous or wild-type cells have died. (Kimura et al., 2004) Low-frequency nerve stimulation at 0.5 mM Ca²⁺ evokes robust synaptic currents in G-sα60A^R60 embryos. However, at 0.2 mM Ca²⁺ nerve stimulation often fails to evoke synaptic currents in homozygous G-sα60A^R60 embryos while currents are evoked in G-sα60A^R60/+ embryos. G-sα60A^R60 mutants show minimal synaptic facilitation during tetanic stimulation and lack of post-tetanic potentiation, compared to G-sα60A^R60/+ embryos. Additionally, during and after tetanus, asynchronous transmitter release is not enhanced to the same levels in G-sα60A^R60 homozygotes as in G-sα60A^R60/+ heterozygotes. Miniature synaptic currents (mSCs) are smaller in amplitude and less frequent in G-sα60A^R60 embryos when tested in saline with normal concentrations of K⁺ than in heterozygotes. In high concentrations of K⁺ saline, G-sα60A^R60 embryos produce less frequent mSCs with smaller average amplitudes and the amplitude distribution is skewed toward larger amplitudes compared to G-sα60A^R60/+ embryos. The mean amplitude of glutamate-induced inward currents is not different in G-sα60A^R60 homozygotes and heterozygotes, showing that the total number of postsynaptic receptors is not different. Additionally, the unitary glutamate receptor channel current is not different and the pre-synaptic receptors for metabotropic glutamate and octopamine do not have an altered response in G-sα60A^R60 embryos. (Hou et al., 2003) 38% of homozygous embryos die (the percentage of embryos dying is not increased if they are derived from females carrying homozygous germ-line clones), the remaining homozygous larvae die either as they hatch or shortly after hatching. Larvae that hatch show little or no movement and do not grow. Ovaries of females carrying homozygous germ-line clones appear normal. 11% of G-sα60A^R60/G-sα60A^R19 embryos die. 44% of G-sα60A^R60/G-sα60A^R19 embryos derived from females carrying G-sα60A^R60 homozygous germ-line clones die. 27% of G-sα60A^R60/Df(2R)or-BR11 embryos die. 48% of G-sα60A^R60/Df(2R)or-BR11 embryos derived from females carrying G-sα60A^R60 homozygous germ-line clones die. G-sα60A^R60/G-sα60A^R19 embryos derived from females carrying G-sα60A^R60 or G-sα60A^R19 homozygous germ-line clones do not have cuticle defects. (Wolfgang et al., 2001)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhancer of
Statement Reference Gαs^R60/G-salpha60A[+] is an enhancer of wing margin phenotype of Bx² (Bronstein et al., 2010)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference Gαs^R60/G-salpha60A[+] is a suppressor of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Chi^e5.5 (Bronstein et al., 2010) Gαs^R60/G-salpha60A[+] is a suppressor of scutellar bristle \| supernumerary phenotype of Ssdp^L7 (Bronstein et al., 2010)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	Gαs^R60 is rescued by Gαs^+t10 (Wolfgang et al., 2001) Gαs^R60 is rescued by Gαs^Scer\UAS.cCa/Scer\GAL4^{Orco.T:Hsim\VP16} (Yao and Carlson, 2010, Yao and Carlson, 2010)
Partially rescued by	Gαs^R60 is partially rescued by Gαs^+t10 (Hou et al., 2003) Gαs^R60 is partially rescued by Gαs^W24.Scer\UAS/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu (Hou et al., 2003)
Not rescued by	Gαs^R60 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PW/Gαs^W24.Scer\UAS (Hou et al., 2003)
Comments	Expression of G-sα60A[Scer\UAS.cCa] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Orco.T:Hsim\VP16] in homozygous G-sα60A[R60] ab3A olfactory receptor neurons rescues the reduced odour response seen in these neurons at near saturating concentrations of either methyl butyrate or butyric acid. (Yao and Carlson, 2010) Expression of one copy of G-sα60A^+t10 is able to rescue some aspects of the synaptic impairment in G-sα60A^R60 homozygote mutant embryos, while it fails to rescue other aspects. For example, G-sα60A^+t10 partially rescues the synaptic facilitation during tetanic stimulation defect, it enhances the asynchronous transmitter release during and after tetanus and it increases the frequency and amplitude of mSCs. However, embryos expressing G-sα60A^+t10 still show a failure to evoke synaptic currents in response to nerve stimulation, they still lack post-tetanic potentiation and still exhibit a skewed amplitude distribution. Expression of G-sα60A^W24.Scer\UAS in neurons, driven by Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, restores many synaptic defects in G-sα60A^R60 embryos. One notable exception is that post-tetanic potentiation is not as strong as that observed in heterozygous G-sα60A^R60 embryos. In contrast, when G-sα60A^W24.Scer\UAS is expressed in muscle, driven by Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PW, it completely fails to rescue the synaptic impairment seen in G-sα60A^R60 embryos. (Hou et al., 2003)
Stocks ( 1 )
Bloomington	6340 P{neoFRT}42D bw¹ Gαs^R60/SM6b, P{eve-lacZ8.0}SB1
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Null allele. (Forte, 2001.7.31)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 9 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	dgs^R60 (Hou et al., 2003, Wolfgang et al., 2004, Wolfgang et al., 2001) dgs^R60c (Hou et al., 2003) dgs^R60C (Kimura et al., 2004) DGsα^R60 (Ueno et al., 2006) Gsalpha60A^R60 (Bronstein et al., 2010) G-sα60A^R60 G-sα60A^R60c Gα_s^R60 (Yao and Carlson, 2010) Gαs^R60
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 8 )
Research paper	Bronstein et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(8): e1001063 Transcriptional regulation by CHIP/LDB complexes. [FBrf0211594] Yao and Carlson, 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(13): 4562--4572 Role of G-proteins in odor-sensing and CO2-sensing neurons in Drosophila. [FBrf0210441] Ueno et al., 2006, J. Neurosci. 26(23): 6143--6152 Gsalpha is involved in sugar perception in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0195217] Kimura et al., 2004, Development 131(7): 1597--1606 Activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway is required for post-ecdysial cell death in wing epidermal cells of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0174562] Wolfgang et al., 2004, Dev. Biol. 268(2): 295--311 Signaling through Gs alpha is required for the growth and function of neuromuscular synapses in Drosophila. [FBrf0174523] Hou et al., 2003, J. Neurosci. 23(13): 5897--5905 Presynaptic impairment of synaptic transmission in Drosophila embryos lacking Gs(alpha). [FBrf0160617] Wolfgang et al., 2001, Genetics 158(3): 1189--1201 Genetic analysis of the Drosophila Gs gene. [FBrf0137254]
Personal communication to FlyBase	Forte, 2001.7.31, G-salpha60A<up>R60c</up>. G-salpha60A^R60c. [FBrf0137513]

Allele Dmel\GαsR60

Allele Dmel\Gαs^R60