Allele Dmel\Lar⁴⁵¹

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Lar⁴⁵¹	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0128173
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Lar

Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Clandinin et al., 2001)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal (with Lar²¹²⁷) (Prakash et al., 2009) optomotor response defective \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) visual behavior defective \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001)
Phenotype Manifest In
	photoreceptor cell & growth cone \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) photoreceptor cell R2 & axon \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) photoreceptor cell R3 & axon \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) photoreceptor cell R4 & axon \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) photoreceptor cell R5 & axon \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001) photoreceptor cell R7 & axon \| somatic clone (Clandinin et al., 2001)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Using the MARCM method, in 100% of cartridges in which lamina neurons are homozygous for Lar⁴⁵¹, normal spacing and structure is observed. The projections of R4 axons are invariably unaffected by the presence of mutant target cells. (Choe et al., 2006) Mosaic flies in which the photoreceptor cells are homozygous show defects in the optomotor response (72% fail to respond to a motion stimulus) and the UV/visual light choice test (34% show phototaxis towards visible light, compared to only 12% of wild-type flies). Initial photoreceptor cell projections (in third instar larvae) are largely normal in mosaic animals in which the photoreceptor cells are homozygous. A small number of R2-R5 axons overshoot the lamina and terminate aberrantly in the medulla. Targetting of R8 axons to the medulla appears normal at this stage. R7 growth cones form a regular array of 8-10 rows in the medulla, as in wild type. Photoreceptor cell growth cones in the lamina often fail to extend out of the ommatidial bundle towards their normal neuronal targets. Those growth cones that fail to leave the bundle are abnormally thin and have few filopodia. The regular array of photoreceptor cell terminals in the lamina plexus that is normally seen during mid-pupal development is only slightly disrupted in the mosaic animals. R7 growth cones extend beyond the R8 layer in early pupae in which the photoreceptor cells are homozygous (as occurs in wild type) but the R7 growth cones have an abnormal bush-like structure. In the older part of the medulla some R7 growth cones fail to stay in the R7 recipient layer and retract towards the R8 recipient layer. In mid-pupae the rows of R7 termini have gaps, and the termini often show an aberrant "collapsed" morphology, with only a thin process remaining at the normal termination site. The expressivity of the R7 morphology defects correlates strongly with the age of the R7 terminus. 50% of single homozygous R1-R6 photoreceptor cells in the lamina (induced in a heterozygous background) fail to extend out from the ommatidial bundle before elaborating the presynaptic terminal, producing a presynaptic terminal in an inappropriate position. In the remaining cases, the axon fibre extends to an apparently normal position before thickening to form the presynaptic terminal. The morphology of the presynaptic terminal is largely normal. Mutant R1-R6 axon termini extend into the lamina plexus (as in wild type) but are somewhat more irregular in thickness than controls. Single homozygous R7 photoreceptor cells in the lamina (induced in a heterozygous background) often (68%) fail to terminate at their normal target layer (M6) and instead terminate at the M3 layer or at variable positions in the medulla neuropil between M3 and M6. Those mutant R7 axons that terminate in the appropriate layer have abnormal morphology, with the mutant termini assuming a spear-like morphology (instead of the normal button-like appearance). Mosaic adults in which the whole eye is homozygous show 78% mistargeted R7 axons. (Clandinin et al., 2001)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement Reference Lar²¹²⁷/Lar⁴⁵¹ has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by CadN[+]/CadN^Δ14 (Prakash et al., 2009) Lar²¹²⁷/Lar⁴⁵¹ has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by Liprin-α^E/Liprin-alpha[+] (Prakash et al., 2009)
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 4 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	DLAR^omb451 (Prakash et al., 2009) LAR⁴⁵¹ (Clandinin et al., 2001) Lar⁴⁵¹ Lar^omb451 (Choe et al., 2006)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 3 )
Research paper	Prakash et al., 2009, Dev. Biol. 336(1): 10--19 Complex interactions amongst N-cadherin, DLAR, and Liprin-alpha regulate Drosophila photoreceptor axon targeting. [FBrf0209258] Choe et al., 2006, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103(31): 11601--11606 Liprin-alpha is required for photoreceptor target selection in Drosophila. [FBrf0195369] Clandinin et al., 2001, Neuron 32(2): 237--248 Drosophila LAR regulates R1-R6 and R7 target specificity in the visual system. [FBrf0139776]

Allele Dmel\Lar451

Allele Dmel\Lar⁴⁵¹