Allele Dmel\SAK^c06612

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\SAK^c06612	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0159857
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\SAK

Map ( GBrowse )	Untitled Document
Allele class
Mutagen	piggyBac transposase
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	piggyBac transposase (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2004.11.6)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References transposable element insertion site 3L:21,506,668..21,506,668 (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2004.11.6, Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference
Caused by insertion	PBac{PB}SAK^c06612 (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2004.11.6, Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	developmental rate defective (with Df(3L)Pc-2q) (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) lethal \| adult stage (with Df(3L)Pc-2q) (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) lethal \| adult stage \| partially (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) lethal \| embryonic stage (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) male sterile (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) meiotic cell cycle defective (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) mitotic cell cycle defective (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) sterile (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) sterile (with Df(3L)Pc-2q) (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) uncoordinated \| adult stage (with Df(3L)Pc-2q) (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005)
Phenotype Manifest In
	astral microtubule & primary spermatocyte (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) centriole (Blachon et al., 2009, Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) centriole & larval brain (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) centriole & primary spermatocyte (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) centrosome (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) centrosome & larval brain (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) centrosome & primary spermatocyte (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) embryo (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) primary spermatocyte (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) spermatid (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Blachon et al., 2009) spermatid axoneme (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) spermatocyte (Blachon et al., 2009) spermatozoon (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) spindle (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) spindle & larval brain (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) spindle & primary spermatocyte (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Mutants have a reduced number of centrioles in spermatocytes and reduced proximal centriole-like formation in spermatids. (Blachon et al., 2009) 68% of SAK[c06612] mutant primary spermatocytes do not have centrioles. All of the acentriolar spindles analysed are abnormal and these abnormal spindles result in dramatic chromosome segregation defects. Spermatids from SAK[c06612] mutants frequently have multiple nuclei of differing sizes indicative of unequal partitioning of chromosomes in meiosis. Embryos derived from homozygous SAK[c06612] mutant mothers contain very few spindles, with a maximum of 16 spindles compared to up to 8000 in wild type. These spindles are abnormally shaped with broad poles lacking centrioles. Free asters are also observed in 57% of SAK[c06612] mutant embryos, and these contain only one centriole, compared to the two centrioles seen at wild type spindle poles. All mutant embryos become arrested in mitosis and fail to develop. (Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008) Mitotic cells in larval brains of SAK^c06612 flies can lack centrosomes and show both focused and splayed poles. These cells often have two, one, or zero centrosomes and lack centrioles. The brains of mutant larvae are of normal size and the proportion of brain cells in mitosis is similar to wild-type brains, indicating no obvious defects in cell-cycle progression. A high proportion of SAK^c06612 primary spermatocytes have no centrioles at one or both spindles in meiosis I. When centrioles are absent, the spindle poles are broad. There are either no astral microtubules, or disorganized spindles are formed. SAK^c06612 mutants lose their centrioles during the mitotic divisions preceding male meiosis but still produce cysts of 16 primary spermatocytes as in the wild type. The absence of centrioles prevents the mutant spermatids from making sperm axonemes. Cells that have no axonemes have irregular size and numbers of mitochondrial derivatives per cell. The majority of sperm from SAK^c06612 mutant testes are nonmotile, leading to male sterility. Mathematical modeling of the stereotyped cell divisions of spermatogenesis can account for centriole loss by defective centriole duplication. (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005) SAK^c06612/Df(3L)Pc-2q mutants pupate 1 day later than SAK^c06612/+ or Df(3L)Pc-2q/+ heterozygotes. Although all SAK^c06612/Df(3L)Pc-2q flies eclose, the majority of adults are uncoordinated and die after getting stuck in food. 75% of SAK^c06612 homozygotes survive after eclosion. The brains of SAK^c06612 flies show centrosome defects in mitotic cells; this effect is greater in hemizygous flies. (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Comments
Stocks ( 2 )
Bloomington	17774 w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{PB}SAK^c06612/TM6B, Tb¹
Harvard	- PBac{PB}SAK^c06612
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	plk4^c06612 (Blachon et al., 2009) SAK^c06612
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 7 )
Research paper	Blachon et al., 2009, Genetics 182(1): 133--144 A proximal centriole-like structure is present in Drosophila spermatids and can serve as a model to study centriole duplication. [FBrf0211489] Rodrigues-Martins et al., 2008, Cell Cycle 7(1): 11--16 From centriole biogenesis to cellular function: centrioles are essential for cell division at critical developmental stages. [FBrf0202582] Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Curr. Biol. 15(24): 2199--2207 SAK/PLK4 is required for centriole duplication and flagella development. [FBrf0189998] Read et al., 2005, Genetics 171(3): 1057--1081 A Drosophila model of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. [FBrf0190765]
Supplementary material	Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2005, Curr. Biol. 15(24): SAK/PLK4 is required for centriole duplication and flagella development. [FBrf0191755]
Personal communication to FlyBase	Gene Disruption Project members and Exelixis, 2005, Genomic mapping of Exelixis insertion collection. (Computer file) Genomic mapping of Exelixis insertion collection. (Computer file) [FBrf0184340] Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2004.11.6, Exelixis insertion alleles that are not in FlyBase. Exelixis insertion alleles that are not in FlyBase. [FBrf0179797]

Allele Dmel\SAKc06612

Allele Dmel\SAK^c06612