Allele Dmel\Dap160^Δ2

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Dap160^Δ2	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0160634
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Dap160

Allele class
Mutagen	Delta2-3
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	Delta2-3 (Koh et al., 2004)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype	Dap160^EP2543 (Koh et al., 2004)
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Imprecise excision of the P{EP} element. (Koh et al., 2004)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	endocytosis defective (with Dap160^Δ1) (Kasprowicz et al., 2008) lethal (with Df(2L)bur-K1) (Koh et al., 2004) lethal \| larval stage \| recessive (Koh et al., 2004) lethal \| pharate adult stage (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004) neuroanatomy defective (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004) neuroanatomy defective \| third instar larval stage (with Dap160^EMS1) (Schulte et al., 2010) neurophysiology defective (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004)
Phenotype Manifest In
	bouton (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004) bouton \| supernumerary (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004) neuromuscular junction (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004) NMJ bouton \| supernumerary (with Dap160^EMS1) (Schulte et al., 2010) synaptic vesicle (with Dap160^Δ1) (Koh et al., 2004)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Dap160[EMS1]/Dap160[Δ2] third instar larvae have supernumerary boutons at the neuromuscular junctions of muscles 6/7 and 4 compared to controls. (Schulte et al., 2010) The levels of membrane uptake (dye internalisation) in Dap160[Δ1]/Dap160[Δ2] mutant synaptic boutons in response to nerve stimulation is significantly reduced compared to controls. Increased uptake is seen when these flies are treated with chlorpromazine. (Kasprowicz et al., 2008) Homozygotes die as third instar larvae. Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology is abnormal in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 third instar larvae; boutons are irregularly spaced and large boutons are surrounded by smaller satellite boutons. Bouton number normalised to muscle area is significantly increased in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 larvae (3.5 +/- 0.07 μm^-2) compared to controls (1.7 +/- 0.07 μm^-2). In addition, the boutons show more frequent branching than controls; the larval NMJ has 26.2 +/- 2.1 branch points per synapse in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 animals compared to 5.1 +/- 0.3 branch points per synapse for controls. In 5mM Ca²⁺ at 22^oC, the amplitude of the excitatory junctional potential (EJP) at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 third instar larvae is not different from that of controls. The EJP amplitude at the NMJ of Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 third instar larvae is normal in 5mM Ca²⁺ at 34^oC. In 0.5 mM Ca²⁺, the EJP amplitude at the NMJ of Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 third instar larvae is normal at 22^oC, and is slightly reduced compared to controls at 34^oC. In 0.5mM Ca²⁺, the frequency of miniature EJPs (mEJPs) at the NMJ is increased more than 2 fold in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 larvae compared to controls at 22^oC. mEJPs with an unusually large amplitude are seen at both 22^oC and 34^oC. Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 larvae show a mild defect in endocytosis at 22^oC (assayed by dye uptake in third instar fillet preparations), which is exacerbated at 36^oC. Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 larvae show a stimulation-dependent decrease in EJP amplitude when stimulated at 10Hz. This decrease is more severe at 34^oC than at 22^oC. Ultrastructural analysis of the NMJ shows that the number of vesicles is reduced to about 60% of controls in Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 larvae at 22^oC without stimulation. The number of vesicles is further reduced to about 23% of controls upon stimulation in 60mM K⁺ at 34^oC. The number of active zones is not reduced in the mutant larvae compared to controls, but there is a reduction in the number of vesicles at the active zones in mutant larvae at 22^oC without stimulation and a further decrease upon stimulation with 60mM K⁺ at 34^oC. There are an increased number of vesicles with large diameter in the mutant synapses. Endocytic intermediates, mostly consisting of collared pits and Ω structures are seen in the mutants (these structures are rarely seen in controls). The collared pits are seen at both the active zones and in periactive zones in the mutant larvae. (Koh et al., 2004)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 is rescued by Dap160^{+tCH322-154I22} (Venken et al., 2009) Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 is rescued by Dap160^Scer\UAS.cKa/Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL (Koh et al., 2004) Dap160^Δ1/Dap160^Δ2 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Dap160^Scer\UAS.cKa (Koh et al., 2004)
Comments
Stocks ( 1 )
Bloomington	24878 w^*; Dap160^Δ2/CyO, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC3, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC7
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	Allelic series (based on protein expression data, complementation data and lethal phase): Dap160^Δ1 = Dap160^Δ2 > Dap160^Δ3 = Dap160^Δ4 = Dap160^Δ5 > Dap160^EMS > Dap160^Δ6. (Koh et al., 2004)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Dap160^Δ2 (Schulte et al., 2010) dap160^Δ2 (Venken et al., 2009, Kasprowicz et al., 2008)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 4 )
Research paper	Schulte et al., 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(15): 5189--5203 DMob4/Phocein regulates synapse formation, axonal transport, and microtubule organization. [FBrf0210612] Kasprowicz et al., 2008, J. Cell Biol. 182(5): 1007--1016 Inactivation of clathrin heavy chain inhibits synaptic recycling but allows bulk membrane uptake. [FBrf0215754] Koh et al., 2004, Neuron 43(2): 193--205 Dap160/Intersectin acts as a stabilizing scaffold required for synaptic development and vesicle endocytosis. [FBrf0179283]
Supplementary material	Venken et al., 2009, Nat. Methods 6(6): Supplementary figures and text. [FBrf0210704]

Allele Dmel\Dap160Δ2

Allele Dmel\Dap160^Δ2