Allele Dmel\Drp1²

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Drp1²	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0176234
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Drp1

Allele class
Mutagen
Recent Updates
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FB2012_01
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Mutation identified by sequence analysis. (Ly, 2005.3.2)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal (with Drp1¹) (Ly, 2005.3.2) lethal \| recessive (Ly, 2005.3.2) neurophysiology defective (Ly, 2005.3.2)
Phenotype Manifest In
	embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (Verstreken et al., 2005) mitochondrion (with Drp1¹) (Rival et al., 2011, Rival et al., 2011) mitochondrion & bouton (Verstreken et al., 2005) mitochondrion & bouton (with Drp1¹) (Verstreken et al., 2005) mitochondrion & larval nervous system (Verstreken et al., 2005) mitochondrion & larval salivary gland (Verstreken et al., 2005) mitochondrion & motor neuron (Verstreken et al., 2005)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference In Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] mutant adult flight muscles, the mitochondria are enlarged (being round in shape) and fewer in number compared to wild type but contain intact internal structures. (Rival et al., 2011) Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] cells contain fewer mitochondria per cell than wild type and mitochondrial morphology is abnormal. (Rival et al., 2011) Shows defects in neurotransmitter release. (Ly, 2005.3.2) Homozygous third larval instar salivary gland cells show clustering of mitochondria. Homozygous third larval instar brains show reduced levels of mitochondria in the neuropil and clumps of mitochondria in the motor neuron cell bodies bordering the ventral nerve cord. Fewer mitochondria than normal are seen in the axons of homozygous motor neurons and they form long threads that are rarely seen in controls. Mitochondrial number per bouton is reduced at homozygous and Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] neuromuscular junctions. Bouton number per muscle are and synapse length per muscle area are not different from those of controls in Drp1[2] neuromuscular junctions, although neuromuscular junction branching is slightly increased. Intracellular resting Ca[2+] in Drp1[2] boutons is approximately 2-fold higher than the level in controls. Neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction (measured by the excitatory junctional potential (EJP) amplitude) is not affected when stimulated at 1Hz in 0.6mM, 1mM or 5mM extracellular Ca[2+] at 22[o]C, or in 5mM Ca[2+] at 36[o]C, and is only elevated in 0.25mM extracellular Ca[2+] in Drp1[2] mutants. At 0.25mM extracellular Ca[2+], controls fail to evoke EJPs in 20% of the stimulations, whereas Drp1[2] animals only fail 4% of the time. Drp1[2] mutants cannot maintain normal neurotransmission (measured by the EJP) during high frequency (10Hz) stimulation at 22[o]C in contrast to controls. This phenotype is exacerbated at 36[o]C and can be partially rescued by ATP. Endocytosis and exocytosis of endo cycling pool vesicles at the neuromuscular junction is not disrupted in stimulated Drp1[2] mutants, but the mutants show a defect in the cycling of reserve pool vesicles. (Verstreken et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of flightless phenotype of park¹ (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of flightless phenotype of Pink1^B9 (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of park¹ (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of Pink1^B9 (Park et al., 2009)
Other
Statement Reference Df(3L)Pmi-PGRP-LD, Drp1²/Drp1¹ has lethal phenotype (Rival et al., 2011, Rival et al., 2011)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement Reference Drp1²/Drp1¹ has mitochondrion phenotype, suppressible by Marf^{miRNA.UTR.Scer\UAS}/Scer\GAL4^elav.PU (Rival et al., 2011) Drp1²/Drp1¹ has mitochondrion phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav.PU/Marf^{miRNA.CDS.Scer\UAS} (Rival et al., 2011) Drp1²/Drp1¹ has mitochondrion phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav.PU/opa1-like^{miRNA.CDS.Scer\UAS} (Rival et al., 2011)
NOT suppressed by
Statement Reference Drp1²/Drp1¹ has mitochondrion phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav.PU/Pmi^Scer\UAS.cRa (Rival et al., 2011)
NOT Suppressor of
Statement Reference Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of adult thorax phenotype of park¹ (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of adult thorax phenotype of Pink1^B9 (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron phenotype of Pink1^B9 (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of wing phenotype of park¹ (Park et al., 2009) Drp1²/Drp1[+] is a non-suppressor of wing phenotype of Pink1^B9 (Park et al., 2009)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Expression of either Marf[miRNA.CDS.Scer\UAS], Marf[miRNA.UTR.Scer\UAS] or opa1-like[miRNA.CDS.Scer\UAS] under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav.PU] is sufficient to restore a normal filamentous mitochondrial network in Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] flies. Expression of Pmi[Scer\UAS.cRa] under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav.PU] does not rescue mitochondrial morphology in Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] flies. (Rival et al., 2011) Flies expressing porin[Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG] under the control of Scer\GAL4[Mef2.PR] in a Drp1[2]/+ background show defects in mitochondrial morphology in the indirect flight muscles, with smaller or almost completely abolished mitochondria. (Park et al., 2010) The downturned wing, crushed thorax and flightless phenotypes of Pink1[B9] mutant flies are not suppressed by Drp1[2]/+. The swollen mitochondria phenotype seen in dopaminergic neurons of Pink1[B9] mutants is not suppressed by Drp1[2]/+. (Park et al., 2009)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	Drp1¹ (Ly, 2005.3.2) Drp1^H7 (Ly, 2005.3.2) Drp1^KG03815 (Ly, 2005.3.2, Verstreken et al., 2005) Drp1^T26 (Ly, 2005.3.2)
Rescued by	Drp1²/Drp1¹ is rescued by Drp1^+t9.4 (Verstreken et al., 2005) Drp1²/Drp1¹ is rescued by Drp1^Scer\UAS.cDa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PU (Rival et al., 2011) Drp1²/Drp1¹ is rescued by Drp1^{T:Zzzz\FLAG,T:Zzzz\TC,T:Ivir\HA1} (Verstreken et al., 2005) Drp1² is rescued by Drp1^+t9.4 (Verstreken et al., 2005) Drp1² is rescued by Drp1^{+tCH322-83H15} (Venken et al., 2009) Drp1² is rescued by Drp1^{T:Zzzz\FLAG,T:Zzzz\TC,T:Ivir\HA1} (Verstreken et al., 2005)
Comments	Expression of Drp1[Scer\UAS.cDa] under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav.PU] rescues mitochondrial morphology in Drp1[1]/Drp1[2] flies. (Rival et al., 2011) Lethality of Drp1² and Drp1¹/Drp1² rescued by a genomic rescue construct spanning the 'CG3210' annotation. (Ly, 2005.3.2)
Stocks ( 1 )
Bloomington	24899 y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2 P{GMR-lacZ.C(38.1)}TPN1; P{Car20y}25F Drp1² P{neoFRT}40A/CyO, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC3, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC7
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	drp1² (Ly, 2005.3.2, Rival et al., 2011, Rival et al., 2011, Verstreken et al., 2005, Park et al., 2009, Yang et al., 2008, Park et al., 2010, Deng et al., 2008) Drp1² (Venken et al., 2009, Imai et al., 2010) frat² (Ly, 2005.3.2, Verstreken et al., 2005)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 10 )
Research paper	Rival et al., 2011, EMBO Rep. 12(3): 223--230 Inner-membrane proteins PMI/TMEM11 regulate mitochondrial morphogenesis independently of the DRP1/MFN fission/fusion pathways. [FBrf0213174] Imai et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(12): e1001229 The Loss of PGAM5 Suppresses the Mitochondrial Degeneration Caused by Inactivation of PINK1 in Drosophila. [FBrf0212500] Park et al., 2010, PLoS ONE 5(10): e13151 Drosophila Porin/VDAC Affects Mitochondrial Morphology. [FBrf0212060] Park et al., 2009, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 378(3): 518--523 The PINK1-Parkin pathway is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial remodeling process. [FBrf0207317] Deng et al., 2008, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105(38): 14503--14508 The Parkinson's disease genes pink1 and parkin promote mitochondrial fission and/or inhibit fusion in Drosophila. [FBrf0206104] Yang et al., 2008, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105(19): 7070--7075 Pink1 regulates mitochondrial dynamics through interaction with the fission/fusion machinery. [FBrf0205047] Verstreken et al., 2005, Neuron 47(3): 365--378 Synaptic mitochondria are critical for mobilization of reserve pool vesicles at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions. [FBrf0188182]
Supplementary material	Rival et al., 2011, EMBO Rep. 12(3): Supplementary material. [FBrf0213707] Venken et al., 2009, Nat. Methods 6(6): Supplementary figures and text. [FBrf0210704]
Personal communication to FlyBase	Ly, 2005.3.2, Helping FlyBase: ADRC-50399. Helping FlyBase: ADRC-50399. [FBrf0183137]

Allele Dmel\Drp12

Allele Dmel\Drp1²