Allele Dmel\β4GalNAcTA^4.1

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\β4GalNAcTA^4.1	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0176441
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\β4GalNAcTA

Allele class
Mutagen	Delta2-3
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Mutagen	Delta2-3 (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype	β4GalNAcTA^EP2551 (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Imprecise excision of the insertion in β4GalNAcTA^EP2551, resulting in a deletion of 610bp in the β4GalNAcTA gene, which is predicted to delete the first 143 amino acids. (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	bang sensitive (Haines and Irvine, 2005) locomotor behavior defective (Haines and Irvine, 2005) locomotor behavior defective \| third instar larval stage (Haines and Stewart, 2007) locomotor behavior defective \| third instar larval stage (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) neuroanatomy defective (Haines and Stewart, 2007) neuroanatomy defective (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) neurophysiology defective (Haines and Stewart, 2007) neurophysiology defective (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) viable (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
Phenotype Manifest In
	A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (Haines and Stewart, 2007) A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (Haines and Stewart, 2007) A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (Haines and Stewart, 2007) embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) NMJ bouton (Haines and Stewart, 2007) NMJ bouton (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) sarcomere & abdominal ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007) sarcomere & abdominal ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (with Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1) (Haines and Stewart, 2007)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Homozygous third instar larvae display a reduced number of forward body-wall contractions compared to controls and the mutant larvae show frequent backward crawling. Forward crawling in the mutant larvae is often interrupted with pauses, backward contractions, head swinging and changes in direction. β4GalNAcTA^4.1/Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1 third instar larvae also show decreased forward and increased backward movement compared to controls. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of homozygous and β4GalNAcTA^4.1/Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1 third instar larvae (the muscle 6 and 7 NMJ from segments 3 or 4 has been examined) is significantly shorter than that of controls and is less branched. The mutant NMJ also has fewer synaptic boutons than normal. The amplitude of spontaneous mEJPs and evoked EJPs is not significantly different from wild type at the homozygous or β4GalNAcTA^4.1/Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1 NMJ, although there is a significant reduction in the frequency of mEJPs in homozygous and β4GalNAcTA^4.1/Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1 NMJs. The length along the muscle 6/7 boundary is decreased and the combined width of these two muscles is increased in homozygous and β4GalNAcTA^4.1/Df(2R)β4GalNAcTA^20.1 mutants compared to controls. This is due to hypercontraction of the muscles, as the length of individual sarcomere units is decreased in the mutants. (Haines and Stewart, 2007) Mutant flies are significantly more sluggish in a climbing assay that control flies and often fail to climb at all. Mutant flies take longer to right themselves after a fall in response to mechanical agitation than control flies. (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference β4GalNAcTB^GT β4GalNAcTA^4.1 double mutants are viable, fertile and morphologically normal. The double mutant flies show locomotor defects (reduced climbing ability and bang sensitivity) similar to those seen in β4GalNAcTA^4.1 single mutants. (Haines and Irvine, 2005)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Rescued by	β4GalNAcTA^4.1 is rescued by β4GalNAcTA^+t2.4 (Haines and Irvine, 2005, Haines and Stewart, 2007)
Partially rescued by	β4GalNAcTA^4.1 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^how-24B/Scer\GAL4^how-24B/β4GalNAcTA^Scer\UAS.cIa (Haines and Stewart, 2007) β4GalNAcTA^4.1 is partially rescued by β4GalNAcTA^Scer\UAS.cIa/Scer\GAL4^B185 (Haines and Stewart, 2007) β4GalNAcTA^4.1 is partially rescued by β4GalNAcTA^Scer\UAS.cIa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu (Haines and Stewart, 2007)
Comments
Stocks ( 1 )
Bloomington	9379 w^*; β4GalNAcTA^4.1/CyO
Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	β4GalNAcTA^4.1 β4Gal-NAcTA^4.1 (Haines and Stewart, 2007)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 2 )
Research paper	Haines and Stewart, 2007, Genetics 175(2): 671--679 Functional roles for β1,4-N-acedygalactosaminyltransferase-A in Drosophila larval neurons and muscles. [FBrf0192615] Haines and Irvine, 2005, Glycobiology 15(4): 335--346 Functional analysis of Drosophila 1,4-N-acetlygalactosaminyltransferases. [FBrf0182892]

Allele Dmel\β4GalNAcTA4.1

Allele Dmel\β4GalNAcTA^4.1