Imprecise excision of the P{EP}EP1542 element, resulting in deletion of the C-terminal 457 amino acids, including sequences corresponding to the 'DAD' domain and most of the 'FH2' domain.
DAAMEx68 mutant larvae develop small muscles, as compared to controls.
The ISNb nerve terminals in DAAMEx68 mutant embryos often show guidance defects and premature terminations, as compared to controls.
The larval neuromuscular junctions at muscles 4 and 6/7 in DAAMEx68 hemizygous males are significantly smaller, display significantly fewer synaptic boutons and significantly fewer synaptic vesicles, but do not show actin organization defects nor obvious active zone or T-bar defects, as compared to controls; the enervated muscles, however, do not show significant size defects, as compared to controls. DAAMEx68 heterozygous females, however, do not show defects in synaptic bouton number compared to controls.
The larval muscle 4 neuromuscular junctions in DAAMEx68 hemizygous males expressing DAAMUAS.cMb under the control of Scer\GAL4btl.PS larvae show fragmented/absent presynaptic microtubules bundles and 'bouton fusion', as compared to controls. Synaptic transmission across this junction show a significant decrease in evoked excitatory junction current amplitude, but do not show significant changes in evoked excitatory junction current frequency or in miniature excitatory junction current amplitude, as compared to controls.
The tracheal dorsal trunk of DAAMEx68 homozygous stage 17 embryos exhibit heterogeneous patterns of hardly detected taenidial folds and thin F-actin bundles with stretches of perpendicular structures followed by stretches of parallel structures when compared to controls.
The body size and somatic musculature of early DAAMEx68 third instar larvae appear normal, but late third instar larvae (100 hours after egg laying) are shorter than normal and have slight muscle defects (muscles are smaller than normal, some myofibres are split and their general organisation is looser than in wild type). Muscle VL3 is reduced in both length and width, due to both sarcomere shortening and a reduction in sarcomere numbers.
Motility of mutant early third instar larvae is normal, but mutant late third instar larvae have significantly reduced motility compared to wild type.
DAAMEx68 homozygous mutant embryos display subtle defects in the neuropile, such as thinning of or gaps in the connectives (in 1.5% of embryos), or partial lack of the lateral most Fas2 positive tract. DAAMEx68 maternal and zygotic mutant embryos fail to cellularise properly.
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx1 mutant embryos (in which both maternal and zygotic functions are impaired) show severe CNS phenotypes. Thirty-four percent of these embryos exhibit severe morphological aberrations, some with completely disorganized nerve cords. Another 35% display frequent breaks in connectives and commissures, misrouted axons, or failures in commissure separation and, in extreme cases, an almost complete lack of axon bundles. There do not appear to be differences in neuron numbers between DAAMEx68/DAAMEx1 and wild-type embryos, suggesting that the CNS phenotypes are caused by defects in neurite growth rather than aberrant lineage formation. Axonal growth defects are seen before stages 12 and 13, indicating cell death/degeneration is not involved.
Primary neuronal cultures developed from DAAMEx68/DAAMEx1 or DAAMEx68 homozygous mutant embryos are able to develop axons of similar length as their wild-type counterparts. However, filopodia of mutant neurons are reduced in number by 62% and in length by 26%.
DAAMEx68 mutant larvae display severe trachea defects, including the collapse and flattening of the tracheal tubes in both the main airways and the side branches. Tracheal tubes of DAAMEx68 mutant larvae fail to secrete such a highly ordered cuticle as that observed in wild-type larvae. Although some local order is visible, short and curvy apical ridges that rarely run perpendicular to the tube axis can be observed throughout the tracheal system.
DAAMEx68/Df(1)AD11 transheterozygotes show the same strong larval tracheal phenotype as DAAMEx68 homozygotes.
In contrast to the actin organization found in wild-type tracheal cells, in DAAMEx68 mutants this organization is completely abolished. The overall level of apical F-actin is not reduced in the DAAMEx68 mutant tracheal cells but the actin bundles display abnormal morphology and fail to be organized into parallel running actin rings under the apical surface of the cells. Although the global actin organization is severely impaired , local order can often be detected in small patches within a cell. The cuticle pattern of DAAMEx68 mutants displays a similar phenotype.
DAAMEx4/DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy | P-stage phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc422
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ/MtlΔ
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11, Rac2Δ has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by MtlΔ
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by chic[+]/chic221
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by ena[+]/enaGC5
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by Rho172F
DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by ena02029/ena[+]
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4elav-C155/Mmus\Daam1UAS.EGFP
DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of abnormal size | adult stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU, salsUAS.Tag:FLAG
DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor of abnormal flight phenotype of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU, salsUAS.Tag:FLAG
DAAMEx68, FrlEx83 has decreased cell size | somatic clone | cell autonomous | adult stage phenotype
DAAMEx4/DAAMEx68 has ommatidium | P-stage phenotype, enhanceable by Cdc422
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Ank2f00518/Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by futschCR13
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by futschCR13
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 has filopodium phenotype, enhanceable by Arpc11
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by Rho172F
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by Rac2Δ
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ/MtlΔ
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11/Rac2Δ/MtlΔ
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by Rho172F
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11, Rac2Δ has connective phenotype, enhanceable by MtlΔ
DAAMEx68, Rac1J11, Rac2Δ has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by MtlΔ
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by chic[+]/chic221
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by chic[+]/chic221
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by ena[+]/enaGC5
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by ena[+]/enaGC5
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by ena02029/ena[+]
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by ena02029/ena[+]
DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11
DAAMEx68 has lateral longitudinal fascicle phenotype, enhanceable by Rac1J11
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by Ank2XLΔ/Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by futschCR13
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Ank2XLΔ/Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Ank2f00518/Ank2f00518
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 has connective phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4elav-C155/Mmus\Daam1UAS.EGFP
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by tkv7/tkv[+]
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by tkv7/tkv[+]
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Ank2[+]/Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Ank2[+]/Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by wg[+]/wgl-8
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by wg[+]/wgl-8
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by wg[+]/wgl-8
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by tkv7/tkv[+]
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by dia[+]/dia5
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by dia[+]/dia5
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by dia[+]/dia5
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Lar[+]/Lar13.2
DAAMEx68 has NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Lar[+]/Lar13.2
DAAMEx68 has larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Lar[+]/Lar13.2
DAAMEx68 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Ank2[+]/Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of futschCR13
DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype of futschCR13
DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of larval LL1 motor neuron | larval stage phenotype of futschCR13
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype of Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of NMJ bouton | larval stage phenotype of Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 is an enhancer of filopodium phenotype of Arpc11
DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of indirect flight muscle | adult stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU, salsUAS.Tag:FLAG
DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of sarcomere | adult stage phenotype of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU, salsUAS.Tag:FLAG
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of microtubule | larval stage phenotype of Ank2f00518
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype of Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx68/DAAMEx68 is a suppressor | partially of microtubule | larval stage phenotype of Ank2XLΔ
DAAMEx68, futschCR13 has microtubule | larval stage phenotype
DAAMEx68, FrlEx83 has rhabdomere of eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone | cell autonomous | adult stage phenotype
Arp3EP3640, DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 has larval central nervous system phenotype
Arpc1Q25sd, DAAM[+]/DAAMEx68 has larval central nervous system phenotype
Sop2[+]/Arpc11, DAAMEx68 has filopodium phenotype
DAAMEx68, ena23/ena[+] has filopodium phenotype
Arpc1Q25sd/Sop2[+], DAAMEx68 has larval central nervous system phenotype
Arp3EP3640/Arp66B[+], DAAMEx68 has larval central nervous system phenotype
The larval muscle 4 neuromuscular junctions in either trio1, DAAMEx68 double heterozygotes or dia5, DAAMEx68 double heterozygotes do not show significant changes in synaptic bouton number, as compared to controls.
The larval muscle 4 neuromuscular junctions in DAAMEx68, futschCR13 double mutants show fragmented presynaptic microtubules bundles, as compared to controls.
Cultured primary neurons derived from DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 Sop21 embryos show a very strong reduction in the number of filopodia (to 5% of the wild type average) compared to control neurons. In live analyses, the mutant neurons show modestly increased protrusion rates and strongly increased retraction rates of filopodia.
Only 20% of cultured primary neurons derived from DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 Sop21/Sop2Q25sd embryos have neurites.
Cultured primary neurons derived from DAAMEx68/+ Sop21/+ and DAAMEx68/+ ena23/+ double heterozygous embryos show a significant reduction in the number of filopodia compared to control neurons.
Cultured primary neurons derived from DAAMEx68/+ chic221/+ double heterozygous embryos have a normal number of filopodia.
A Rho172F heterozygous background weakly enhances the zygotic DAAMEx68 CNS phenotype.
A Rac1J11 background enhances the zygotic DAAMEx68 CNS phenotype, with the severity of the phenotype correlating with the number of Rac1 copies removed. A DAAMEx68 heterozygous background strongly enhances the axonal growth defects exhibited by Rac1J11 mutants.
A Rac1J11/+; Rac2Δ/+ background enhances both the zygotic DAAMEx68 and DAAMEx68; Rac1J11/+ CNS phenotypes.
A Rac1J11; Rac2Δ, Mtl[Δ] heterozygous background enhances the zygotic DAAMEx68, DAAMEx68; Rac1J11/+ and DAAMEx68; Rac1J11/+; Rac2Δ/+CNS phenotypes.
A chic221 heterozygous background increases the proportion of DAAMEx68 mutant embryos that exhibit CNS defects.
A enaGC5 heterozygous background increases the proportion of DAAMEx68 mutant embryos that exhibit CNS defects.
A ena02029 heterozygous background increases the proportion of DAAMEx68 mutant embryos that exhibit CNS defects.
Expression of Mmus\Daam1Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 rescues central nervous system axon defects in 70% of DAAMEx68/DAAMEx1 embryos derived from homozygous DAAMEx1 females.
DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMUAS.cMb/Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMC.UAS.Tag:FLAG/Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMI732A.UAS/Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 is rescued by Scer\GAL4elav-C155/DAAMUASp.cMa
DAAMEx1/DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMUASp.cMa/Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMUASp.cMa/Scer\GAL4Act.PU
DAAMEx68 is rescued by DAAMUASp.cMa/Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
DAAMEx68 is partially rescued by DAAMUAS.cMb/Scer\GAL4btl.PS
DAAMEx68 is partially rescued by DAAMC.UAS.Tag:FLAG/Scer\GAL4btl.PS
DAAMEx68 is partially rescued by DAAMUASp.cMa/Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU
DAAMEx68 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU/DAAMUAS.PD
DAAMEx68 is partially rescued by DAAMUASp.cMa/Scer\GAL4btl.PS
DAAMEx68 is not rescued by DAAM876-881.UAS/Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
DAAMEx68 is not rescued by DAAMI1042A.UAS.PD/Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU
DAAMEx68 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU/DAAMI732A.UAS.PB
Expression of DAAMScer\UAS.P\T.cMa under the control of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU partially rescues the reduced motility and almost fully rescues the body and muscle size of late third instar DAAMEx68 larvae.
Expression of DAAMScer\UAS.PD under the control of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU almost fully rescues the reduced motility and the body and muscle size of late third instar DAAMEx68 larvae.
Expression of DAAMI1042A.Scer\UAS.PD under the control of Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU fails to rescue the reduced motility and the body and muscle size of late third instar DAAMEx68 larvae.
The CNS defects revealed in DAAMEx68/DAAMEx1 mutants are fully rescued when DAAMScer\UAS.P\T.cMa is expressed under the control of the pan-neuronal Scer\GAL4elav-C155 or the ubiquitous Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI driver.
Expression of DAAMScer\UAS.P\T.cMa under the control of Scer\GAL4btl.PS rescues the tracheal phenotype of DAAMEx68 mutants.