Allele Dmel\Miro^B682

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Miro^B682	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0239855
Feature type	allele	Associated gene	Dmel\Miro
Also Known As	dMiro^B682

Map ( GBrowse )
Allele class	loss of function allele
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Recent Updates
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Nature of the Allele
Allele class	loss of function allele (Guo et al., 2005)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Guo et al., 2005)
Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Type Location Additional Notes References point mutation 3R:19,862,960..19,862,960 na_change=G19862960A reported_na_change=G?A pr_change=W104 \| Miro-PD; W104 \| Miro-PE; W104 \| Miro-PC; W104 \| Miro-PF reported_pr_change=W105@ comment=Reported as a W105 to UAG nonsense mutation. (Guo et al., 2005)
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: W105@. (Guo et al., 2005)
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	body size defective \| larval stage (Guo et al., 2005) locomotor behavior defective \| larval stage \| recessive (Guo et al., 2005) neurophysiology defective \| larval stage (with Df(3R)mbc-R1) (Guo et al., 2005) neurophysiology defective \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd26) (Guo et al., 2005) neurophysiology defective \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd32) (Guo et al., 2005) neurophysiology defective \| larval stage \| recessive (Guo et al., 2005) partially lethal - majority die \| larval stage \| recessive (Guo et al., 2005) partially lethal - majority die \| pupal stage \| recessive (Guo et al., 2005) phototaxis defective \| somatic clone (Guo et al., 2005)
Phenotype Manifest In
	bouton & neuromuscular junction \| larval stage (Guo et al., 2005) bouton & neuromuscular junction \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd32) (Guo et al., 2005) microtubule & bouton (Guo et al., 2005) mitochondrion (Keller et al., 2011) mitochondrion & motor neuron \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd32) (Russo et al., 2009) mitochondrion & neuron \| larval stage (Guo et al., 2005) mitochondrion & neuron \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd23) (Guo et al., 2005) mitochondrion & neuron \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd26) (Guo et al., 2005) mitochondrion & neuron \| larval stage (with Miro^Sd32) (Guo et al., 2005) mitochondrion & somatic muscle \| larval stage (Guo et al., 2005) somatic muscle \| larval stage (Guo et al., 2005)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference In Miro[B682] mutants the majority of mitochondria remain stranded in the neuronal soma and soma-proximal axon, whereas the distal axon and presynaptic nerve terminal are largely devoid of mitochondria. There is no evidence of NMJ degeneration or altered neuromuscular growth. (Keller et al., 2011) Stimulus-dependent or resting cytosolic Ca[2+] levels are not affected by the chronic lack of mitochondria in motor neuron-terminals of Miro[B682] mutants. (Chouhan et al., 2010) Mutant neuromuscular junctions show reliable homeostatic compensation (increase in quantal content) after treatment with philanthotoxin-433 for 10 minutes. (Dickman and Davis, 2009) In the motor neurons of Miro[B682]/Miro[Sd32] larvae, mitochondria are largely absent from neuro-muscular junctions, and are present in reduced numbers in axons, mainly concentrated close to the ventral ganglion. The proportion of motile mitochondria is significantly reduced in these cells and, unlike in wild-type, many stationary mitochondria are not clustered. In addition, the motile mitochondria (both anterograde and retrograde) are significantly shorter than in wild-type. There is also a small but significant reduction in the proportion of mitochondria that are motile and in the rate of mitochondrial flux in the axons of in motor neurons of Miro[B682]/+ larvae. (Russo et al., 2009) Gross eye morphology is normal but phototaxis is defective in flies whose eyes are homozygous for Miro[B682]. Homozygous Miro[B682] larvae are small and have reduced muscles. They tend to wiggle on the spot, rather than moving forwards. Anterior segments show rhythmic contractions, but posterior segments are sluggish, sometimes paralyzed. In neurons of Miro[B682]/Miro[B682], Miro[Sd23]/Miro[B682], Miro[Sd26]/Miro[B682] or Miro[Sd32]/Miro[B682] larvae, mitochondria are retained in the cell bodies and not properly distributed to neuronal processes - most neuromuscular junctions lack mitochondria. The somatic muscles of Miro[B682]/Miro[B682] larvae also show highly abnormal distribution of mitochondria. However, the mitochondria in these animals show no structural abnormalities and have normal membrane potentials. In contrast to the effect on mitochondria, vesicle transport in the neurons of these animals is only weakly abnormal. Bouton morphology and distribution is abnormal at neuromuscular junction in Miro[B682]/Miro[B682] and Miro[B682]/Miro[Sd32] larvae. The arrangement of microtubules in the boutons of Miro[B682]/Miro[B682] larvae is also abnormal, but the actin cytoskeleton in these boutons appears normal. In Miro[B682]/Miro[B682] larvae, resting Ca2+ concentration at neuro-muscular junctions is higher than normal. In Miro[Sd32]/Miro[B682] larvae, excitatory junction potential evoked by 10Hz stimulation of neuro-muscular junctions (NMJs) starts off normal, but, unlike wild-type, rapidly decays. This phenotype is also seen in Miro[B682]/Miro[B682], Miro[B682]/Df(3R)mbc-R1 or Miro[B682]/Miro[Sd26] larvae, but not in Miro[B682]/Miro[Sd23] larvae. Prolonged 10Hz stimulation also leads to greater increases in Ca2+ concentration at NMJs than in wild-type. Miro[B682]/Miro[B682] also show a significant increase in spontaneous mini excitatory junction potentials following 10Hz stimulation of neuro-muscular junctions. (Guo et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Suppressor of
Statement Reference Miro^B682 is a suppressor of neuroanatomy defective phenotype of α-Spec^KK101541, Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 (Keller et al., 2011)
Phenotype Manifest In
NOT Enhanced by
Statement Reference Miro^B682 has mitochondrion phenotype, non-enhanceable by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/α-Spec^KK101541 (Keller et al., 2011)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference Miro^B682 is a suppressor of embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction phenotype of α-Spec^KK101541, Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 (Keller et al., 2011)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference Homozygous Miro[B682] suppresses the neuromuscular degeneration seen when α-Spec[KK101541] is expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4[elav-C155]. The decrease in the number of mitochondria seen in Miro[B682] mutants is also seen in these larvae. (Keller et al., 2011)
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Fails to complement	Miro^Sd10 (Guo et al., 2005) Miro^Sd23 (Guo et al., 2005) Miro^Sd26 (Guo et al., 2005) Miro^Sd32 (Guo et al., 2005)
Partially rescued by	Miro^B682 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Miro^Scer\UAS.cGa (Guo et al., 2005) Miro^Sd32, Miro^Sd32, Miro^B682 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^Rapgap1-OK6/Miro^{Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Russo et al., 2009)
Not rescued by	Miro^B682 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^how-24B/Scer\GAL4^how-24B/Miro^Scer\UAS.cGa (Guo et al., 2005)
Comments	Miro[Scer\UAS.cGa]; Scer\GAL4[elav-C155] rescues most of the phenotypes due to Miro[B682]/Miro[B682]: larval lethality, larval body and muscle size, distribution of mitochondria to the distal extremities of neurons, neuro-muscular junction morphology and microtubule cytoskeleton organization. None of these phenotypes are rescued by Miro[Scer\UAS.cGa]; Scer\GAL4[how-24B]. (Guo et al., 2005)
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Other Crossreferences

Linkouts

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 4 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	dMiro^B682 (Russo et al., 2009) dmiro^B682 (Chouhan et al., 2010) Miro^B682 miro^B682 (Keller et al., 2011)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 5 )
Research paper	Keller et al., 2011, Neuron 72(5): 760--775 Glial-derived prodegenerative signaling in the Drosophila neuromuscular system. [FBrf0216904] Chouhan et al., 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(5): 1869--1881 Presynaptic mitochondria in functionally different motor neurons exhibit similar affinities for Ca2+ but exert little influence as Ca2+ buffers at nerve firing rates in situ. [FBrf0209911] Dickman and Davis, 2009, Science 326(5956): 1127--1130 The schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin controls synaptic homeostasis. [FBrf0209454] Russo et al., 2009, J. Neurosci. 29(17): 5443--5455 Drosophila Miro is required for both anterograde and retrograde axonal mitochondrial transport. [FBrf0207789] Guo et al., 2005, Neuron 47(3): 379--393 The GTPase dMiro is required for axonal transport of mitochondria to Drosophila synapses. [FBrf0188178]

Allele Dmel\MiroB682

Allele Dmel\Miro^B682