Expression of fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 results in a strong wing defect in male flies, with complete penetrance. The wings appear short, sometimes stub-like, and at times necrotic. By contrast, female flies appear normal. However, increasing the dosage of fog by either increasing the copy number of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 or fogScer\UAS.cRa leads to wing defects in these females as well.
Animals expressing fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU exhibit small mitochondria that are spherical or elliptical in shape, indicating fragmentation. This effect is observed in animals raised at both 25[o]C and 28[o]C.
Overexpression of fogScer\UAS.cRa in the developing glia, under the control of Scer\GAL4repo results in 1st or 2nd instar lethality. Mutant embryos exhibit severe glial defects. The longitudinal glia exhibit a disorganised and clumped appearance, and the extension of glial processes appears abnormal.
Overexpression of fogScer\UAS.cRa in neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4elav.PLu or Scer\GAL4elav-C155 generates strong central nervous system defects. The three pairs of 1D4-positive longitudinal axon bundles in the CNS display multiple breaks and fusions and fail to extend along straight pathways. Ectopic midline crossing by 1D4-positive longitudinal axon bundles is observed in 27% of segments. In embryos carrying both Scer\GAL4elav.PLu and Scer\GAL4elav-C155, the percentage of segments with ectopic midline crossing increases to 44%. SNa defects are also observed.
Overexpression of fogScer\UAS.cRa in glia, under the control of Scer\GAL4repo, causes axon guidance defects, producing ectopic midline crossing phenotypes in 23% of segments.
Scer\GAL4elav-C155, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, fogUAS.cRa has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, enhanceable by Drp1UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, enhanceable by Drp1UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, enhanceable by MarfJF01650, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, enhanceable by MarfJF01650, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible | partially by rho-7pΔ1
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible | partially by rho-7pΔ1
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible | partially by Drp1GD10456, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible | partially by Drp1GD10456, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible by MarfUAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible by MarfUAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU, fogUAS.cRa has mitochondrion phenotype, suppressible by Drp1GD10456, Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible by WASpUAS.cUa/Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible by WASpUAS.cUa/Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible | partially by rho-7GD3775/Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible | partially by rho-7GD3775/Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible by cta5/cta[+]
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible by cta5/cta[+]
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F[+]/Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, fogUAS.cRa has wing | male limited phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F[+]/Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4elav-C155, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, fogUAS.cRa has larval central nervous system phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4elav-C155, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, fogUAS.cRa has larval segmental nerve branch SNa of A1-7 phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4elav-C155, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, fogUAS.cRa has fascicle phenotype, suppressible by Ptp52F18.3
Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU, WASpUAS.cUa, fogUAS.cRa has mitochondrion phenotype
Expression of rho-7GD3775 results in a 66-74% suppression of the wing phenotype found upon expression of fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096.
The presence of cta5 strongly suppresses the wing defects seen in male flies expressing fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096.
The presence of Ptp52F18.3 strongly suppresses the wing defects seen in male flies expressing fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096.
Approximately 43.5% of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096>fogScer\UAS.cRa/rho-7pΔ1 males show rescue of the wing phenotype whereas 37% show only a partial rescue, indicating that rho-7 is a suppressor of fog signalling.
Expression of Drp1GD10456 results in a 77-83% suppression of the wing phenotype found in male flies expressing fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, suggesting that loss of mitochondrial fission inhibits fog signalling.
Overexpression of Drp1Scer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, enhances the wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096>fogScer\UAS.cRa flies, with males appearing similar to Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096>fogScer\UAS.cRa males, with corresponding females showing strong wing defects ranging from relatively mild margin defects to strong wing defects that are similar to those in males.
Expression of MarfScer\UAS.cDa under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 suppresses the wing phenotype found upon expression of fogScer\UAS.cRa : in >80% of F1 males, the wings appear normal, whereas the F1 females do not show any wing defects.
Expression of MarfJF01650 under the control of Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, leads to a clear enhancement of the wing phenotype found in flies expressing fogScer\UAS.cRa, with complete penetrance: in males, the wings appear small or stub-like, similar to parental males, and all females show short and abnormal wings, indicating that inhibiting mitochondrial fusion through down-regulation of Marf potentiates fog signalling.
Expression of Drp1GD10456 suppresses the mitochondrial defects found upon expression of fogScer\UAS.cRa under the control of Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU.
Expression of WASpScer\UAS.cUa in Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096->fogScer\UAS.cRa animals suppresses the wing phenotype in approximately 53.3% of animals.
Co-expression of WASpScer\UAS.cUa and fogScer\UAS.cRa, under the control of Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU results in long filamentous mitochondria as opposed to the fragmented forms associated with fogScer\UAS.cRa.
Removal of Ptp52F function in fogScer\UAS.cRa overexpression mutants, through a Ptp52F18.3 mutant background, results in a strong suppression of the CNS phenotype. Only 3% of segments exhibit ectopic midline crossing, as compared to 44% for fogScer\UAS.cRa overexpression (under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 and Scer\GAL4elav.PLu) in a wild-type background. For embryos with one copy of the driver (Scer\GAL4elav.PLu), the phenotype was suppressed from 27% to 5%. The longitudinal tracts appear normal in fogScer\UAS.cRa, Ptp52F18.3 embryos, resembling those seen in Ptp52F18.3 single mutants.