The catalytic core 20S proteasome is a threonine protease comprising alpha and beta subunits. The active-site threonine residue is at the N-terminus of the beta subunits, though only three of the seven eukaryotic beta subunits (beta1, beta2 and beta5) retain an intact active site. The other beta subunits have non-catalytic roles. (Adapted from
FBrf0215459 and
PMID:28583440).