Thioredoxin reductase, TrxR, keeps thioredoxins (Trx) in a reduced, active form by converting TrxS[[2]] to Trx(SH)[[2]] using NADPH. Thioredoxins reduce disulfide bonds in other proteins and have diverse in vivo functions including protection against oxidative stress, redox modification of other proteins, and as an electron donor for ribonucleotide reductase in DNA synthesis. (Adapted from
FBrf0200723 and
PMID:23397885.)
