• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • RNA-Seq Search
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • GBrowse 2 Beta
    • CytoSearch
    • Feature Mapper
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Current release
  • Archived releases
  • Map Conversion
  • FTP site:
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • DIS by issue
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\abd-A

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\abd-A	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	abdominal A	Annotation symbol	CG10325
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000014
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	15 publicly available
Also Known As	abdA, iab-2, iab-4, iab-3, iab4, Hab, Cbxd, DmabdA, BX-C, Fab-3
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-58.8
Cytogenetic map	89E2-89E2	Sequence location	3R:12,632,936..12,655,771 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene abdominal A is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\abd-A (CG10325, FBgn0000014). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity. There is experimental evidence for 21 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: anatomical structure development; single-organism developmental process; biological regulation; organ development; regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process; cellular process involved in reproduction; programmed cell death; gonadal mesoderm development; neuroblast fate commitment; neuroblast development; multicellular organismal reproductive process; mesodermal cell fate specification; regulation of multicellular organismal development; cell death; muscle cell differentiation. 112 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system subdivision; organ system; adult segment; thoracic segment; abdominal ventral denticle belt; primordium; abdominal lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5; late extended germ band embryo; midgut constriction; embryonic/larval dorsal vessel. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Homeobox protein; Homeobox, conserved site; Homeodomain; Homeodomain, metazoa; Homeodomain-like. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed during late larval stages, during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval fat body, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system, adult heart. Gene sequence location is 3R:12632936..12655771.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	abd-A: abdominal-A (I. Duncan) Null alleles are recessive lethal. Homozygous larvae show transformations of the ventral and dorsal setal belts of A2 through A8 toward A1. These transformations are complete in A2 through A4, but are incomplete more posteriorly. Partial Keilin's organs composed of monohairs occur variably on all segments from A1 through A7. In the adult cuticle, homozygous abd-A mitotic recombination clones are completely transformed to A1 in segments A2 through A4 and show characteristics of A1 to A4 in segments A5 to A7. Hab: Hyperabdominal (E.B. Lewis) Hab/+ has the third thoracic segment (T3) and first abdominal segment (A1) variably transformed toward the second abdominal segment (A2), occasionally resulting in the loss of one or both metathoracic legs and one or both halteres; an A2 type tergite and sternite appear on T3; but A1 is only weakly transformed toward A2. Strongly enhanced when mother is from stock of Df(3R)red-P93, l(3)tr Sb/In(3L)P + In(3R)P18, Me Ubx. iab2: infra-abdominal 2 (I. Duncan) Adult homozygotes or hemizygotes show transformations of A2 toward A1. The known alleles cause only partial transformations. Wheeler's organs (A2 structures) are reduced or absent and A2 tergite bristles are reduced in size. These alleles do not affect the larval cuticle pattern. iab3: infra-abdominal 3 (E.B. Lewis) Hemizygote and homozygote have third, fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments (A3, A4, A5, and A6) transformed toward the second abdominal segment (A2). The Wheelers Organ (normally only on A2) is now partially to fully developed on A3 to A6, inclusive. Hemizygotes are viable, and show a loss of gonads in both sexes. In homozygotes A1 is weakly transformed toward A2. iab4: infra-abdominal 4 (E.B. Lewis) Both the hemizygote and homozygote are viable and have a tranformation of A4 toward A3 as well as a weak transformation of A5 toward A4 or A3. Gonads are absent in both sexes (or partially developed in some alleles). In some of the alleles, A2 transforms weakly to A3, especially in the homozygote. iab5: infra-abdominal 5 (I. Duncan) Hemizygotes show strong transformation of A5 toward A4, resulting in a loss of black pigment in the A5 tergite of the male. In addition, A6 may be weakly transformed toward A4. When homozygous, iab5301 causes a weak transformation of A3 toward A4 as well as a transformation of A5 to A4. Uab: Ultraabdominal (E.B. Lewis) Uab1, Uab2, and Uab4 cause A1 to transform toward A2. Uab5 causes A1 and A2 to transform toward A3. Uab1 is an intra-complex inversion with a breakpoint in the bxd region, Uab2 is associated with a Uab mutation, the Uab4 breakpoint is an iab-3 mutation, and the Uab5 breakpoint is a weak bxd mutation. Reversion studies show that Uab1, Uab4, and Uab5 cause abnormal expression of abd-A domain functions in A1.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 89E2-89E2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CSN5L4032 and P{EP}MESK4EP1015
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 89E3-89E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Ranz et al., 2001) 89E-89E   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Charles et al., 1991) 89D-89E   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Karch et al., 1990)   abd-A is a component of the Bithorax complex.   (Martin et al., 1995)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-58.8
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\abd-A for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated. Gene model reviewed during 5.48
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) abd-A-RA FBtr0083387  NM_057345   4458   330 abd-A-RB FBtr0083388  NM_169733   3935   590 abd-A-RC FBtr0300485  NM_001170161   4559   330 abd-A-RD FBtr0306337  NM_001260216   5269   330
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.4, 5.1 (northern blot) (Karch et al., 1990) 5.4, 4.8 (northern blot) (Rowe and Akam, 1988)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein abd-A-PA   FBpp0082828   36.2   330   9.70     NP_476693   AAF55359 abd-A-PB   FBpp0082829   62.4   590   9.72     NP_732176   AAF55360 abd-A-PC   FBpp0289712   36.2   330   9.70     NP_001163632   ACZ94928 abd-A-PD   FBpp0297433   36.2   330   9.70     NP_001247145   AFH06463
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	330 (aa) (Karch et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Homeobox, conserved site (IPR017970) Homeodomain (IPR001356) Homeodomain-like (IPR009057) Homeodomain, metazoa (IPR020479) Homeobox protein (IPR022132)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014297 AAF55359   AE014297 AAF55360   AE014297 ACZ94928   AE014297 AFH06463   BI164438   BT016031 AAV36916   CO261869   CO263545   CO266167   CO279884   CO289449   CO296057   CO300614   CO304927   CO305344   CO308563   CO315788   CO316076   CO320518   CO328880   CO341767   CO343781   EC058755   EC066623   EC070842   EC088358   EC198714   EC208301   EC209195   EC215220   EC215265   EC217174   EC221142   EC224954   EC237752   EC239229   EC249581   EC258523   EC258671   GH941192   GH948257   GH949225   GH959924   GH963663   L07835   L31790   U31961 AAA84405   U31961 AAA84406   X54453 CAA38321
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P29555
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	E1JIM9
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160224 3R:12,636,603..12,636,615 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Shimell et al., 2000) protein binding site FBsf0000160225 3R:12,636,469..12,636,491 bound_moiety=Kr-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160226 3R:12,636,643..12,636,651 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160227 3R:12,636,941..12,636,952 bound_moiety=eve-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160228 3R:12,636,939..12,636,961 bound_moiety=gt-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160229 3R:12,636,915..12,636,932 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160230 3R:12,636,916..12,636,929 bound_moiety=eve-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160201 3R:12,636,897..12,636,911 bound_moiety=eve-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160202 3R:12,637,018..12,637,036 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160203 3R:12,636,987..12,637,002 bound_moiety=eve-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Shimell et al., 2000) protein binding site FBsf0000160204 3R:12,636,860..12,636,877 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Shimell et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) regulatory region FBsf0000435409 3R:12,636,230..12,642,072 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Shimell et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435948 3R:12,643,149..12,643,682 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Shimell et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436138 3R:12,636,230..12,637,974 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Shimell et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436286 3R:12,636,075..12,637,112 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Starr et al., 2011, Halfon, 2012.6.19)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Immergluck et al., 1990) embryonic stage 1 -- 17     (Rowe and Akam, 1988) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Roder et al., 1992) embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   yolk   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   dorsal ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | gap expression pattern   (Fisher et al., 2012) trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   dorsal ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | gap expression pattern   (Fisher et al., 2012) trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   dorsal epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic dorsal epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic ventral epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic stage 1 -- 17     (Rowe and Akam, 1988) embryonic stage 5 -- 9     (Karch et al., 1990) Comment:reference states 2-4 hr AEL embryonic stage 12   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Rowe and Akam, 1988)
Additional Descriptive Data
	abd-A expression is unaffected in dpps4 embryos. (Immergluck et al., 1990) The abd-A transcripts are detected at very low levels between 0 and 6 hours of embryonic development and then persist at higher levels during embryogenesis. (Rowe and Akam, 1988) The spatial pattern of abd-A and Abd-B transcripts appears as wild type in tsh mutants. (Roder et al., 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   embryonic/larval trachea   (Macias et al., 1990) abdominal segment 1   (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) mesoderm of parasegment 8 -- parasegment 12   (Macias et al., 1990) visceral mesoderm of parasegment 8 -- parasegment 12   (Macias et al., 1990) embryonic stage 10   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Shimell et al., 1994) embryonic stage 12   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13 of ventral nervous system   (Rowe and Akam, 1988) immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | late   cardioblast of embryonic abdominal segment 5 & embryonic abdominal segment 8   (Lo et al., 2002) heart primordium   (Lo et al., 2002) cardioblast & embryonic pericardial cell of embryonic abdominal segment 6 -- embryonic abdominal segment 7   (Lo et al., 2002) embryonic dorsal vessel | posterior   (Lo et al., 2002) alary cell | subset   (Lo et al., 2002) embryonic stage   tracheal pit   (Macias et al., 1990) ectoderm of parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Macias et al., 1990) parasegment 14 & parasegment 15   (Macias et al., 1990) ventral nerve cord   (Macias et al., 1990) embryonic stage 7 -- 12   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 12   (Kellerman et al., 1990) embryonic stage 8   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Rowe and Akam, 1988) embryonic stage 9 -- 17   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Karch et al., 1990) Comment:anterior and segmentally repeated embryonic stage 12   embryonic/larval spiracle   (Karch et al., 1990) parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1994) visceral mesoderm of parasegment 8 -- parasegment 12   • nucleus (Karch et al., 1990) visceral mesoderm   (Karch et al., 1990) neuroblast   (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic stage 13   abdominal 4 ventral intersegmental neuron -- abdominal 7 ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) V neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) epidermis of ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) epidermis of gonad   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) abdominal 4 ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) abdominal 5 ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) abdominal 6 ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) abdominal 7 ventral intersegmental neuron   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) embryonic stage 13 -- 14   epidermis   (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic/larval trachea   (Karch et al., 1990) visceral mesoderm of parasegment 8 -- parasegment 12 of embryonic/larval midgut   (Tremml and Bienz, 1989) abdominal segment 2 -- abdominal segment 7 of ventral nerve cord   (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic stage 15   pericardial cell   (Karch et al., 1990) dorsal fibers of larval heart | lateral   (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic stage 16   intersegmental nerve   (Karch et al., 1990) chordotonal organ   (Karch et al., 1990) gonad   (Karch et al., 1990) embryonic/larval heart   (Lovato et al., 2002) Comment:NOT aorta mesoderm   (Lovato et al., 2002) embryonic/larval cardial cell   (Lovato et al., 2002) Comment:NOT aorta embryonic/larval pericardial cell   (Lovato et al., 2002) Comment:NOT aorta larval stage   embryonic/larval fat body | central   • nucleus | subset & polytene chromosome band | subset (Marchetti et al., 2003) wing disc | restricted   (Casares et al., 1996) third instar larval stage   male genital disc | restricted   (Freeland and Kuhn, 1996) female genital disc | restricted   (Freeland and Kuhn, 1996) larval abdominal segment 8 of female genital disc   (Foronda et al., 2006) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 16   embryonic/larval cardial cell   (Lovato et al., 2002) Comment:NOT aorta embryonic/larval pericardial cell   (Lovato et al., 2002) Comment:NOT aorta
Additional Descriptive Data
	Possible partial loss of abd-A product observed in embryos. (Macias et al., 1990) No abd-A antigen is detected in mutant embryos. (Macias et al., 1990) abd-A protein is first detected at the germ band retraction stage in the visceral mesoderm of the midgut and in the ectoderm of parasegments 8-12. (Tremml and Bienz, 1989) abd-A protein is first detected in 4 hour embryos and persists through embryonic and early larval development. abd-A protein is expressed in parasegments 7-13 (PS7-13) which correspond to abdominal segements 2-7 (A2-7). Expression of abd-A is complementary to that of Ubx and highest levels are in the anterior of each parasegment. Throughout development abd-A is localized to the nuclei of expressing cells. At the beginning of germ band retraction, abd-A protein is detected in the mesoderm flanking the embryonic gut, surrounding the spiricle pits, the neuroblasts near the embryonic midline and in the developing tracheal tubes. Later in development expression is detected along the ventral nerve cord, and staining is more pronounced toward the posterior of the embryo. High levels of abd-A are detected along the anterior furrow of the gut sac and along the visceral mesoderm of the gut. Following dorsal closure, abd-A protein is detected in the pericardial cells and the lateral muscle fibers around the heart, as well as in the gonadal precursor and chordotonal organs. (Karch et al., 1990) A reduced level of abd-A expression is observed in parasegments 8-13, particularly in nuclei located in a dorsolateral position of the epidermis. Ectopic abd-A expression is observed in some cells of the lateral epidermis of parasegment 6 and more rarely in parasegment 6 of the ventral nerve cord. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) Possible partial loss of abd-A product observed in embryos. Ectopic abd-A expression in parasegment 6. (Macias et al., 1990) abd-A protein is expressed in parasegments 7 through 13 in a segmentally repeated pattern. A gradient of the antigen is observed, with higher levels at the anterior border of the parasegments and lower levels toward the posterior. This gradient is not detected by in situ hybridization, and therefore, may be post-translationally regulated. Prominant expression is detected in the ventral nervous system. (Rowe and Akam, 1988) No change in the abd-A expression pattern is observed. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) No major change in the pattern of abd-A expression was observed. Animals that are also homozygous for su(Hw)2 present ectopic abd-A expression in some cells of the lateral epidermis of parasegments 4-6 and in the ventral nerve cord. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) abd-A product is observed in the normal domain in embryos, but the amount of antigen in A3-A7 appears slightly reduced with respect to wild type. (Macias et al., 1990) A reduced level of abd-A antigen is detected in abd-AMX2 mutant embryos. (Macias et al., 1990) The expression of abd-A is unaltered in abd-Aiab4-302 mutant embryos. (Macias et al., 1990) abd-A product is observed in the normal domain in embryos, but the amount of antigen in A3-A7 appears slightly reduced with respect to wild type. Ectopic abd-A expression also observed. (Macias et al., 1990) Df(3R)P-10 which removes the iab2 regulatory region and part of the abd-A transcription unit causes a gradient of expression of abd-A protein in the epidermis and a less evident gradient in the nerve cord. Staining is barely detectable in parasegment 7 and increases gradually posteriorly. In Abd-Biab9-Uab1 mutant embryos, there is a general reduction in abd-A levels and ectopic abd-A expression in the first abdominal segment and in parasegments 14 and 15. In embryo homozygous for Abd-Biab9-Uab1, Abd-Biab8-rv96 and sometimes Abd-Biab9-tuh-3, nuclei posterior to parasegment 13 stain for abd-A. The ectopic expression is in the posterior region of abdominal segment 8 and in some cells of the posterior region of abdominal segment 9. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) The anterior limit of abd-A protein is strictly parasegmental at parasegment 7. The posterior limit is less well defined. The expression is modulated within metameres with the strongest expression in the posterior compartments. In the anterior compartments there is a gradient which diminishes towards the posterior. abd-A protein is also present in the mesoderm but is out of register by one parasegment with respect to ectoderm expression and extends from parasegment 8-12. abd-A expression is observed in the ectoderm, the tracheal tree, the ventral nerve cord, the visceral mesoderm and the amnioserosa. Embryos homozygous for Df(3R)Ubx109 or Df(3R)P9 have no abd-A antigen. Ectopic expression of abd-A protein is observed in parasegments 13-15 (or subsets thereof) in several Abd-B mutants. (Macias et al., 1990) Ectopic abd-A expression is observed in the ventral nerve cord in parasegment 6. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) The abd-A protein is expressed in a subset of the nuclei of larval fat body cells with an anterior boundary of around A2 and a posterior limit near A7. Specific labeling of polytene chromosome bands by abd-A antisera can be mapped from nuclei accumulating this protein. (Marchetti et al., 2003) A reduced level of abd-A antigen is detected in abd-AP10 mutant embryos. The diminution is not uniform resulting in a gradient of antigen from almost none in A2 to higher levels in A6 and A7 segments. (Macias et al., 1990) abd-A protein is localized to cardial and pericardial cells of the heart from abdominal segment 5 through abdominal segment 8. (Lovato et al., 2002) abd-A protein is ectopically expressed in parasegment 6. (Macias et al., 1990) abd-A is expressed in the parts of the developing female reproductive system that correspond to the internal genitalia. In third instar larvae, abd-A protein expression is localized to the female genital disc, in the region corresponding to abdominal segment 8. (Foronda et al., 2006) The expression of abd-A is unaltered in abd-Aiab4-MX4 mutant embryos. (Macias et al., 1990) Protein is detected in the posterior of the embryonic dorsal vessel exactly overlapping the region that becomes the heart. The protein is strongly expressed in cardioblasts and pericardial cells of abdominal segments A6 and A7. Lower levels expression are observed A5 and A8. Protein is also detected in the 4 posterior pairs of the 7 pairs of alary muscles. (Lo et al., 2002) A reduced level of abd-A expression is observed in parasegments 8-13, particularly in nuclei located in a dorsolateral position of the epidermis. (Sanchez-Herrero, 1991)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Macias et al., 1990) transcription factor complex inferred from physical interaction with exd (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008) inferred from physical interaction with hth (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHCJ200 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 15   parasegment 10   (DeFalco et al., 2004) Reporter: P{iab-2(1.7)lacZ} Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   head   (Shimell et al., 1994) embryonic stage | mid -- embryonic stage | late   parasegment 7 & parasegment 9 & parasegment 11 & parasegment 13   (Shimell et al., 1994) blastoderm stage   parasegment 7   (Shimell et al., 1994) embryonic stage 5 -- 16   parasegment 7   (Shimell et al., 2000) parasegment 9   (Shimell et al., 2000) embryonic stage 6 -- 16   parasegment 11   (Shimell et al., 2000) parasegment 13   (Shimell et al., 2000) embryonic stage 14   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | anterior   (Shimell et al., 2000) Reporter: P{iab-2(11)lacZ} Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | late   epidermis   (Simon et al., 1990) presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Simon et al., 1990) embryonic stage | mid   parasegment 7 & parasegment 9 & parasegment 11 & parasegment 13   (Simon et al., 1990) embryonic stage 12   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 9   (Simon et al., 1993) Reporter: P{iab-3(11.5)lacZ} Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | late   epidermis   (Simon et al., 1990) presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Simon et al., 1990) embryonic stage | mid   parasegment 8 -- parasegment 13   (Simon et al., 1990) embryonic stage 12   parasegment 8 -- parasegment 10   (Simon et al., 1993) Reporter: P{iab2-1.7} Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 11   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13   (Chiang et al., 1995) embryonic stage 15   parasegment 7 -- parasegment 13 of presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Chiang et al., 1995) third instar larval stage   embryonic/larval brain   (Chiang et al., 1995)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval fat body, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system, adult heart. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (29) fat body, white prepupae  (36) fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (40) carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  29 fat body, white prepupae  (36) fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (40) carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    6 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    5 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    2 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    2 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    29 fat body, white prepupae    36 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    40 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed during late larval stages, during early pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr  (37) embryo 08-10hr  (39) embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr  (36) embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr  (37) embryo 08-10hr  (39) embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr  (36) embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    16 embryo 06-08hr    37 embryo 08-10hr    39 embryo 10-12hr    25 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    20 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    12 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    12 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    6 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    19 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    9 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    3 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    3 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    3 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    11 cold shock, 4-day adult    10 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    6 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    18 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_11 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_04
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • PC00111 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000014 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG10325-RB;CG10325-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for abd-A Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa lethal, with Scer\GAL4l(3)31-1-31-1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa lethal, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa lethal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa lethal | embryonic stage | homeotic | recessive abd-AC51 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive abd-AC26 lethal | homeotic | recessive abd-AC1 abd-AC26 abd-AD24 abd-AK397 abd-AK622 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 lethal | larval stage | recessive abd-Ahs.PS lethal | pharate adult stage | recessive abd-AUab-HH1 lethal | recessive abd-AC26 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AHC7JA1.Scer\FRT abd-AHC7JA1 abd-AHCJ32#2.Scer\FRT abd-AM1 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AP10 abd-AS2 viable abd-Aiab2-671 abd-Aiab2-K abd-Aiab2-S3 abd-Aiab3-33 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-B1 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-45 abd-Aiab4-125 abd-Aiab4-166 abd-Aiab4-302 Sterility Allele female sterile abd-Aiab4-302 female sterile | recessive abd-Aiab4,5-DB male sterile abd-Aiab4-302 male sterile | recessive abd-Aiab4,5-DB Other Phenotypes Allele chemical sensitive abd-Az homeotic, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS abd-ARA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A-RA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC increased cell death abd-Ahs.PS increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS neuroanatomy defective abd-AMX1 neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa neuroanatomy defective | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroanatomy defective | homeotic abd-AMX1 neuroanatomy defective | homeotic, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa visible abd-AS1 abd-AS2 visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abd-AScer\UAS.cGa visible | dominant abd-AHab-1 abd-AM3 abd-AUab-HH1 abd-AUab-R1 visible | dominant | homeotic abd-Aiab2-K abd-Aiab2-Uab1 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-AUab-2 abd-AUab-5 visible | dominant | homeotic | heat sensitive abd-AHab-2 visible | homeotic abd-Aiab2-K abd-Aiab2-M1 abd-Aiab2-S3 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-45 abd-Aiab4-302 abd-Aiab4-MX4 visible | homeotic | recessive abd-Aiab2-S3 visible | recessive abd-Aiab4,5-DB wild-type abd-AHCJ32#2 abd-AHCJ192B abd-AHCJ200 Phenotype manifest in Allele A1-7 ventral acute muscle 1 | ectopic | precursor, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS A1-7 ventral oblique muscle 6 | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS A2-7 ventral transverse muscle 1 | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abdominal 1 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 1 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 1 ventral denticle belt abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal 1 ventral denticle belt | ectopic abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 2 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 2 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 2 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 2 ventral denticle belt | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal 3 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 3 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 3 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 4 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 4 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 4 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 5 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 5 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 6 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 6 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 6 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 7 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AM1 abdominal 7 lch5 neuron | embryonic stage abd-AK622 abdominal 7 ventral denticle belt abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 abdominal 11 anal tuft, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa abdominal lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 abd-AD24 abdominal neuroblast | larval stage abd-AM1 abd-Ahs.PS abdominal segment 1 abd-AC1 abd-AHab-1 abd-AM1 abd-AUab-2 abd-Ahs.PS abdominal segment 1, with Scer\GAL4C-765, Scer\GAL4c739 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abdominal segment 1 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 1 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 1 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 1 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 2 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AM3 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abd-Aiab2-M1 abdominal segment 2 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 2 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 2 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 2 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 2 | ectopic abd-Ahs.PS abdominal segment 3 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AM3 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment 3 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 3 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 3 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 3 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 4 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AM3 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment 4 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 4 & puparium & myoblast, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 4 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 4 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 5 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AM3 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment 5 & puparium & myoblast | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 5 & puparium & myoblast | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4NP5169 abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 5 & puparium & myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa abdominal segment 6 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AM3 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment 7 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment 8 abd-A9.22-C1 abd-AC1 abd-AM1 abd-AS1 abd-AS2 abdominal segment | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4C-765, Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abdominal segment | ectopic | posterior, with Scer\GAL4C-765, Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abdominal sternite 2 abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal sternite 2 | ectopic abd-AUab-R1 abdominal sternite 3 abd-Aiab3-277 abdominal sternite 3 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal sternite 4 abd-Aiab3-277 abdominal sternite 4 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal sternite 5 abd-Aiab3-277 abdominal sternite 6 abd-Aiab3-277 abdominal tergite 1 abd-AUab-HH1 abd-AUab-R1 abdominal tergite 2 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abd-AUab-R1 abdominal tergite 3 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal tergite 4 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abdominal ventral denticle belt | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa adult abdominal segment 1 abd-AUab-5 abd-AUab-HH1 abd-Aiab2-K abd-Aiab2-Uab1 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-MX4 adult abdominal segment 2 abd-AUab-5 abd-Aiab2-K abd-Aiab2-S3 abd-Aiab2-Uab1 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-302 abd-Aiab4-45 adult abdominal segment 2 | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 adult abdominal segment 3 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 adult abdominal segment 4 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-302 abd-Aiab4-MX4 adult abdominal segment 5 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 abd-Aiab4-302 adult abdominal segment 6 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 antenna, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS antenna, with Scer\GAL4upd-E132 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS aorta primordium, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS aorta primordium, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abd-AScer\UAS.cGa aorta primordium | anterior, with Scer\GAL4how-24B, Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa aorta primordium | ectopic | posterior, with Scer\GAL4how-24B, Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa arista, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa A-subperineurial glial cell | ectopic abd-Ahs.PS B-subperineurial glial cell of abdomen | ectopic abd-Ahs.PS cardioblast abd-AMX1 abd-Am4 cardiogenic mesoderm, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa cephalopharyngeal skeleton, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa chordotonal organ abd-AK397 abd-AK622 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 2 abd-AM1 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 3 abd-AM1 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 4 abd-AM1 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 5 abd-AM1 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 6 abd-AM1 chordotonal organ & embryonic abdominal segment 7 abd-AM1 cuprophilic cell abd-AM1 dendrite & dendritic arborising neuron, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa denticle belt abd-AJX1 abd-AJX2 denticle belt & abdominal segment 9, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa dorsal acute muscle | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS dorsal closure embryo abd-AMX1 dorsal closure embryo, with Scer\GAL469B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS EL neuron | embryonic stage | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryo abd-AM3 embryonic/larval aorta, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval aorta | ectopic abd-AMX1 embryonic/larval central nervous system abd-AC26 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AP10 embryonic/larval dorsal vessel, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval heart abd-AMX1 embryonic/larval heart | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval lymph gland, with Scer\GAL4how-24B, Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval midgut | embryonic stage abd-AM1 embryonic/larval oenocyte abd-AM1 embryonic/larval oenocyte | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval oenocyte | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval oenocyte precursor | ectopic abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC embryonic/larval ostia abd-Am4 embryonic/larval ostia | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval pericardial cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4how-24B, Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval posterior spiracle, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic/larval posterior spiracle, with Scer\GAL4h-1J3 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic abdominal segment 1 & somatic muscle, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic abdominal segment 2 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic abdominal segment 2 | ectopic, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AHXm.Scer\UAS abd-APFERm.Scer\UAS embryonic abdominal segment 2 | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS abd-AW1A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-ARA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A-RA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC embryonic abdominal segment 3 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic abdominal segment 4 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic abdominal segment 5 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic abdominal segment 6 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic abdominal segment 7 & external sensory organ abd-AM1 embryonic dorsal vessel, with Scer\GAL469B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic dorsal vessel, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic dorsal vessel, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic epidermis abd-AJX1 abd-AJX2 embryonic epidermis (with abd-AD24) abd-AJX2 embryonic epidermis (with abd-AJX2) abd-AD24 embryonic mesothoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic mesothoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic metathoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic metathoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic neuroblast & abdominal segment abd-Aunspecified embryonic prothoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic prothoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic thoracic segment, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AHXm.Scer\UAS abd-APFERm.Scer\UAS embryonic thoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS abd-AW1A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-ARA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AW1+2A-RA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC embryonic thoracic segment & somatic muscle, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS embryonic tritocerebrum, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa embryonic visceral muscle | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS epidermis abd-AP10 eye, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 abd-AScer\UAS.cPa fat body/gonad primordium abd-AMX1 female genitalia (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-277 genital disc primordium abd-AMX1 germline cell abd-AMX1 abd-Aunspecified gonad abd-AHCJ192B.Scer\FRT abd-AHCJ200.Scer\FRT gonad, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa gonad & parasegment 10 abd-AMX1 gonad & parasegment 11 abd-AMX1 gonad & parasegment 12 abd-AMX1 gonad | female abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 gonad | male abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 gonad | precursor abd-AMX1 abd-Aiab4,5-DB abd-Aiab4-166 abd-Aiab4-302 abd-Aiab4-45 gonadal sheath proper primordium abd-AMX1 abd-Aunspecified gonadal sheath proper primordium, with Scer\GAL4twi.PB abd-AScer\UAS.cGa gonadal sheath proper primordium | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa gonadal sheath proper primordium | male abd-AMX1 haltere abd-AHab-1 abd-AUab-HH1 haltere | heat sensitive abd-AHab-2 haltere disc abd-AHab-1 head abd-Ahs.PS heart primordium abd-AMX1 abd-AdsRNA.cKa abd-AdsRNA.si.cKa abd-Am4 heart primordium, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS heart primordium, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS abd-AScer\UAS.cGa Keilin's organ abd-AM1 Keilin's organ, with Scer\GAL469B abd-AHXm.Scer\UAS abd-APFERm.Scer\UAS larval abdomen & neuroblast abd-Ahs.PS larval abdominal segment 2 | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC larval neuromere & abdominal segment 3 (with abd-Aiab3-Uab4) abd-AMX1 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 3 (with abd-AMX1) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 3 (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 4 (with abd-Aiab3-Uab4) abd-AMX1 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 4 (with abd-AMX1) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 4 (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 5 (with abd-Aiab3-Uab4) abd-AMX1 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 5 (with abd-AMX1) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 5 (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 6 (with abd-Aiab3-Uab4) abd-AMX1 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 6 (with abd-AMX1) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 6 (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 7 (with abd-Aiab3-Uab4) abd-AMX1 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 7 (with abd-AMX1) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval neuromere & abdominal segment 7 (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-Uab4 larval prothoracic segment, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC lch5 ligament attachment cell abd-AD24 lch5 neuron abd-AD24 lch5 neuron | ectopic abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC leg abd-AHab-1 abd-AUab-HH1 leg | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4upd-E132 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS mesothoracic segment abd-AM1 abd-Ahs.PS metathoracic dorsal triscolopidial chordotonal organ dch3, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa metathoracic laterotergite, with Scer\GAL4C-765, Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS metathoracic leg abd-AHab-1 metathoracic leg | heat sensitive abd-AHab-2 metathoracic leg disc abd-AHab-1 metathoracic segment abd-AHab-1 abd-AM1 metathoracic segment | heat sensitive abd-AHab-2 midgut constriction abd-AM1 midgut constriction 2 abd-AD24 midgut constriction 3 abd-AD24 midgut interstitial cell abd-AM1 myofibril, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroblast, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS neuroblast | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS neuroblast NB3-3 | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroblast NB6-4 of abdomen abd-AMX1 neuroblast NB6-4 of abdomen | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroblast NB6-4 of thorax, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa neuroblast NB6-4 of thorax | ectopic abd-AMX1 ovary abd-Aiab4-45 ovary (with Df(3R)Ubx109) abd-Aiab3-277 oviduct abd-Aiab4-45 parasegment 7 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 parasegment 7 & epidermis abd-AC26 parasegment 8 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 parasegment 8 & epidermis abd-AC26 parasegment 9 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 parasegment 9 & epidermis abd-AC26 parasegment 10 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 parasegment 11 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 parasegment 12 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 abd-Aiab3-277 abd-Aiab3-Uab4 parasegment 13 abd-AC51 abd-AD24 abd-AM1 abd-AM2 abd-AMX1 abd-AMX2 abd-AMX3 abd-AP10 pharynx, with Scer\GAL4how-24B abd-AScer\UAS.cGa pole cell abd-Aiab4-166 abd-Aiab4-302 pole cell, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG abd-AScer\UAS.cGa pretarsus | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa scutum, with Scer\GAL4C-765, Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS sternite | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 abd-AUab-R1 tergite | ectopic abd-AUab-HH1 testis abd-Aiab4-45 thoracic neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS thoracic neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS thorax abd-Ahs.PS Wheeler's organ | ectopic abd-Aiab3-277 wing abd-AUab-HH1 wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096, Scer\GAL4C-765 abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS wing margin, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa wing vein, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1 abd-AScer\UAS.cGa
Classical Alleles ( 76 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of abd-A Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion abd-AP10 X ray 4 Yes abd-AD24 amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes abd-AMX1 amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele X ray 2 Yes abd-AHab-1 gain of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes abd-Aiab3-Uab4 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes abd-AJX1 amorphic allele - genetic evidence gamma ray 0 Yes abd-AJX2 amorphic allele - genetic evidence gamma ray 0 Yes abd-AM1 amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes abd-A39 ethyl nitrosourea 0 -- abd-A41 ethyl nitrosourea 0 -- abd-A46.51 0 -- abd-A517 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes abd-A9.22-C1 recombination 0 -- abd-AC1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes abd-AC26 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes abd-AC51 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes abd-AC53 X ray 0 Yes abd-AD100.24 0 -- abd-AH10.7 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-AHab-2 gain of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes abd-AHC184B-HCJ32#2.Scer\FRT FLPase 0 Yes abd-AHC184B-HCJ32#2 FLPase 0 -- abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 gene conversion 0 Yes abd-AHC7JA1.Scer\FRT P-element activity 0 -- abd-AHC7JA1 FLPase 0 -- abd-AHCJ192B.Scer\FRT Delta2-3 0 -- abd-AHCJ192B FLPase 0 -- abd-AHCJ200.Scer\FRT Delta2-3 0 -- abd-AHCJ200 FLPase 0 -- abd-AHCJ32#2.Scer\FRT Delta2-3 0 -- abd-AHCJ32#2 FLPase 0 -- abd-Aiab2-671 loss of function allele X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab2-K gain of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence spontaneous 0 Yes abd-Aiab2-M1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence spontaneous 0 Yes abd-Aiab2-S3 loss of function allele X ray gamma ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab2-Uab1 0 Yes abd-Aiab3-2576 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab3-277 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab3-33 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab3-793 0 -- abd-Aiab3-86 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab3-999 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab3-B1 0 -- abd-Aiab3-MX47 0 Yes abd-Aiab4,5-849 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab4,5-DB X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-125 X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-166 X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-186 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab4-302 X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-3110 X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab4-45 X ray 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-McR1 loss of function allele 0 Yes abd-Aiab4-MX4 gain of function allele X ray 0 -- abd-Aiab5-224 0 -- abd-Aiab5-301 0 -- abd-Aiab5-843 0 -- abd-AK397 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-AK622 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-AM2 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-AM3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-Am4 0 -- abd-AMX2 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes abd-AMX3 loss of function allele 0 -- abd-AS1 0 -- abd-AS2 X ray gamma ray 0 Yes abd-ATSR-12 X ray 0 -- abd-AUab-2 X ray 0 -- abd-AUab-5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes abd-AUab-G1 Delta2-3 0 Yes abd-AUab-HH1 Delta2-3 0 Yes abd-AUab-L1 Delta2-3 0 Yes abd-AUab-M1 Delta2-3 0 Yes abd-AUab-R1 Delta2-3 0 Yes abd-Aunspecified ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- abd-Az natural population 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 36 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of abd-A Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion abd-AScer\UAS.cGa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes abd-AGLV21008 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes abd-AJF03167 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes abd-AKK103285 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes abd-A2WAla.Δ200-220.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AdsRNA.cKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes abd-AdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes abd-AdsRNA.si.cKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes abd-AHDmut.Scer\UAS.VCA.T:Avic\GFP-VC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-Ahs.PS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes abd-AHXm.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes abd-AHXm.ΔQ.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AK50.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-ANIG.10325R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes abd-APFERm.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes abd-APFERm.ΔQ.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-ARA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.CNA.T:Avic\GFP-CN in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.cPa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.mCNA.T:Disc\RFP-mCN in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.VCA.T:Avic\GFP-VC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes abd-AScer\UAS.VNA.T:Avic\GFP-VN in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes abd-AUA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AURΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AW1+2A-RA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AW1+2A-UA.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AW1+2A-URΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AW1+2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AW1A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AW2A.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes abd-AΔ200-220.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AΔC197.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AΔC220.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes abd-AΔC263.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)bxd100 (Tiong et al., 1985) Df(3R)C4 (Jurgens, 1988) Df(3R)sbd104 (Tiong et al., 1985) Df(3R)ss-a (Tiong et al., 1985) Tp(3;Y)JX3 (Hendrickson and Sakonju, 1995)
Disrupted in	Df(3R)abd-Aiab4,5-DB (Busturia et al., 1989) Df(3R)abd-A-C1 (Macias et al., 1990, Casanova et al., 1988) Df(3R)Abd-BS10 (Tiong et al., 1987, Tiong et al., 1988) Df(3R)HC184B-HCJ32#2 (Bender and Hudson, 2000) Df(3R)JX2 (Hendrickson and Sakonju, 1995) Df(3R)McR1 (Karch et al., 1990) Df(3R)P2 (Tiong et al., 1985, Simon et al., 1990, Rauskolb and Wieschaus, 1994) Df(3R)P9 (Maurel-Zaffran et al., 1999, Karch et al., 1985, Dura et al., 1985, Tiong et al., 1985, Jurgens, 1985, Jurgens, 1988, Boulet and Scott, 1988, Tiong et al., 1988, Gonzalez-Reyes and Morata, 1990, Castelli-Gair et al., 1990, Micol et al., 1990, Frayne and Sato, 1991, Zink et al., 1991, Rowe and Akam, 1988, Greig and Akam, 1995, Azpiazu and Morata, 1998) Df(3R)P10 (Tiong et al., 1985, Sanchez-Herrero, 1991) Df(3R)P47 (Craymer, 1984) Df(3R)P115 (Tiong et al., 1985, Tiong et al., 1988) Df(3R)R59 (Foronda et al., 2006) Df(3R)StP234 (Crosby et al., 1993) Df(3R)Ubx109 (Foronda et al., 2006, Hittinger et al., 2005, Tiong et al., 1985, Peifer and Bender, 1986, Jurgens, 1988, Boulet and Scott, 1988, Mann and Hogness, 1990, Reuter et al., 1990, Micol et al., 1990, Frayne and Sato, 1991, Casanova et al., 1988, Rowe and Akam, 1988, Andrew et al., 1994, Greig and Akam, 1995, Hoppler and Bienz, 1995) Df(3R)Ubx9.22abd-A-C1 (Casanova et al., 1988) Df(3R)Ubx-C1 (Sanchez-Herrero, 1996.3.7) Df(3R)Ubx-RS4-8 (Hopmann et al., 1995) In(3LR)TSR-12Sz (Sipos et al., 1998) In(3R)abd-AM1 (Hopmann et al., 1995) Tp(3;2)iab2P10 (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992)
Duplicated in	Dp(3;1)P68 (Babu et al., 1987, Smolik-Utlaut, 1990) Dp(3;1)P115 (Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1985, Castelli-Gair et al., 1990, Mathog, 1990) Dp(3;2)iab5301 (Hopmann et al., 1995) Dp(3;3)P5 (Dura et al., 1985, Tiong et al., 1988, Gonzalez-Reyes and Morata, 1990, Smolik-Utlaut, 1990) Dp(3;3)S462 (Castelli-Gair et al., 1990) Dp(3;Y)Abd-BS10 (Tiong et al., 1987, Tiong et al., 1988) Tp(3;1)bxd111 (Foronda et al., 2006)
Partially disrupted in	Df(3R)A-3-4- (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992) Df(3R)P2 (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992) Df(3R)P13 (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992) Df(3R)Ubx109 (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992)
Partially duplicated in	Dp(3;2)P10 (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{abd-A-lacZ.Fab-8.iab-5.AbdB-CATΔPTE} No P{AbdA-lacZ} No P{AbdB-CAT.iab-5.Fab-8.abd-A-lacZ} No P{bxd-8/iab2-5.7} No P{bxd/iab2-7} No P{bxd/iab2-13} No P{bxd/iab2-18} No P{iab-2.lacZ.A} No P{iab-2(0.7)lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)4170-9111lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)6500-8750lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)6500-11089lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)6914-7982lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)7982-11089lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)gt100.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)gt.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)hb1-5.Kr.gt.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)hb1-5.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)hb1.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)Kr100.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)Kr300.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)Kr.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)pho.mut.lacZ} No P{iab-2(1.7)PRE534lacZ} No P{iab-2(3.4)lacZ} No P{iab-2(5.8)lacZ} No P{iab-2(11)lacZ} No P{iab-2-Hab(1.7)lacZ} No P{iab3-11/Mcp-4} No P{iab-3(11.5)lacZ} No P{iab-5.abd-A-lacZ} No UAS construct M{UAS-mCN-abd-A} NA M{UAS-VC-abd-A.HDmut} NA M{UAS-VC-abd-A} NA M{UAS-VN-abd-A} NA P{KK103285} NA P{NIG.10325R} NA P{TRiP.GLV21008} NA P{TRiP.JF03167} NA P{UAS-abd-A.2WAla.Δ200-220.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.dsRNA.cMa} NA P{UAS-abd-A.G} NA P{UAS-abd-A.HXm.ΔQ} NA P{UAS-abd-A.HXm} NA P{UAS-abd-A.K50} NA P{UAS-abd-A.M} NA P{UAS-abd-A.Myc} NA P{UAS-abd-A.P} NA P{UAS-abd-A.PFERm.ΔQ} NA P{UAS-abd-A.PFERm} NA P{UAS-abd-A.RA.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.UA.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.URΔ.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W1+2A.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W1+2A-RA.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W1+2A-UA.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W1+2A-URΔ.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W1A.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.W2A.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.Δ200-220.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.ΔC197.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.ΔC220.MYC} NA P{UAS-abd-A.ΔC263.MYC} NA P{UAS-CN-abd-A} NA heat-shock construct P{HS-abd-A} NA characterization construct P{Hsp70-abd-A::Ubx.G} NA P{Hsp70-abd-A::Ubx.H} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHC7JA1 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHC184B-HCJ32#2 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHCJ32#2 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHCJ192B No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AHCJ200 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AUab-G1 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AUab-L1 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AUab-M1 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}abd-AUab-R1 No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}UbxHC148A No P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP}UbxHC184B No P{HomingPigeon.FRT}abd-AHC7JA1.Scer\FRT No P{HomingPigeon.FRT}abd-AHC184B-HCJ32#2.Scer\FRT No P{HomingPigeon.FRT}abd-AHCJ32#2.Scer\FRT No P{HomingPigeon.FRT}abd-AHCJ192B.Scer\FRT No P{HomingPigeon.FRT}abd-AHCJ200.Scer\FRT No miscellaneous insertions gypsy{}abd-Aiab2-K NA P{(-FRT)lacZ.HP-ΔHH1}abd-AUab-HH1 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GAL4}abd-AHC7JA1-GAL4 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 31 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 26 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity inferred from direct assay (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Grienenberger et al., 2003) sequence-specific DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Grienenberger et al., 2003, Vachon et al., 1992) sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Karch et al., 1990)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
anterior/posterior pattern specification inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Karch et al., 1990) apoptotic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Bello et al., 2003, Cenci and Gould, 2005) cardiac muscle tissue development inferred from mutant phenotype (Monier et al., 2005) cardioblast differentiation inferred from mutant phenotype (Monier et al., 2005) cellular process inferred from mutant phenotype (Boutros et al., 2004) determination of genital disc primordium inferred from mutant phenotype (Chen et al., 2005) dorsal vessel heart proper cell fate commitment inferred from expression pattern AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Lo et al., 2002) inferred from mutant phenotype (Lovato et al., 2002, Monier et al., 2005) genital disc anterior/posterior pattern formation inferred from expression pattern (Freeland and Kuhn, 1996) genitalia development inferred from mutant phenotype (Foronda et al., 2006) germ cell migration inferred from mutant phenotype (Moore et al., 1998) gonadal mesoderm development inferred from mutant phenotype (Moore et al., 1998) heart development inferred from mutant phenotype (Ponzielli et al., 2002) mesodermal cell fate specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Ponzielli et al., 2002, Lovato et al., 2002) muscle cell fate specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Enriquez et al., 2010) nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Bello et al., 2003, Cenci and Gould, 2005) neuroblast development inferred from mutant phenotype (Tsuji et al., 2008) neuroblast fate determination inferred from mutant phenotype (Berger et al., 2005) oenocyte development inferred from mutant phenotype (Brodu et al., 2002) positive regulation of muscle organ development inferred from mutant phenotype (LaBeau et al., 2009) positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from mutant phenotype (Grienenberger et al., 2003) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Karch et al., 1990)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Macias et al., 1990) transcription factor complex inferred from physical interaction with exd (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008) inferred from physical interaction with hth (Li-Kroeger et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 9 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-, Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.4.1)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
dorsal vessel heart proper cell fate commitment traceable author statement (Lo and Frasch, 2003) germ cell migration traceable author statement (Wylie, 1999) gonad development non-traceable author statement (Boyle and DiNardo, 1995) traceable author statement (Howard, 1998) midgut development traceable author statement (Murakami et al., 1999) peripheral nervous system development traceable author statement (Salzberg et al., 1994) pole cell migration traceable author statement (Howard, 1998) specification of segmental identity, abdomen non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.4.1)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-, Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.4.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
abd-A - exd two hybrid (Johnson et al., 1995) abd-A - sv anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot (Li-Kroeger et al., 2012)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions abd-A allele Gene References abd-A1dB5.Scer\UAS hth (Yao et al., 1999) Ubx (Casares et al., 1996) abd-Aiab2-K su(Hw) (Busturia et al., 1989, Macias et al., 1990) abd-Aiab2-S3 su(Hw) (Busturia et al., 1989) abd-AM1 spi (Brodu et al., 2002) abd-AScer\UAS.cGa Abd-B (Greig and Akam, 1995, DeFalco et al., 2004) lab (Hirth et al., 2001) unspecified bab1 (Kopp et al., 2000) bab2 (Kopp et al., 2000) Dfd (Macias and Morata, 1996) lab (Macias and Morata, 1996) trg (Moore et al., 1998) Ubx (de Navas et al., 2006, Macias and Morata, 1996)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 67081 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000014 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 42037 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • P29555
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (17) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG68WCNV Dipteran inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6KKX1D Arthropod inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Metazoa inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG68WCNV)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\abd-A     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD20268 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM15405 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG16810 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE26127 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF17922 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA26453 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL23002 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK13853 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\abd-A Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI23753 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH18074 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (None identified)
No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6KKX1D)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB51287   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP10426   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL17430   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH26134   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB27293
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (None identified)
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (None identified)
No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD20268 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM15405 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG16810 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE26127 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF17922 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA26453 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL23002 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK13853 Drosophila virilis Dvir\abd-A Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI23753 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH18074
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 15 )
Bloomington	912 w1; P{UAS-abd-A.G}21.8 3483 Df(3R)P10, abd-AP10/TM1 28739 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF03167}attP2 1138 Dp(3;1)P68; abd-AD24 Abd-BD18/TM1 35644 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GLV21008}attP2
Kyoto	106119 w1; P{UAS-abd-A.G}21.8 107059 Df(3R)P10, abd-AP10/TM1 101615 Df(3R)P10, abd-AP10 / TM1 107066 Dp(3;3)bxd100, red1 Sbsbd-2 Ubxbx-3 abd-AHab-1/TM1 107068 In(3LR)iab34, abd-Aiab3-Uab4/Dp(3;3)81-83, Abd-BSab-1 Abd-BMcp-1 107169 Df(3R)P10, st1 in1 kniri-1 Pc3 pp abd-AP10/TM6B, Tb+
VDRC	v106155 P{KK103285}VIE-260B
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR24L18 BACR28H01 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 39 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE04174
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RE04112
Other clones	7829 18368 28428 83771 118230 124268 155572 159212 160326 163548 180716 214251.34 214379.37 CK01.1D.C2 CK01.90C.E10 CK01.106B.G6 EK071051 EK080959 EK088759 EK136310 EK145209 EK178809 EK212607 EK246739 EK248253 EK258725 EK262442 EK263618 EK285931 EK291604 EP13119 EP18027 RP004187253 RP004198035 RP004269526 RP004512095 RP004551518
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000014 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 42037
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Macias et al., 1990, Karch et al., 1990, Li-Kroeger et al., 2008)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: abd-A CG10325 (Celniker, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	The iab-8 ncRNA (and not Abd-B) represses the expression of the abd-A gene in the posterior central nervous system. This repression is accomplished by two redundant mechanisms: firstly via the mir-iab-8 miRNA produced from the iab-8 transcript and secondly by a mechanism that acts only "in cis". The most likely explanation for second mechanism is that iab-8 transcription interferes with the abd-A promoter, which lies just downstream of the iab-8 poly(A) site. (Gummalla et al., 2012) abd-A is required for instigation of neuroblast apoptosis in larvae. (Cenci and Gould, 2005) ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2. (Junion et al., 2005) RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells. (Boutros et al., 2004) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells. (Boutros et al., 2004) A burst of abd-A expression in the postembryonic neuroblasts specifies the time at which apoptosis occurs, determining the number of progeny generated by each neuroblast. (Bello et al., 2003) abd-A is necessary for the development of somatic gonadal precursors. (DeFalco et al., 2003) "Uab" (Ultraabdominal) alleles show ectopic transcription of the "iab-2" regulatory region, which normally controls the differentiation of cells in the second abdominal segment (PS7). The ectopic transcripts are abundant in the cells of the first abdominal segment (PS6). It is not clear what site or function is affected by the ectopic transcripts. (Bender and Fitzgerald, 2002) the spatially restricted expression and activity of abd-A appears to determines heart identity in cells of the posterior portion of the dorsal vessel. (Lo et al., 2002) abd-A specifies heart cell fate in the dorsal vessel in the embryo. (Lovato et al., 2002) abd-A is required to confer a heart identity on cardiomyocytes in the developing embryo. (Ponzielli et al., 2002) In the antennal disc, abd-A exerts its effects by suppressing the transcription of hth and thus preventing the nuclear localisation of exd. (Yao et al., 1999) Subcellular localisation of exd is regulated by the BX-C genes and each BX-C gene can prevent or reduce nuclear translocation of exd to different extents. Ubx and abd-A require exd activity for their maintenance and functions. (Azpiazu and Morata, 1998) Whenever a Hox gene functions as a repressor in the dpp enhancer it prevails over others that function as activators. (Capovilla and Botas, 1998) abd-A is required for the development of all gonadal mesodermal cells. (Moore et al., 1998) Mutants have been isolated in an EMS mutagenesis screen to identify zygotic mutations affecting germ cell migration at discrete points during embryogenesis. (Moore et al., 1998) srp promotes fat body development in the embryo, while abd-A allows gonadal mesoderm to develop by repressing srp function. (Moore et al., 1998) The Pc protein is not distributed homogeneously on the regulatory regions of the repressed Ubx and abd-A genes, but is highly enriched at discrete sequence elements, many of which coincide with previously mapped Pc response elements (PREs). (Strutt et al., 1997) Ectopic expression of Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B cause similar transformations in the appendages (antenna and wing) but different transformations in the main body axis. abd-A, and to some extent Abd-B, can form haltere-like tissue in the absence of Ubx. Although exd product affects wing development the presence of exd fails to modify the wing to haltere transformation caused by ectopic expression of either Ubx or abd-A. (Casares et al., 1996) The expression pattern of a number of genes in the larval genital discs, including abd-A, has been studied to determine the segment-parasegment organisation of the genital discs. (Freeland and Kuhn, 1996) Despite the absence of a syncytium in C.floridanum embryos monoclonal antibodies to en, Ubx and abd-A demonstrate their cognate proteins are expressed in a conserved pattern in the post-gastrulation stages of development. The expression of the eve cognate protein is not completely conserved and lacks a pair rule phase to its expression. (Grbic et al., 1996) abd-A function is required for and plays a distinct role in the development of gonadal precursors. abd-A activity alone specifies the anterior gonadal precursor fate, abd-A and Abd-B act together to specify a posterior subpopulation of gonadal precursors. Proper regional identities of the gonadal precursors are required for the arrest of migration at the correct position. During late stages of gonadogenesis abd-A is required in a population of cells within parasegments 10 and 11 that partially ensheath the coalescing gonad. (Boyle and DiNardo, 1995) abd-A expression is controlled by gap gene activation of iab regulatory regions at the blastoderm stage, monitored by the distribution of iab transcripts along the embryo anterior posterior axis. Overall orientation not stated: abd-A- iab-4? CG10349? anon-89Ec? Abd-B- (Casares and Sanchez-Herrero, 1995) Pc associates with multiple sites in the bithorax complex and these sites all contain maintenance element. (Chiang et al., 1995) At the locations of the first and third constrictions, opa is positively regulated by Antp and abd-A respectively. (Cimbora and Sakonju, 1995) In the absence of exd, Ubx and abd-A have equivalent roles in abdominal tergites 1-4. (Gonzalez-Crespo and Morata, 1995) Abd-B cannot substitute for abd-A in specifying gonadal mesoderm. (Greig and Akam, 1995) Ectopic expression of abd-A is able to rescue the early stages of gonad formation. Ectopic expression leads to the formation of ectopic gonadal tissue in the anterior segments. These cells behave like normal gonads, in that they condense with one another, but only in the abdominal segments are they colonised by pole cells. (Greig and Akam, 1995) Breaks causing abd-A mutations on rearrangement chromosomes that break in the iab7 region induce the iab elements to switch their target promoter from Abd-B to abd-A. The iab5 element may trans-interact with abd-A similarly to the iab trans-regulation of Abd-B, and unlike the transvection effects at Ubx. (Hendrickson and Sakonju, 1995) Highly selective interactions exist between exd and certain isoforms of Ubx and with the abd-A protein. (Johnson et al., 1995) The transcription unit that produces the noncoding iab-4 transcript has been identified. (Lewis et al., 1995, Martin et al., 1995) A Pc-response element has been identified in an intron of abd-A. (Lunde et al., 1995) A 1.7kb fragment of the iab-2 regulatory region activates abd-A expression in parasegment 7. The products of Kr, hb and gt act at this enhancer. The 1.7kb fragment also causes pairing-dependent activation of a miniwhite marker in a P element. (Shimell et al., 1995) abd-A has no effect on the ability of Scr to direct the formation of salivary glands. (Andrew et al., 1994) Heat shock induced expression of mouse Hox genes in Drosophila embryos deficient for homeotic genes demonstrates that functional hierarchy is a universal property of the homeobox genes. Correlations exist between the expression patterns of the mouse Hox genes along the antero-posterior body axis of mice and the extent of their effect along the antero-posterior body axis of flies. (Bachiller et al., 1994) The dpp gene has a visceral mesoderm-specific enhancer that is regulated by Ubx and abd-A in vivo. (Capovilla et al., 1994) Initial distribution of abd-A product is approximately uniform within parasegments 7 to 13. Subsequent elaboration of the expression pattern results in differentiation between, as well as within, parasegments. Establishment of the original abd-A expression domain is independent of any pair-rule or segment polarity genes but most are required for the subsequent elaboration of the expression within its domain. (Macias et al., 1994) Antp, Ubx, abd-A, dpp and wg are required for proper tsh expression. The control of tsh by Ubx, abd-A and probably also by Antp is mediated by secreted signalling molecules. (Mathies et al., 1994) Ubx and abd-A have equivalent functions in promoting the formation of particular muscle precursors in the abdominal segments, while Abd-B suppresses these same myogenic cells in the posterior region of the abdomen. Either Ubx or abd-A can override the inhibitory effect of Abd-B, when expressed in the same mesodermal cells. Homeotic cues specific to both the mesoderm and ectoderm cooperate to specify the pattern of muscle attachment sites. (Michelson, 1994) Comparisons of early development to that in other insects have revealed conservation of some aspects of development, as well as differences that may explain variations in early patterning events. (Patel, 1994) Ubx and abd-A are required for the expression of the abdominal variant of the NB1-1 lineage. (Prokop and Technau, 1994) Homeoproteins Ubx and abd-A act through the same downstream element to differentially regulate Antp P1 promoter activity. (Saffman and Krasnow, 1994) abd-A is required for PNS development in the embryo. (Salzberg et al., 1994) Mutation in abd-A causes abnormal positioning of the chordotonal organs. (Salzberg et al., 1994) Expression of abd-A prevents dpp transcription in the whole visceral mesoderm, even when high and uniform levels of Ubx, that activate dpp, are present. (Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1994) Ectopic expression of dpp eliminates Scr and Antp expression, attenuating abd-A expression, inducing Ubx, dpp, wg and tsh expression in the visceral mesoderm and inducing lab expression in the apposing endoderm. (Staehling-Hampton and Hoffmann, 1994) The exd protein raises the DNA binding specificity of Ubx and abd-A protein, but not that of Abd-B. (van Dijk and Murre, 1994) 30 common binding sites for Ubx and abd-A product have been identified in the Antp P2 promoter. Different mechanisms of repression of Antp by Ubx and abd-A product operate in different tissues. (Appel and Sakonju, 1993) trx exerts its effects by positively regulating homeotic gene expression, but Ubx, Antp, abd-A, Abd-B, Scr and Dfd have different tissue-specific, parasegment-specific and promoter-specific reductions in expression in a trx mutant background. (Breen and Harte, 1993) Pattern of adult muscle precursors characteristic of embryonic thorax can be converted to abdominal pattern by ectopic mesodermal expression of abd-A, demonstrating an autonomous role for abd-A in mesodermal patterning. (Greig and Akam, 1993) abd-A is capable of binding to a consensus en binding site. (Kalionis and O'Farrell, 1993) The bithorax complex genes are regulated by the Pc group of genes, acting via 'Pc group response elements' (PREs), that can work even when removed from the normal the bithorax complex context. (Simon et al., 1993) Mcb region chromatin structure contains distinct chromatin structures that display similarities to the scs and scs' structures of the Hsp70A locus and are constitutive. Deletion analysis demonstrates that the DNA segment required for Mcb function contains 1 major hypersensitive region and 3 minor nuclease hypersensitive regions. (Vazquez et al., 1993) The expression of 412 in the gonadal mesoderm depends on abd-A and Abd-B. (Brookman et al., 1992) Mutations of the iab4 allele group of abd-A transform epidermal structures of parasegment 9 and cause loss of gonads in adult flies. The gonadless phenotype of iab4 mutant can be rescued by nuclear transplantation with wild-type nuclei, marked with an Hsp70:lacZ transgene. (Cumberledge et al., 1992) Different homeotic genes have specific local effects on Dfd expression. (Gonzalez-Reyes et al., 1992) Mutants of abd-A exhibit ectopic paired lateral dots in the abdominal segments of the larval CNS. Two copies of abd-A are required for the complete suppression of lateral dots in segments A2 through to A4 and in some but not all alleles other elements of the bithorax complex (iab-3 and iab-4) act in trans on the abd-A+ gene to increase its rate of transcription or processing in A3 and A4. This would result in higher level of lateral dot suppression in the corresponding segments. (Jijakli and Ghysen, 1992) abd-A is a member of the bithorax complex. The bithorax complex is a gene cluster that functions to assign unique identities to body segments in the abdomen and posterior thorax. Most, perhaps all, the bithorax complex functions are expressed within parasegments, metameric units composed of the posterior compartment of one segment and the anterior compartment of another. Complementation studies indicate that the bithorax complex is organized into three large functionally integrated regions, known as the Ultrabithorax (Ubx), abdominal-A (abd-A), and Abdominal-B (Abd-B) domains. The abd-A domain functions primarily to assign identities to parasegments 7 to 13. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) Null abd-A alleles are recessive lethal. Homozygous larvae show transformations of the ventral and dorsal setal belts of A2 through A8 toward A1. These transformations are complete in A2 through A4, but are incomplete more posteriorly. Partial Keilin's organs composed of monohairs occur variably on all segments from A1 through A7. In the adult cuticle, homozygous abd-A mitotic recombination clones are completely transformed to A1 in segments A2 through A4 and show characteristics of A1 to A4 in segments A5 to A7. Recessive mutations of abd-A belong to the 'infra-abdominal' iab2, iab3 and iab4 groups of E.B. Lewis; dominant mutations were described as 'Hyperabdominal', Hab. abd-AHab-1/+ has the third thoracic segment (T3) and first abdominal segment (A1) variably transformed toward the second abdominal segment (A2), occasionally resulting in the loss of one or both metathoracic legs and one or both halteres; an A2 type tergite and sternite appear on T3; but A1 is only weakly transformed toward A2. Strongly enhanced when mother is from stock of Df(3R)red-P93, l(3)tr1, Sb1/In(3L)P + In(3R)UbxP18, Me1 Ubx1. iab2 alleles are recessive: Adult homozygotes or hemizygotes show transformations of A2 toward A1. The known alleles cause only partial transformations. Wheeler's organs (A2 structures) are reduced or absent and A2 tergite bristles are reduced in size. These alleles do not affect the larval cuticle pattern. iab3 alleles are recessive: Hemizygote and homozygote have third, fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments (A3, A4, A5 and A6) transformed toward the second abdominal segment (A2). The Wheelers Organ (normally only on A2) is now partially to fully developed on A3 to A6, inclusive. Hemizygotes are viable and show a loss of gonads in both sexes. In homozygotes A1 is weakly transformed toward A2. iab4 alleles are recessive: Both the hemizygote and homozygote are viable and have a transformation of A4 toward A3 as well as a weak transformation of A5 toward A4 or A3. Gonads are absent in both sexes (or partially developed in some alleles). In some of the alleles, A2 transforms weakly to A3, especially in the homozygote. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) abd-A and Abd-B derepression by Pc mutants causes transformation of the fourth abdominal segment to a more posterior identity. (Tamkun et al., 1992) In embryos mutant at Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B, Dll expression is derepressed in the abdominal segments. (Vachon et al., 1992) trx is necessary for normal levels of abd-A protein accumulation. (Breen and Harte, 1991) Homeotic gene activity programs primordia as either discs or histoblast nests by the early extended germ band stage. (Simcox et al., 1991) abd-A expression is unaffected in wg mutants. (Immergluck et al., 1990) Ubx, abd-A, dpp, wg and lab have interacting gene products involved in the induction process between the visceral mesoderm and the gut epithelium in the embryo. (Immergluck et al., 1990) The abd-A product appears to repress the expression of Ubx whenever they appear in the same cell. (Karch et al., 1990) abd-A mutant embryos show Ubx and dpp expression extended over the posterior midgut. (Panganiban et al., 1990) abd-A acts in its proper domain in an exd mutant but the morphological consequences of abd-A expression are altered. (Peifer and Wieschaus, 1990) Spatially restricted expression of dpp in the visceral mesoderm is regulated by the homeotic genes Ubx and abd-A. abd-A represses dpp expression in the visceral mesoderm cells of the anterior midgut. abd-A function is required for expression of wg in the visceral mesoderm posterior to dpp expressing cells. (Reuter et al., 1990) A regulatory element in the iab-2 region programs abd-A expression with a proper anterior limit in parasegment 7 and a regulatory element in the iab-3 region programs proper anterior limit in parasegment 8. (Simon et al., 1990) The iab region is transcribed showing distinct and spatially restricted patterns of hybridisation but no transcripts are localised to specific abdominal regions. Expression patterns at blastoderm follow an antero-posterior order and suggest an initial double parasegment subdivision for the activation of the bithorax complex. Hybridising probes of genomic DNA fragments to embryonic tissue sections did not find any previously unknown transcription units. (Sanchez-Herrero and Akam, 1989) The position of the abd-A expression domains in the visceral mesoderm have been defined with respect to parasegment boundaries. (Tremml and Bienz, 1989) The correct expression of Ubx in the visceral mesoderm is dependent both on autocatalysis and on repression by abd-A. (Bienz and Tremml, 1988) Scr and en are derepressed in the absence of Pc and the bithorax complex function. (Busturia and Morata, 1988) In the absence of the bithorax complex genes, Pc- clones develop prothoracic patterns: Scr activity overrules Antp. Adding contributions of Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B results in thoracic or abdominal patterns. (Busturia and Morata, 1988) Recessive mutations of the Hab group of abd-A alleles have been isolated as revertants of a dominant gain-of-function abd-A mutation. (Karch et al., 1985) Embryos lacking abd-A develop into larvae in which parasegments 7-10 appear cleanly transformed into parasegment 6 and parasegments 11-13 appear partially transformed into parasegment 6. Embryos lacking both abd-A and Abd-B develop into first instar larvae in which all eight abdominal segments appear to be composites of the anterior compartment of A1 and the posterior compartment of T3. Embryos also mutant for esc show this same pattern in a head segment, the cryptic ninth abdominal segment and the three thoracic segments, as well as the other abdominal segments. (Struhl and White, 1985)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057345 NM_169733 NM_001170161 NM_001260216 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_476693 NP_732176 NP_001163632 NP_001247145 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA84405 AAA84406 AAF55359 AAF55360 AAV36916 ACZ94928 AFH06463 BT016031 CAA38321 L07835 L31790 U31961 X54453 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 42037 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P29555 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • E1JIM9
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Homeobox, conserved site (IPR017970) Homeodomain (IPR001356) Homeodomain-like (IPR009057) Homeodomain, metazoa (IPR020479) Homeobox protein (IPR022132) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • PC00111
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 67081 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000014 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000014 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000014 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG10325-RB;CG10325-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000014 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 42037 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /segment/abdmla1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 42037 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000014 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0000014 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • P29555
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 39 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	abd_a (Schwartz et al., 2006) abd-A (Breiling et al., 2004, LaBeau et al., 2009, Pearson et al., 2005, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Mihaly et al., 2006, Scuderi et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Freeland and Kuhn, 1996, Akbari et al., 2006, Kreiman, 2004, Aerts et al., 2007, Roy et al., 2007, Hueber et al., 2007, Bello et al., 2007, Chopra and Mishra, 2006, Fitzgerald and Bender, 2001, Tarone et al., 2008, Stark et al., 2007, Mito et al., 2007, Choo et al., 2011, Akbari et al., 2007, Duboule, 2007, Shimell et al., 2000, Slattery et al., 2011, Kwong et al., 2008, Kuzin et al., 2011, Anderson et al., 2011, Mohan et al., 2007, DeFalco et al., 2008, Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Akbari et al., 2008, Tsuji et al., 2008, Gebelein and Mann, 2007, Hauenschild et al., 2008, Bender, 2008, Stark et al., 2008, Tyler et al., 2008, Thomsen et al., 2010, Parrish et al., 2007, Oktaba et al., 2008, Garaulet et al., 2008, Ayroles et al., 2009, Casillas et al., 2006, Bantignies et al., 2011, Zhimulev et al., 2003, Chopra et al., 2009, Chopra et al., 2009, Pérez-Lluch et al., 2008, Tie et al., 2009, Cleard et al., 2006, Ohno et al., 2008, Grad et al., 2004, Percival-Smith et al., 2005, Karlsson et al., 2010, Hueber et al., 2010, Enriquez et al., 2010, Witt et al., 2010, Schwartz et al., 2010, Li-Kroeger et al., 2012, Foley et al., 2010, Yassin et al., 2010, Gummalla et al., 2012, Wong and Merritt, 2002, Merritt and Whitington, 2002, Ahn et al., 2010, Marco et al., 2009, Roy et al., 2011, Graveley et al., 2011, Chatterjee et al., 2011, Gutzwiller et al., 2010, Nakamura et al., 1999, Arvey et al., 2010, Tchuraev and Galimzyanov, 2009, Dougherty et al., 2008, McNeil et al., 2011, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kang et al., 2006) abdA (Kannan et al., 2010, Monier et al., 2005, Ringrose et al., 2004, Sprecher et al., 2004, Kmita and Duboule, 2003, Bello et al., 2003, Arnosti, 2002, Merabet et al., 2002, Panganiban and Rubenstein, 2002, Lohmann and McGinnis, 2002, Brodu et al., 2002, Merabet et al., 2002, Mattick and Gagen, 2001, Cenci et al., 2001, Brodu et al., 2001, Affolter, 2000, Capel, 2000, Tillib et al., 1999, Morata and Sanchez-Herrero, 1999, Fuss and Hoch, 1998, Shen, 1998, Lehmann et al., 1998, Bilder et al., 1998, Rongo et al., 1997, Jones et al., 1998, Riechmann et al., 1998, Moore et al., 1998, Kovalick and Zhang, 1998, Miller et al., 1998, Moore et al., 1998, Broihier et al., 1998, Grieder et al., 1997, Azpiazu and Morata, 1998, Abouheif et al., 1997, Boyle et al., 1997, Panganiban et al., 1995, Mackay, 1995, Gieseler et al., 1995, Simon et al., 1995, Mann, 1995, Simon, 1995, Duboule and Morata, 1994, Gehring, 1993, Salzberg et al., 1994, Bate, 1993, Skaer, 1993, Jurgens and Hartenstein, 1993, Martinez Arias, 1993, Graba et al., 1992, Budd and Jackson, 1991, O'Connor et al., 1989, Lehmann, 1988, Negre and Ruiz, 2007, Karlsson et al., 2007, Monier et al., 2007, Apitz et al., 2005, Dixit et al., 2008, Renault et al., 2004, Sano et al., 2005, Rogulja-Ortmann and Technau, 2008, Pandey et al., 2011, Riede, 2004, Coiffier et al., 2008, Rogulja-Ortmann et al., 2008, Di Stefano et al., 2007, Beisel et al., 2007, Lanzuolo et al., 2007, Brodu et al., 2004, Grienenberger et al., 2003, Negre et al., 2005, Witt et al., 2010, Ahn et al., 2010, Jung et al., 2008, Hudry et al., 2012) Abd-A (Chen and Rasmuson-Lestander, 2009, Chambeyron and Bickmore, 2004, Vervoort, 2002, Hirth et al., 2001, Gerasimova and Corces, 2001, Decoville et al., 2001, Grienenberger et al., 2000, Satijn and Otte, 1999, Martin, 1997.8.28, Moreno and Morata, 1998, Palopoli and Patel, 1998, Bodnar, 1997, Prasanth and Spector, 2007, Ogishima and Tanaka, 2007, Sandmann et al., 2007, Gebelein et al., 2008, Yoder and Carroll, 2006, Miguel-Aliaga et al., 2008, Juven-Gershon et al., 2008, González et al., 2008, Junion et al., 2007, Noyes et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2010, Miura et al., 2011, Uhl et al., 2010, Boykova et al., 2005, Slattery et al., 2011) AbdA (Ebner et al., 2005, Merabet et al., 2005, Santos and Lehmann, 2004, Merabet et al., 2003, Averof, 2002, Gould et al., 2003, Pavlopoulous and Averof, 2002, Gould et al., 2002, Ronshaugen et al., 2002, Plaza et al., 2001, Ronshaugen and McGinnis, 2001, Merabet et al., 2001, Jagla et al., 2001, Grbic, 2000, Chauvet et al., 1997, Laufer and Marigo, 1994, Hoffmann, 1991, Lobe and Gruss, 1989, Noro and Mann, 2007, Hudry et al., 2011, Chia et al., 2008, Merabet et al., 2011, Maurange et al., 2008, Merabet et al., 2007, Lelli et al., 2011, Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Saadaoui et al., 2011, Kannan et al., 2010, Lelli et al., 2011, Noro et al., 2011, Agelopoulos et al., 2012) Abda (Alexandre and Vincent, 2002) abda (Passner et al., 1999) abd A (Biggin and McGinnis, 1997) abd-a (Simcox et al., 1991) BX-C (Maeda and Karch, 2006, Bellen et al., 2011) Cbxd (Duncan and Montgomery, 2002, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) CG10325 (Fulton et al., 2001, Kreiman, 2004, Lebo et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) DmabdA (Telford, 2000) Dmabda (DeSalle et al., 2003) Fab-3 (Ivlieva et al., 2011, Ivlieva et al., 2011) Fab-4 (Ivlieva et al., 2011, Ivlieva et al., 2011) Hab (Lewis, 1998, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Bender et al., 1983, ) iab   iab-2 (Ringrose et al., 2003, Crow and Bender, 2004, Duncan and Montgomery, 2002, Bender, 2000, Burr et al., 1996, Bender et al., 1985, Regulski et al., 1985, Bender et al., 1983, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Akbari et al., 2006) iab2 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) iab-3 (Lupo et al., 2001, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Akbari et al., 2006) iab3 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) iab-4 (Aboobaker et al., 2005, Crow and Bender, 2004, Sipos et al., 1998, Wilkins, 1992, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Akbari et al., 2006) iab4 (Lupo et al., 1999, Warrior, 1994, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) iab-5 (Bender et al., 1983) l(3)89Ec   unnamed (Capdevila and Garcia-Bellido, 1981)
Name Synonym	abdominal A (Breiling et al., 2004, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Roy et al., 2007, Bello et al., 2007, Duboule, 2007, DeFalco et al., 2008, Lebo et al., 2009, Carpenter et al., 2009, Negre et al., 2005, Neely et al., 2010, Graveley et al., 2011, Chatterjee et al., 2011) Abdominal-A (Kannan et al., 2010, Maurange and Gould, 2006, Prasanth and Spector, 2007, Monier et al., 2007, Gebelein et al., 2008, Li-Kroeger et al., 2008, Miguel-Aliaga et al., 2008, Juven-Gershon et al., 2008, Percival-Smith et al., 2005, Hueber et al., 2010, Witt et al., 2010) abdominal-A (Aruga, 2004, de Navas et al., 2006, Lemons and McGinnis, 2006, Chopra and Mishra, 2006, Lai et al., 2008, Schiller et al., 2008, Akbari et al., 2007, Slattery et al., 2011, Anderson et al., 2011, Akbari et al., 2008, Gebelein and Mann, 2007, Di Stefano et al., 2007, Hauenschild et al., 2008, Stark et al., 2008, Tyler et al., 2008, Casillas et al., 2006, LaBeau et al., 2009, Pérez-Lluch et al., 2008, Gambetta et al., 2009, Karlsson et al., 2010, Wong and Merritt, 2002, Merritt and Whitington, 2002, Ahn et al., 2010, Gutzwiller et al., 2010, Arvey et al., 2010, Kuzin et al., 2011) abdominalA (Negre and Ruiz, 2007, Lanzuolo et al., 2007, Jung et al., 2008) abdominal-a (Ishihara and Shibata, 2008) Contrabithoraxoid (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) Hyperabdominal (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) infraabdominal   infra-abdominal 2 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) infra-abdominal 3 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) infra-abdominal 4 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, ) Ultraabdominal (Bender and Fitzgerald, 2002)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 659 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 659 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 396 ) Supplementary material  ( 9 ) Review  ( 138 ) Erratum  ( 2 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 81 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Obituary  ( 1 ) Biography  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Conference report  ( 5 ) Letter  ( 3 ) Book  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book review  ( 1 ) Thesis  ( 1 ) Interview  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 29 )
	Agelopoulos et al., 2012, Cell Rep. 1(4): 350--359 Developmental regulation of chromatin conformation by Hox proteins in Drosophila. [FBrf0218139] Fabian et al., 2012, Mol. Ecol. 21(19): 4748--4769 Genome-wide patterns of latitudinal differentiation among populations of Drosophila melanogaster from North America. [FBrf0219505] Gummalla et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(5): e1002720 abd-A Regulation by the iab-8 Noncoding RNA. [FBrf0218472] Hudry et al., 2012, PLoS Biol. 10(6): e1001351 Hox Proteins Display a Common and Ancestral Ability to Diversify Their Interaction Mode with the PBC Class Cofactors. [FBrf0218732] Li-Kroeger et al., 2012, Development 139(9): 1611--1619 Integration of an abdominal Hox complex with Pax2 yields cell-specific EGF secretion from Drosophila sensory precursor cells. [FBrf0217994] Zeng et al., 2012, Nucleic Acids Res. 40(13): 5848--5863 Genome-wide polycomb target gene prediction in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218974] Anderson et al., 2011, Development 138(10): 1957--1966 The enhancer of trithorax and polycomb gene Caf1/p55 is essential for cell survival and patterning in Drosophila development. [FBrf0213580] Bantignies et al., 2011, Cell 144(2): 214--226 Polycomb-Dependent Regulatory Contacts between Distant Hox Loci in Drosophila. [FBrf0212775] Bellen et al., 2011, Genetics 188(3): 731--743 The Drosophila gene disruption project: progress using transposons with distinctive site specificities. [FBrf0214229] Chatterjee et al., 2011, Development 138(6): 1099--1109 The female-specific Doublesex isoform regulates pleiotropic transcription factors to pattern genital development in Drosophila. [FBrf0213054] Choo et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(4): e14778 Genome-wide analysis of the binding of the hox protein ultrabithorax and the hox cofactor homothorax in Drosophila. [FBrf0213420] Drewell, 2011, G3 (Bethesda) 1(7): 603--606 Transcription factor binding site redundancy in embryonic enhancers of the Drosophila bithorax complex. [FBrf0217644] Graveley et al., 2011, Nature 471(7339): 473--479 The developmental transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213330] Hudry et al., 2011, BMC Biol. 9: 5 Visualization of protein interactions in living Drosophila embryos by the bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. [FBrf0213066] Ivlieva et al., 2011, Genetika, Moscow 47(9): 1184--1189 [Study of the enhancer-blocking activities of new boundaries in the bithorax complex of Drosophila melanogaster]. [FBrf0216781] Ivlieva et al., 2011, Russ. J. Genet. 47(9): 1047--1051 Study of the enhancer-blocking activities of new boundaries in the bithorax complex of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217889] Kuzin et al., 2011, Mech. Dev. 128(3-4): 165--177 Functional analysis of conserved sequences within a temporally restricted neural precursor cell enhancer. [FBrf0213297] Lelli et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(52): 21122--21127 Variable motif utilization in homeotic selector (Hox)-cofactor complex formation controls specificity. [FBrf0217107] McNeil et al., 2011, G3 (Bethesda) 1(5): 343--351 Multiple Quantitative Trait Loci Influence the Shape of a Male-Specific Genital Structure in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217624] Merabet et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(10): e1002302 Insights into hox protein function from a large scale combinatorial analysis of protein domains. [FBrf0216630] Miura et al., 2011, Genome Biol. Evol. 3: 129--139 Evolutionary Changes of the Target Sites of Two MicroRNAs Encoded in the Hox Gene Cluster of Drosophila and Other Insect Species. [FBrf0213060] Noro et al., 2011, Genes Dev. 25(22): 2327--2332 Competition for cofactor-dependent DNA binding underlies Hox phenotypic suppression. [FBrf0216806] Pandey et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(11): e28106 The Glucuronyltransferase GlcAT-P Is Required for Stretch Growth of Peripheral Nerves in Drosophila. [FBrf0216828] Roy et al., 2011, Mol. Genet. Genomics 285(2): 113--123 Lack of the Drosophila BEAF insulator proteins alters regulation of genes in the Antennapedia complex. [FBrf0212912] Saadaoui et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(6): 2276--2281 Selection of distinct Hox-Extradenticle interaction modes fine-tunes Hox protein activity. [FBrf0212994] Slattery et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(4): e14686 Genome-wide tissue-specific occupancy of the hox protein ultrabithorax and hox cofactor homothorax in Drosophila. [FBrf0213426] Slattery et al., 2011, Cell 147(6): 1270--1282 Cofactor Binding Evokes Latent Differences in DNA Binding Specificity between Hox Proteins. [FBrf0216937] Starr et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 359(2): 290--302 Molecular dissection of cis-regulatory modules at the Drosophila bithorax complex reveals critical transcription factor signature motifs. [FBrf0216527] Tchurikov et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(9): 3667--3685 Genome-wide profiling of forum domains in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213631] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...