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Gene Dmel\Act5C

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Act5C	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Actin 5C	Annotation symbol	CG4027
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000042
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	49 publicly available
Also Known As	Actin, BAP47, Actin5C, A, Act, l(1)G0079, l(1)G0117, l(1)G0025
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-
Cytogenetic map	5C7-5C7	Sequence location	X:5,794,897..5,798,823 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Actin 5C is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Act5C (CG4027, FBgn0000042). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: structural constituent of cytoskeleton. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: sperm individualization; inter-male aggressive behavior; cytokinesis; mushroom body development; maintenance of protein location in cell; phagocytosis, engulfment. 64 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: germline cyst; trichome; eye; trichogen cell; border follicle cell; arista; macrochaeta; anterior crossvein; mushroom body alpha-lobe; mushroom body alpha'-lobe. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Actin, conserved site; Actin-like; Actin/actin-like conserved site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of extremely high expression to a trough of very high expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: virgin spermatheca. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1626163_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 4 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of Act5C. Gene sequence location is X:5794897..5798823.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Act5C: Actin in region 5C Codes for cytoplasmic actin; transcribed throughout development; one of two actin genes transcribed in Kc cells and several other cell lines (Fyrberg, Mahaffy, Bond, and Davidson, 1983, Cell 33: 115-23). One of three actin genes expressed in the wing disc during wing development, each with its characteristic profile. Peak expression at 44h of pupal age, little or no expression at 60h rising again at 80h. 44h peak corresponds to time of maximum change in cell shape (Peterson, Bond, Mitchell, and Davidson, 1985, Dev. Genet. 5: 219-25). Transcripts present in the preblastoderm embryo suggesting maternal transcription; during blastoderm formation, Act5C transcripts accumulate at the periphery of the embryo; local concentrations of transcript observed in anterior and posterior midgut rudiments in stage 13 embryos; hybridization also observed in the developing ventral nervous system. Later in embryogenesis, transcript found in all tissues but with dramatic concentrations of transcripts in the anterior and posterior midgut and the proventriculus. Exon specific probes demonstrate that transcripts containing exon 1 tend to be concentrated in anterior portions of early embryos, including the anterior midgut primordium and the proventriculus, as well as in the posterior midgut primordium; during germ-band extension, small local concentrations of exon 2 transcripts are seen in posterior and ventral regions of the embryo (Burn, Vigoreaux, and Tobin, 1989, Dev. Biol. 131: 345-55).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	References Jin et al., 2011, Dev. Cell 20(5): 623--638
FB2012_01	References Ducka et al., 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(26): 11757--11762 Koppen et al., 2011, Proteomics 11(22): 4397--4410 Adamson et al., 2011, Genetics 189(2): 495--506 Meyer et al., 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(6): 485--491 Sequence features HFA17723 BKN29161
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 5C7-5C7   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG15770EP390 and P{EP}Act5CEP1604&P{EP}EP444
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 5C3-5C6   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--8 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5D1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C3--8 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--6 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--10 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Peter et al., 2002) 5C5-5C10   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--8 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.2) 5C3-5C8   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--8 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12) 5C5-5C8   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--6 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C3--9 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5D1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15) 5C3-5C6   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 5C5--8 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29) 5C-5C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Vieira et al., 1997) 5C-5C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Drosopoulou et al., 1997) 5C-5C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Vigoreaux and Tobin, 1987) 5C-5C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Fyrberg et al., 1980)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1- (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Act5C for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Act5C-RA FBtr0070822  NM_167053   1638   376 Act5C-RB FBtr0070823  NM_078497   1605   376 Act5C-RC FBtr0100662  NM_001014726   2251   376 Act5C-RD FBtr0100663  NM_001014725   1928   376
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.97 (northern blot) (Rao and Sodja, 1992) 1.9, 1.77 (northern blot) (Rao et al., 1988)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Act5C-PA   FBpp0070787   41.8   376   5.16     NP_727048   AAF46098 Act5C-PB   FBpp0070788   41.8   376   5.16     NP_511052   AAN09154 Act5C-PC   FBpp0100124   41.8   376   5.16     NP_001014726   AAX52479 Act5C-PD   FBpp0100125   41.8   376   5.16     NP_001014725   AAX52480
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments	The brm core complex appears to comprise 10 polypeptides. These include brm, mor, osa, Bap60, Snr1, dalao, Bap55, Bap170, Bap26,and Act42A or Act5C proteins. (Kal et al., 2000) The BRM complex was purified from Drosophila embryos using two distinct purification protocols and the subunit composition was determined. Eight major proteins were consistently observed including brm, Snr1, Bap55 (a novel actin-related protein), Bap60, dalao, Hsc70-4, and mor proteins. The complex also contains a cytoplasmic actin (Act42A or Act5C). (Papoulas et al., 1998)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Actin/actin-like conserved site (IPR020902) Actin-like (IPR004000) Actin, conserved site (IPR004001) PDB - Protein Data Bank. An information portal to biological macromolecular structures • 1N58
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201888   AA202624   AA202678   AA202681   AA202728   AA246618   AA390524   AA391359   AA392602   AA392897   AA392977   AA433252   AA439790   AA440206   AA541118   AA541173   AA567505   AA695446   AA696327   AA696813   AA698818   AA803009   AA803011   AA804043   AA816347   AA821053   AA951701   AE014298 AAF46098   AE014298 AAN09154   AE014298 AAX52479   AE014298 AAX52480   AI260582   AI295837   AI513782   AI515313   AI531820   AI944685   AJ426695   AJ426697   AJ426698   AJ426699   AJ426701   AJ426702   AJ426703   AJ426704   AJ426705   AK253228   AK268102   AK283278   AK283429   AK283785   AK339852   AK339930   AQ025532   AQ073196   AQ073217   AQ073218   AQ074128   AQ254778   AY089535   AY089562 AAL90300   AY089587   AY113405   AY118735   AY118907   AY231646   AY432896   AY432900   AY432905   AY433196   AY439575   AY440012   AY440361   AY440363   AY440778   AY572863   AY829794   BF485817   BF497293   BF498935   BF505185   BG636325   BG636432   BG637515   BG640326   BG640984   BG641184   BH614929   BI141719   BI141933   BI141949   BI142108   BI161512   BI162043   BI162051   BI162274   BI162742   BI162958   BI163508   BI163726   BI166619   BI167498   BI169371   BI170039   BI170503   BI173337   BI173813   BI212461   BI212682   BI212799   BI369403   BI484288   BI576149   BI581049   BI588331   BI631310   BP541813   BP542980   BP542981   BP544793   BP544794   BP548390   BP548400   BP548478   BP549373   BP549374   BP553780   BP553781   BP555013   BP555014   BP555468   BP556361   BP556362   BP557892   BP557893   BQ102875   BQ103094   BT016152   BT030949   BT050557   BT099500   BT099815   BX005750   BX006096   BX006108   BX006205   BX006494   BX006851   BX007025   BX007169   BX009354   BX010404   BX011235   BX011682   BX012748   BX013090   BX014410   BX018008   BX018891   BX019651   BX019681   BX021090   BX023258   BX023415   BX024085   BX025217   BX025942   BX026031   BX029573   BX029953   BX030198   BX031756   BX031960   BX032642   BX033057   BX033114   BX033742   BX034035   BX034514   BX034688   BX039747   BX042631   BX043104   BX046180   BX047639   BX050017   BX056209   BX063031   BX067175   CA803184   CA803440   CA803775   CA803865   CA803908   CA804651   CA806212   CA806370   CA806463   CA806807   CA807000   CA807355   CA807364   CL868538   CO155609   CO181729   CO185846   CO188627   CO193290   CO273952   CO275059   CO277305   CO280849   CO281947   CO295096   CO320511   CO334380   CO334393   CO334533   CO334544   CO334663   CO334670   CO334707   CO334712   CO334830   CO334859   CO334878   CO334888   CO334897   CO334981   CO335028   CO335152   CO335160   CO335274   CO335292   CO343052   CO343991   CR938056   CR938667   CZ471464   CZ472939   CZ477830   DQ413237   DQ440059   DQ507302   DQ675553   EC061930   EC063560   EC067824   EC069777   EC075546   EC090073   EC090695   EC194421   EC195093   EC197045   EC197488   EC198117   EC203990   EC211298   EC222752   EC228527   EC239014   EC240476   EC240570   EC241140   EC248293   EC254923   EC257311   EC259631   EC261339   EC261417   EC261551   EC263723   EC263894   EC265907   EC266269   EF092069   EF092073   EF207985   EL875944   ES688829   ES689033   ES689114   ES691530   ES692320   ES695968   EV575243   EV576239   EV577662   EV578905   EV579217   EV580018   EV580898   EV583436   EV583623   EV583903   EV584958   EV587067   EV587158   EV587316   EV589197   EV589634   EV589786   EV591171   EV591478   EV591627   EV592699   EV593245   EV593497   EV594951   EV595180   EV596102   EV596242   EV596604   EV597839   EV597999   EV598130   EV599455   EV600312   GH941545   GH941554   GH943862   GH945198   GH946126   GH947561   GH947859   GH949813   GH950776   GH951156   GH951976   GH954700   GH955508   GH955811   GH957521   GH959235   GH964953   GH967193   GH968222   GH968808   GH970253   GH972341   GH972393   GH972633   GH973620   GH974911   GH978117   GH978283   GH978492   GH979206   GH980108   GH980847   GH982127   GH982913   GH983305   GH985098   HM449853   HM449854   K00667 AAA28316   K01489   M13480   M13586   M13587 AAA28315   M20377   M20378   M32055   X06382   X06383 CAA29681   X06384 CAB61444   X07627 CAA30474   X15730
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P10987
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160816 X:5,794,893..5,794,903 evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2004, Parker and Topol, 1984) protein binding site FBsf0000160817 X:5,794,860..5,794,889 evidence=experimental (Parker and Topol, 1984, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000159804 X:5,794,907..5,794,923 evidence=experimental (Parker and Topol, 1984, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000159805 X:5,794,925..5,794,934 evidence=experimental (Parker and Topol, 1984, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000159806 X:5,795,687..5,795,711 evidence=experimental (Chung and Keller, 1990, Bergman et al., 2004)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	EPD - Eukarytoic Promoter Database, an annotated collection of POL II promoters • 23020 23021
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Burn et al., 1989) subesophageal ganglion   (Tobin et al., 1990) anterior embryonic/larval midgut   (Burn et al., 1989) organism | ubiquitous   (Burn et al., 1989) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Burn et al., 1989) embryonic stage   posterior embryonic/larval midgut   (Burn et al., 1989) supraesophageal ganglion   (Tobin et al., 1990) ventral nerve cord   (Tobin et al., 1990)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Dorus et al., 2006, Wasbrough et al., 2010) day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood   adult heart   (Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0000042    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0000042 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of extremely high expression to a trough of very high expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000042 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    134731 embryo 02-04hr    203450 embryo 04-06hr    180669 embryo 06-08hr    141371 embryo 08-10hr    145187 embryo 10-12hr    154433 embryo 12-14hr    110550 embryo 14-16hr    120289 embryo 16-18hr    99835 embryo 18-20hr    124278 embryo 20-22hr    200750 embryo 22-24hr    176152 larva L1    129768 larva L2    171259 larva L3 12hr old    102395 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    96090 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    132881 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    196219 white prepupae new    231334 white prepupae 12hr    193580 white prepupae 24hr    179394 pupae 2d postWPP    172484 pupae 3d postWPP    36485 pupae 4d postWPP    140139 adult male 01day    54971 adult male 05day    53731 adult male 30day    62922 adult female 01day    108398 adult female 05day    110064 adult female 30day    107245 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    134731 embryo 02-04hr    203450 embryo 04-06hr    180669 embryo 06-08hr    141371 embryo 08-10hr    145187 embryo 10-12hr    154433 embryo 12-14hr    110550 embryo 14-16hr    120289 embryo 16-18hr    99835 embryo 18-20hr    124278 embryo 20-22hr    200750 embryo 22-24hr    176152 larva L1    129768 larva L2    171259 larva L3 12hr old    102395 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    96090 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    132881 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    196219 white prepupae new    231334 white prepupae 12hr    193580 white prepupae 24hr    179394 pupae 2d postWPP    172484 pupae 3d postWPP    36485 pupae 4d postWPP    140139 adult male 01day    54971 adult male 05day    53731 adult male 30day    62922 adult female 01day    108398 adult female 05day    110064 adult female 30day    107245 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000042 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    134731 embryo 02-04hr    203450 embryo 04-06hr    180669 embryo 06-08hr    141371 embryo 08-10hr    145187 embryo 10-12hr    154433 embryo 12-14hr    110550 embryo 14-16hr    120289 embryo 16-18hr    99835 embryo 18-20hr    124278 embryo 20-22hr    200750 embryo 22-24hr    176152 larva L1    129768 larva L2    171259 larva L3 12hr old    102395 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    96090 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    132881 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    196219 white prepupae new    231334 white prepupae 12hr    193580 white prepupae 24hr    179394 pupae 2d postWPP    172484 pupae 3d postWPP    36485 pupae 4d postWPP    140139 adult male 01day    54971 adult male 05day    53731 adult male 30day    62922 adult female 01day    108398 adult female 05day    110064 adult female 30day    107245 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (134731) embryo 02-04hr  (203450) embryo 04-06hr  (180669) embryo 06-08hr  (141371) embryo 08-10hr  (145187) embryo 10-12hr  (154433) embryo 12-14hr  (110550) embryo 14-16hr  (120289) embryo 16-18hr  (99835) embryo 18-20hr  (124278) embryo 20-22hr  (200750) embryo 22-24hr  (176152) larva L1  (129768) larva L2  (171259) larva L3 12hr old  (102395) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (96090) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (132881) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (196219) white prepupae new  (231334) white prepupae 12hr  (193580) white prepupae 24hr  (179394) pupae 2d postWPP  (172484) pupae 3d postWPP  (36485) pupae 4d postWPP  (140139) adult male 01day  (54971) adult male 05day  (53731) adult male 30day  (62922) adult female 01day  (108398) adult female 05day  (110064) adult female 30day  (107245) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    134731 embryo 02-04hr    203450 embryo 04-06hr    180669 embryo 06-08hr    141371 embryo 08-10hr    145187 embryo 10-12hr    154433 embryo 12-14hr    110550 embryo 14-16hr    120289 embryo 16-18hr    99835 embryo 18-20hr    124278 embryo 20-22hr    200750 embryo 22-24hr    176152 larva L1    129768 larva L2    171259 larva L3 12hr old    102395 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    96090 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    132881 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    196219 white prepupae new    231334 white prepupae 12hr    193580 white prepupae 24hr    179394 pupae 2d postWPP    172484 pupae 3d postWPP    36485 pupae 4d postWPP    140139 adult male 01day    54971 adult male 05day    53731 adult male 30day    62922 adult female 01day    108398 adult female 05day    110064 adult female 30day    107245 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0000042    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0000042 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: virgin spermatheca. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000042 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2751.075 Larval Midgut    5596.2 Larval Hindgut    4448.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    4343.7 Larval Fat Body    4931.8 Larval Salivary Gland    6272.7 Larval Trachea    6010.925 Larval Carcass    3247.15 Adult Head    1986.1 Adult Eye    2342.925 Adult Brain    2410.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2293.8 Adult Crop    2055 Adult Midgut    5158.9 Adult Hindgut    4217.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3871 Adult Fat Body    1205.3 Adult Salivary Gland    5980 Adult Heart    2024.325 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary    2377 Adult Testis    1718.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2306.9 Adult Carcass    1612.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (2751.075) Larval Midgut  (5596.2) Larval Hindgut  (4448.9) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (4343.7) Larval Fat Body  (4931.8) Larval Salivary Gland  (6272.7) Larval Trachea  (6010.925) Larval Carcass  (3247.15) Adult Head  (1986.1) Adult Eye  (2342.925) Adult Brain  (2410.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2293.8) Adult Crop  (2055) Adult Midgut  (5158.9) Adult Hindgut  (4217.5) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (3871) Adult Fat Body  (1205.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (5980) Adult Heart  (2024.325) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (666.9) Adult Ovary  (2377) Adult Testis  (1718.8) Adult Male Accessory Gland  (2306.9) Adult Carcass  (1612.6) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (2751.075) Larval Midgut  (5596.2) Larval Hindgut  (4448.9) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (4343.7) Larval Fat Body  (4931.8) Larval Salivary Gland  (6272.7) Larval Trachea  (6010.925) Larval Carcass  (3247.15) Adult Head  (1986.1) Adult Eye  (2342.925) Adult Brain  (2410.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2293.8) Adult Crop  (2055) Adult Midgut  (5158.9) Adult Hindgut  (4217.5) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (3871) Adult Fat Body  (1205.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (5980) Adult Heart  (2024.325) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary  (2377) Adult Testis  (1718.8) Adult Male Accessory Gland  (2306.9) Adult Carcass  (1612.6) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2751.075 Larval Midgut    5596.2 Larval Hindgut    4448.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    4343.7 Larval Fat Body    4931.8 Larval Salivary Gland    6272.7 Larval Trachea    6010.925 Larval Carcass    3247.15 Adult Head    1986.1 Adult Eye    2342.925 Adult Brain    2410.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2293.8 Adult Crop    2055 Adult Midgut    5158.9 Adult Hindgut    4217.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3871 Adult Fat Body    1205.3 Adult Salivary Gland    5980 Adult Heart    2024.325 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary    2377 Adult Testis    1718.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2306.9 Adult Carcass    1612.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000042 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2751.075 Larval Midgut    5596.2 Larval Hindgut    4448.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    4343.7 Larval Fat Body    4931.8 Larval Salivary Gland    6272.7 Larval Trachea    6010.925 Larval Carcass    3247.15 Adult Head    1986.1 Adult Eye    2342.925 Adult Brain    2410.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2293.8 Adult Crop    2055 Adult Midgut    5158.9 Adult Hindgut    4217.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3871 Adult Fat Body    1205.3 Adult Salivary Gland    5980 Adult Heart    2024.325 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary    2377 Adult Testis    1718.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2306.9 Adult Carcass    1612.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (2751.075) Larval Midgut  (5596.2) Larval Hindgut  (4448.9) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (4343.7) Larval Fat Body  (4931.8) Larval Salivary Gland  (6272.7) Larval Trachea  (6010.925) Larval Carcass  (3247.15) Adult Head  (1986.1) Adult Eye  (2342.925) Adult Brain  (2410.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2293.8) Adult Crop  (2055) Adult Midgut  (5158.9) Adult Hindgut  (4217.5) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (3871) Adult Fat Body  (1205.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (5980) Adult Heart  (2024.325) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  666.9 Adult Ovary  (2377) Adult Testis  (1718.8) Adult Male Accessory Gland  (2306.9) Adult Carcass  (1612.6) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (2751.075) Larval Midgut  (5596.2) Larval Hindgut  (4448.9) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (4343.7) Larval Fat Body  (4931.8) Larval Salivary Gland  (6272.7) Larval Trachea  (6010.925) Larval Carcass  (3247.15) Adult Head  (1986.1) Adult Eye  (2342.925) Adult Brain  (2410.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2293.8) Adult Crop  (2055) Adult Midgut  (5158.9) Adult Hindgut  (4217.5) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (3871) Adult Fat Body  1205.3 Adult Salivary Gland  (5980) Adult Heart  (2024.325) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary  (2377) Adult Testis  1718.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (2306.9) Adult Carcass  1612.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2751.075 Larval Midgut    5596.2 Larval Hindgut    4448.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    4343.7 Larval Fat Body    4931.8 Larval Salivary Gland    6272.7 Larval Trachea    6010.925 Larval Carcass    3247.15 Adult Head    1986.1 Adult Eye    2342.925 Adult Brain    2410.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2293.8 Adult Crop    2055 Adult Midgut    5158.9 Adult Hindgut    4217.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3871 Adult Fat Body    1205.3 Adult Salivary Gland    5980 Adult Heart    2024.325 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    371 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9 Adult Ovary    2377 Adult Testis    1718.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2306.9 Adult Carcass    1612.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    1986.1   NA  Eye    2342.925   NA  Brain    2410.8   2751.075  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2293.8   NA  Crop    2055   5596.2  Midgut    5158.9   4448.9  Hindgut    4217.5   4343.7  Malpighian Tubules    3871   4931.8  Fat Body    1205.3   6272.7  Salivary Gland    5980   NA  Heart    2024.325   6010.925  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    371   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    666.9   NA  Ovary    2377   NA  Testis    1718.8   NA  Male Accessory Gland    2306.9   3247.15  Carcass    1612.6 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000042 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4027-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for Act5C Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | larval stage Act5CG0010 Act5CG0025 Act5CG0079 Act5CG0117 Act5CG0177 Act5CG0245 Act5CG0330 Act5CG0420 Act5CG0486 lethal | larval stage | recessive Act5C2458 Act5C3267 Act5C3447 Act5C3627 lethal | recessive Act5CG0009 Act5CG0010 Act5CG0025 Act5CG0079 Act5CG0117 Act5CG0177 Act5CG0245 Act5CG0330 Act5CG0420 Act5CG0486 Act5CPG28 Act5CPG40 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL429BD Act5CGS1131 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL4c355 Act5CGS1131 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 Act5CGS1131 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev Act5CGS1131 viable Act5CEY11969 Act5CPBss viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Act5CGD1351 Sterility Allele fertile Act5CEY11969 Other Phenotypes Allele behavior defective | recessive Act5CBG01299 mitotic cell cycle defective, with Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.R.T:Avic\GFP visible, with Scer\GAL429BD Act5CGS1131 visible, with Scer\GAL4c355 Act5CGS1131 visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 Act5CGS1131 visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev Act5CGS1131 visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Act5CGD1351 Phenotype manifest in Allele anterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 Act5CGS1131 arista, with Scer\GAL429BD Act5CGS1131 border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6 Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP border follicle cell & filopodium Act5Cslbo.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev Act5CGS1131 germline cyst, with Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.R.T:Avic\GFP macrochaeta Act5CBG01299 mushroom body alpha'-lobe Act5CBG01299 mushroom body alpha-lobe Act5CBG01299 trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Act5CGD1351 trichome, with Scer\GAL4c355 Act5CGS1131
Classical Alleles ( 46 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Act5C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Act5CG0009 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0010 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0025 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0117 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0177 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0330 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CG0420 P-element activity 2 -- Act5CNP3121 2 -- Act5C5-HA-1759 1 -- Act5C5-SZ-3664 1 -- Act5C5-SZ-3675 1 -- Act5C5-SZ-3690 1 -- Act5CCB-0512-3 1 -- Act5CCB-0914-3 1 -- Act5CCB-6320-3 1 -- Act5CCB-6327-3 1 -- Act5CCB-6835-3 1 -- Act5Cd00221 P-element activity 1 -- Act5Cd11618 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CEY11969 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CG0079 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CG0245 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CG0486 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CGS5216 1 -- Act5CKG00898 P-element activity 1 -- Act5CNP1084 1 -- Act5CNP3105 1 -- Act5CNP5090 1 -- Act5C2458 Delta2-3 0 Yes Act5C3267 Delta2-3 0 Yes Act5C3447 Delta2-3 0 Yes Act5C3627 Delta2-3 0 Yes Act5C5-HA-2981 0 -- Act5CBG01299 P-element activity 0 Yes Act5Cd02673 P-element activity 0 -- Act5CEP1331 P-element activity 0 -- Act5CEP1440 P-element activity 0 -- Act5CEP1569 P-element activity 0 -- Act5CEP1604 P-element activity 0 Yes Act5CG0494 P-element activity 0 -- Act5CGS1131 Delta2-3 0 Yes Act5CNP4022 0 -- Act5CNP4103 0 -- Act5CPBss piggyBac transposase 0 Yes Act5CPG28 Delta2-3 0 -- Act5CPG40 Delta2-3 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 18 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Act5C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 5 Yes Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP-mRFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 3 Yes Act5CGD1351 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes Act5CScer\UAS.P\T.R.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 2 Yes Act5CKK109161 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Act5C+t10.5.ΔBgl in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes Act5C+t10.5 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Act5C+t9.4 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Act5CBam in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Act5CdsRNA.cRa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Act5CH264Q.cWa in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Act5CMtnA.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Act5CRI in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Act5CScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-S65T in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Act5CScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Act5CScer\UAS.T:Disc\RFP-mRFP 0 Yes Act5Cslbo.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Act5CtXX6.4 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)C149 (Sodja et al., 1982) Df(1)N73 (Sodja et al., 1982)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;3)DC146 (Popodi, 2010.10.8)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{ACA1B} No P{ACA2B} No P{ACB} No P{Act5C-tau-lacZ.W} No P{ActGFP} No P{act-lacZ.B} No P{act-lacZ.M} No P{ACUB} No P{ACXB} No P{SB479} No vital-reporter construct P{ActGFP} No UAS construct P{GD1351} NA P{KK109161} NA P{UAS-Act5C.T:GFP} NA P{UAS-mRFP-Act5C} NA P{UASp-Act5C.T:GFP} NA P{UASp-GFP.Act5C} NA characterization construct P{Act5C.H264Q.W} NA P{Act5C.t9.4} NA P{Act5C.t10.5.ΔBgl} NA P{Act5C.t10.5} NA P{Act5C.tXX6.4} NA P{Act5C-gypsy\env.C} NA P{bSOD.Rb} NA P{bSOD} NA P{btau-lacZ.Act5C} NA P{polβ} NA P{slbo-EGFP::Act5C} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}Act5CEP1331 NA P{EP}Act5CEP1440 NA P{EP}Act5CEP1569 NA P{EP}Act5CEP1604 NA P{EPgy2}Act5CEY11969 NA P{GSV1}Act5CGS1131 NA P{GSV2}Act5CGS5216 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}GG01156GG01156 NA P{XP}Act5Cd00221 NA P{XP}Act5Cd02673 NA P{XP}Act5Cd11618 NA miscellaneous insertions P{GT1}Act5CBG01299 NA P{RS3}Act5CCB-0512-3 NA P{RS3}Act5CCB-0914-3 NA P{RS3}Act5CCB-6320-3 NA P{RS3}Act5CCB-6327-3 NA P{RS3}Act5CCB-6835-3 NA P{RS5}Act5C5-HA-1759 NA P{RS5}Act5C5-HA-2981 NA P{RS5}Act5C5-SZ-3664 NA P{RS5}Act5C5-SZ-3675 NA P{RS5}Act5C5-SZ-3690 NA P{SUPor-P}Act5CKG00898 NA PBac{PBss}Act5CPBss NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}Act5CNP1084 No P{GawB}Act5CNP3105 No P{GawB}Act5CNP3121 No P{GawB}Act5CNP4022 No P{GawB}Act5CNP4103 No P{GawB}Act5CNP5090 No P{GawB}Act5CPG28 No P{GawB}Act5CPG40 No insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}Act5CG0009 No P{lacW}Act5CG0010 No P{lacW}Act5CG0025 No P{lacW}Act5CG0079 No P{lacW}Act5CG0117 No P{lacW}Act5CG0177 No P{lacW}Act5CG0245 No P{lacW}Act5CG0330 No P{lacW}Act5CG0420 No P{lacW}Act5CG0486 No P{lacW}Act5CG0494 No P{lacW}l(1)G0449G0449 No P{lArB}Act5C2458 No P{lArB}Act5C3267 No P{lArB}Act5C3447 No P{lArB}Act5C3627 No P{lArB}fs(1)M38-29B No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cytokinesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Echard et al., 2004, Eggert et al., 2004, Dean et al., 2005) inter-male aggressive behavior inferred from mutant phenotype (Edwards et al., 2009) maintenance of protein location in cell inferred from mutant phenotype (Dean et al., 2005) mushroom body development inferred from mutant phenotype (Edwards et al., 2009) phagocytosis, engulfment inferred from mutant phenotype (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006) sperm individualization inferred from expression pattern (Noguchi and Miller, 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Ino80 complex inferred from direct assay (Klymenko et al., 2006) lipid particle inferred from direct assay (Beller et al., 2006, Beller et al., 2006) microtubule associated complex inferred from direct assay (Hughes et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004001 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) structural constituent of cytoskeleton inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000, FlyBase, 1992-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cytoskeleton organization inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
actin filament inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1989.7.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Act5C allele Gene References Act5CEP1604 Rac1 (Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004) unspecified Myo10A (Liu et al., 2008) Nsf2 (Laviolette et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58020 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000042 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000042 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31521
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dere\GG18797 Dgri\GH24372 Dmoj\GI15312 Dper\GL14888 Dpse\GA17886 Dsec\GM12447 Dsim\GD16764 Dvir\GJ14747 Dwil\GK20124 Dyak\Act57B
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dbuz\Act5C (Laayouni et al., 2000) Dmau\Act5C   Dpse\GA17886   Drep\Act5C   Dsec\Act5C   Dsim\Act5C   Dvir\ActA1
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL011197-PB Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP000651-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_623381.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) NP_001119672.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g12110.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 9320 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 56687 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) XP_001898433.1 Brugia malayi (roundworm nematode) ENSBTAP00000008132 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0001571 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN30452 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP03604 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CBP05573 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE12358 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CE13148 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CE13150 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000023597 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0K12694g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) Chro.50056 Cryptosporidium hominis (obligate parasite) ENSCINP00000001535 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA14570 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMM237C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn01453 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) cgd5_3160 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) CPIJ009808 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000010883 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 24392 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP18260 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) RP38234 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) RP38795 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000014485 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 158679 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0185015 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185124 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185126 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185127 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0216213 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0216214 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220444 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220445 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220446 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220447 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220448 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220449 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220450 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220451 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220454 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220455 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220456 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220457 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2D05412g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 228751 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) 305550 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000054986 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000016124 Equus caballus (horse) XP_001913457 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_001913786 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_648054 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_648828 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_655156 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_655490 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_656738 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) ENSGACP00000010430 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000039176 Gallus gallus (chicken) GL50803_40817 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 96235 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000331514 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW024111-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0D05357g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) LmjF04.1230 Leishmania major (virus) 37852 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000001067 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000012328 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMMUP00000014596 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000031564 Mus musculus (house mouse) 188243 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001600911.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSOANP00000012082 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000011676 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) ENSORLP00000017151 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g50885.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 29599 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PFL2215w Plasmodium falciparum (protozoal parasite) PP07549 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 225906 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000009805 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 71581 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108986 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 561252 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) 576255 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000039339 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) PVX_101200 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) ENSRNOP00000051859 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 147193 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YFL039C Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_161920 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPBC32H8.12c Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_786585.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) TA15750 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_976070.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Tc00.1047053510571.30 Trypanosoma cruzi (parasitic trypanosome) ENSTNIP00000009801 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) TP02_0903 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 25772 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000013080 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3697.m00168 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 82114.m00023 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 83372.m00049 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 85323.m00059 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 85746.m00231 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 86088.m00449 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 86875.m00025 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 88601.m00501 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 90655.m00132 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 91931.m00037 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 97064.m00090 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000057558 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0D08272g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15021 PB15019 NV18317 NV17514 NV16613 LH12777 LH23517 ISCW024111 FBgn0243304 FBgn0241435 FBgn0236777 FBgn0229916 FBgn0068537 FBgn0225298 FBgn0223736 FBgn0222121 FBgn0215949 FBgn0213473 FBgn0205554 FBgn0201951 FBgn0016404 FBgn0016403 FBgn0016401 FBgn0190420 FBgn0188352 FBgn0183289 FBgn0182114 FBgn0178973 FBgn0171407 FBgn0170702 FBgn0167384 JGI_V11_228751 JGI_V11_300012 JGI_V11_306442 JGI_V11_305550 JGI_V11_190689 FBgn0248103 FBgn0246293 FBgn0245743 FBgn0080375 FBgn0077895 FBgn0074904 FBgn0155390 FBgn0154665 FBgn0152492 FBgn0147062 FBgn0145949 FBgn0142448 FBgn0142332 FBgn0138061 FBgn0000047 FBgn0000046 FBgn0000045 FBgn0000044 FBgn0000043 FBgn0131828 FBgn0129468 FBgn0127871 FBgn0126544 FBgn0126512 FBgn0114243 FBgn0111890 FBgn0111005 FBgn0109157 FBgn0103145 FBgn0095318 FBgn0094620 FBgn0090854 FBgn0089247 FBgn0087980 CPIJ016462 CPIJ012573 CPIJ009808 CPIJ005785 BGIBMGA013945 ACYPI009912 ACYPI006035 ACYPI000064 GB18527 GB18365 GB17681 GB12614 AGAP011514 AGAP005095 ACT5C_ANOGA AAEL011197 AAEL005961 AAEL004631 AAEL001673 PB20873 PHUM268330 GLEAN_06296 GLEAN_03944 GLEAN_03326
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 49 )
Bloomington	9257 w*; P{UASp-GFP.Act5C}3 9258 w*; P{UASp-GFP.Act5C}2-1 24777 P{UASp-Act5C.mRFP}13, w* 24778 w*; P{UASp-Act5C.mRFP}29 24779 w*; P{UASp-Act5C.mRFP}38 7309 P{UASp-Act5C.T:GFP}1, w1118 7311 w1118; P{UASp-Act5C.T:GFP}3
Harvard	- P{XP}Act5Cd00221 - P{XP}Act5Cd11618
VDRC	v101438 P{KK109161}VIE-260B v7139 w1118; P{GD1351}v7139 v7140 w1118; P{GD1351}v7140
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR07F15 BACR11C13 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 248 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	AT14584 GH04529 LD04994 LD18090 RE02927 RE12057 RE14441
Other clones	IP20033 LD47405 RE74637 RH70883 yak-em_Act57B
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT07362 AT11436 AT13352 AT19869 GH26870 GM02837 GM06103 GM06770 GM06772 GM07460 GM08448 GM12633 HL01358 HL05745 LD01246 LD02855 LD02981 LD03061 LD03073 LD04036 LD05507 LD08720 LD10249 LD12060 LD12146 LD12843 LD14452 LD14823 LD20931 LD21007 LD32369 LD47074 LP04507 LP09591 RE01017 RE01638 RE01973 RE02240 RE03209 RE06808 RE07892 RE10527 RE11379 RE11980 RE16237 RE16927 RE17557 RE17812 RE18038 RE55573 RE67367 RH01066 RH29505 RH32654 RH60863 SD03090 SD11316 SD12182 SD12460 SD13964 SD14145 SD15566 SD15623 SD15911 SD15928 SD16114
Other clones	12278 41822 51584 54012 70994 78275 103695 161017 175160 180370 214225.47 214371.64 214543.52 276831 280452 473526 522984 525047 542496 542497 557724 569076 AA433252 bs04b12 CK01.8A.F4 CK01.11B.E3 CK01.16C.E11 CK01.33D.E6 CK01.49C.G10 CK01.71B.D8 CK01.88C.C11 CK01.112A.D9 CK01.143B.G7 Dmel_dig_005455_0608_2394 Dmel_dig_006096_0650_1512 Dmel_dig_007427_0697_3345 Dmel_dig_011267_0582_2371 Dmel_dig_011892_0600_3493 Dmel_dig_012352_0671_3169 Dmel_dig_012489_0621_2339 Dmel_dig_013945_0714_0778 Dmel_dig_014932_0652_2713 Dmel_dig_016928_0658_1704 Dmel_dig_017220_0635_2255 Dmel_neb_005215_0823_2692 Dmel_neb_005732_0891_0319 Dmel_neb_006343_0418_3603 Dmel_neb_007391_0689_2354 Dmel_neb_008073_0690_1174 Dmel_neb_008354_0403_2946 Dmel_neb_008368_0134_3253 Dmel_neb_009346_0321_1875 Dmel_neb_010387_0583_0366 Dmel_neb_010843_0372_1575 Dmel_neb_011196_0147_3348 Dmel_neb_012504_0826_1637 Dmel_neb_012697_0196_1136 Dmel_neb_012706_0938_1611 Dmel_neb_012881_0688_2965 Dmel_neb_013032_0565_3156 Dmel_neb_013614_0939_1670 Dmel_neb_013652_0397_0847 Dmel_neb_014475_0366_2147 Dmel_neb_015486_0626_1720 Dmel_neb_015963_0819_3544 Dmel_neb_015966_0657_1460 EC14885 EC35542 EK013014 EK041257 EK112720 EK116328 EK123759 EK155045 EK159150 EK208626 EK285917 EK314601 EK314619 EK314833 EK314844 EK315070 EK315086 EK315138 EK315143 EK315380 EK315428 EK315450 EK315464 EK315509 EK315664 EK315737 EK316015 EK316024 EK316336 EK316358 EN06421 EP16020 EP18461 ESG011a.E7.4_C09 ESG011a.E21_C09 ESG012b.TE.2_F08 ESG013a.E21.1_C06 ESG013c.E21_B01 ESG015a.E21_E01 ESG015d.E21.1_E08 ESG017c.B21.1_D05 ESG017c.B21.1_E05 ESG0110c.E21_B03 ESG0111a.B21_B02 ESG0111a.B21.1_G11 ESG0114c.B21_F06 FGC005F09 FGC018A04 FGC027G11 FGH127C07 FGH127D05 FGH128C01 FGM101B08 FGM226C05 FGM233A02 FGM235D11 FGM303A09 FGM311G09 IP05840 RC0-DA0001-120700-022-F08 RC0-DA0001-120700-026-G12 RC0-DA0001-120700-028-B11 RC0-DA0001-120700-029-H10 RC0-DA0008-130700-013-H03 RC0-DP0010-150700-011-C04 RE01468 RP004007964 RP004057279 RP004090315 RP004096092 RP004109726 RP004150417 RP004162315 RP004168277 RP004180654 RP004204358 RP004207286 RP004211081 RP004215707 RP004222647 RP004223187 RP004225041 RP004234748 RP004237683 RP004243969 RP004246427 RP004252593 RP004259377 RP004262032 RP004263695 RP004265604 RP004265991 RP004354104 RP004378947 RP004394290 RP004397969 RP004398942 RP004430054 RP004449850 RP004457843 RP004471561 RP004497392 UUGC0269 UUGC0491
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000042 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31521
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: Act5C anon-EST:fe2D2 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: Act5C l(1)G0009 (Castelli-Gair Hombria, 2001.9.19) Source for merge of: Act5C l(1)G0079 l(1)G0330 l(1)G0025 l(1)G0117 l(1)G0420 l(1)G0010 l(1)G0177 l(1)G0245 l(1)G0486 (Peter et al., 2002)
Additional comments	The Act5C gene may be derived from the Act57B gene by retroposition. (Betran et al., 2002) "l(1)G0449" may affect "Act5C". (Peter et al., 2002)
Other Comments
	DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for Act5C protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069). (Filion et al., 2010) S2 cells treated with dsRNA generated against this gene show reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans compared to untreated cells. (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006) dsRNA directed against this gene causes defects in cytokinesis when tested in an RNAi screen in S2 cells. (Echard et al., 2004) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a binucleation phenotype with microtubule extensions when assayed in Kc167 cells. (Eggert et al., 2004) Act5C has a role in the individualisation during spermatogenesis. (Noguchi and Miller, 2003) Age related changes in Act5C expression have been studied by Northern analysis. (Labuhn and Brack, 1997) Ecdysteroid-regulated gene. (Andres et al., 1993) The level of Act5C RNA remains fairly constant throughout the D.melanogaster life span. (Calleja et al., 1993) Analysis of Act5C promoter activation shows that one cis-acting region in P\Tcore and two such regions in P\TKP and P\TKP' elements are associated with activation only when the 20bp sequence around the Zw transcription start site is placed in front of the Act5C promoter. In vitro transcription analysis of P\T sequences activating Zw-Act5C transcriptional gene reveals three distinct cis-acting regions, one in P\Tcore and two in the P\TKP and P\TKP' elements, that are required for overexpression. Putative transcriptional regulatory proteins, identified in gel retardation assays, bind to each of the cis-acting regions. (Ito et al., 1993) Nascent chain nuclear run-on assays in KC161 cells reveal different responses to heat shock for different genes. Transcription of His1 is severely inhibited under mild heat shocks, of Act5C decreases proportionally with increasing temperature while that of the core histone genes or the heat shock cognates is repressed only under extreme heat shock. Increased transcription of the heat shock genes is observed within 1-2 mins of heat shock and maximal rates were reached within 2-5 minutes. Rates of transcription vary over a 20-fold range. (Vazquez et al., 1993) Act5C promoter driven expression is just as efficient in D.melanogaster embryos and in L.cuprina embryos. (Atkinson and O'Brochta, 1992) Sequence analysis demonstrates insect muscle actins form a distinct family of closely related proteins significantly diverged from cytoplasmic actins. (Mounier et al., 1992) Translation of actin RNA in early embryos injected with initiation factors has been studied. (Hongo and Jacobs-Lorena, 1991) Nuclear extracts prepared from developmentally staged embryos were transcriptionally active for several non-muscle genes: Tm2 non-muscle promoter, Act5C, ftz, Adh and en. (Lichter and Storti, 1991) Detailed analysis of the proximal promoter and the elements required for its function. (Chung and Keller, 1990) The expression of HIS-C genes during oogenesis has been studied, and compared to periods of DNA synthesis and actin expression during this developmental stage. (Ruddell and Jacobs-Lorena, 1985) Codes for cytoplasmic actin; transcribed throughout development; one of two actin genes transcribed in Kc cells and several other cell lines (FBrf0038990). One of three actin genes expressed in the wing disc during wing development, each with its characteristic profile. Peak expression at 44h of pupal age, little or no expression at 60h rising again at 80h. 44h peak corresponds to time of maximum change in cell shape (FBrf0042391). Transcripts present in the preblastoderm embryo suggesting maternal transcription; during blastoderm formation, Act5C transcripts accumulate at the periphery of the embryo; local concentrations of transcript observed in anterior and posterior midgut rudiments in stage 13 embryos; hybridization also observed in the developing ventral nervous system. Later in embryogenesis, transcript found in all tissues but with dramatic concentrations of transcripts in the anterior and posterior midgut and the proventriculus. Exon specific probes demonstrate that transcripts containing exon 1 tend to be concentrated in anterior portions of early embryos, including the anterior midgut primordium and the proventriculus, as well as in the posterior midgut primordium; during germ-band extension, small local concentrations of exon 2 transcripts are seen in posterior and ventral regions of the embryo (FBrf0049492). A ecdysone regulated gene (FBrf0064343). The Act5C distal promoter is often used in constructs to give 'constitutive' expression of a sequence under its control.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078497 NM_167053 NM_001014725 NM_001014726 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_511052 NP_727048 NP_001014725 NP_001014726 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA202624 AA433252 AAA28315 AAA28316 AAF46098 AAF46098.1 AAL90300 AAN09154 AAN09154.1 AAX52479 AAX52480 AI944685 AJ426695 AJ426697 AJ426698 AJ426699 AJ426701 AJ426702 AJ426703 AJ426704 AJ426705 AQ025532 AQ073196 AQ073217 AQ073218 AQ074128 AQ254778 AY089562 BH614929 BI163508 CAA29681 CAA30474 CAB61444 CL868538 CZ471464 CZ472939 CZ477830 K00667 K01489 M13480 M13586 M13587 M20377 M20378 M32055 X06382 X06383 X06384 X07627 X15730 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31521 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P10987
Other Crossreferences
	EPD - Eukarytoic Promoter Database, an annotated collection of POL II promoters • 23020 23021 InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Actin/actin-like conserved site (IPR020902) Actin-like (IPR004000) Actin, conserved site (IPR004001) PDB - Protein Data Bank. An information portal to biological macromolecular structures • 1N58
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58020 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000042 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000042 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000042 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000042 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4027-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000042 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31521 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL011197-PB Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP000651-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_623381.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) NP_001119672.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g12110.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 9320 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 56687 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) XP_001898433.1 Brugia malayi (roundworm nematode) ENSBTAP00000008132 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0001571 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN30452 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP03604 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CBP05573 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE12358 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CE13148 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CE13150 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000023597 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0K12694g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) Chro.50056 Cryptosporidium hominis (obligate parasite) ENSCINP00000001535 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA14570 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMM237C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn01453 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) cgd5_3160 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) CPIJ009808 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000010883 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 24392 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP18260 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) RP38234 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) RP38795 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000014485 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 158679 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0185015 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185124 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185126 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0185127 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0216213 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0216214 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220444 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220445 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220446 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220447 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220448 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220449 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220450 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220451 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220454 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220455 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220456 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DDB0220457 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2D05412g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 228751 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) 305550 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000054986 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000016124 Equus caballus (horse) XP_001913457 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_001913786 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_648054 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_648828 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_655156 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_655490 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) XP_656738 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) ENSGACP00000010430 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000039176 Gallus gallus (chicken) GL50803_40817 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 96235 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000331514 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW024111-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0D05357g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) LmjF04.1230 Leishmania major (virus) 37852 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000001067 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000012328 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMMUP00000014596 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000031564 Mus musculus (house mouse) 188243 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001600911.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSOANP00000012082 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000011676 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) ENSORLP00000017151 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g50885.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 29599 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PFL2215w Plasmodium falciparum (protozoal parasite) PP07549 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 225906 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000009805 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 71581 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108986 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 561252 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) 576255 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000039339 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) PVX_101200 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) ENSRNOP00000051859 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 147193 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YFL039C Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_161920 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPBC32H8.12c Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_786585.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) TA15750 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_976070.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Tc00.1047053510571.30 Trypanosoma cruzi (parasitic trypanosome) ENSTNIP00000009801 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) TP02_0903 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 25772 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000013080 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3697.m00168 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 82114.m00023 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 83372.m00049 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 85323.m00059 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 85746.m00231 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 86088.m00449 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 86875.m00025 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 88601.m00501 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 90655.m00132 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 91931.m00037 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) 97064.m00090 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000057558 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0D08272g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31521 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000042 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15021 PB15019 NV18317 NV17514 NV16613 LH12777 LH23517 ISCW024111 FBgn0243304 FBgn0241435 FBgn0236777 FBgn0229916 FBgn0068537 FBgn0225298 FBgn0223736 FBgn0222121 FBgn0215949 FBgn0213473 FBgn0205554 FBgn0201951 FBgn0016404 FBgn0016403 FBgn0016401 FBgn0190420 FBgn0188352 FBgn0183289 FBgn0182114 FBgn0178973 FBgn0171407 FBgn0170702 FBgn0167384 JGI_V11_228751 JGI_V11_300012 JGI_V11_306442 JGI_V11_305550 JGI_V11_190689 FBgn0248103 FBgn0246293 FBgn0245743 FBgn0080375 FBgn0077895 FBgn0074904 FBgn0155390 FBgn0154665 FBgn0152492 FBgn0147062 FBgn0145949 FBgn0142448 FBgn0142332 FBgn0138061 FBgn0000047 FBgn0000046 FBgn0000045 FBgn0000044 FBgn0000043 FBgn0131828 FBgn0129468 FBgn0127871 FBgn0126544 FBgn0126512 FBgn0114243 FBgn0111890 FBgn0111005 FBgn0109157 FBgn0103145 FBgn0095318 FBgn0094620 FBgn0090854 FBgn0089247 FBgn0087980 CPIJ016462 CPIJ012573 CPIJ009808 CPIJ005785 BGIBMGA013945 ACYPI009912 ACYPI006035 ACYPI000064 GB18527 GB18365 GB17681 GB12614 AGAP011514 AGAP005095 ACT5C_ANOGA AAEL011197 AAEL005961 AAEL004631 AAEL001673 PB20873 PHUM268330 GLEAN_06296 GLEAN_03944 GLEAN_03326 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0000042
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 43 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	A (Bondinas et al., 2002, Bondinas et al., 2001, Courgeon et al., 1993) Ac5C (Abrahamsen et al., 1993) Act (Wei et al., 2005, Klymenko et al., 2006) act (Bottenberg et al., 2009) Act5 (Park et al., 2010) act5C (Rao, 1999.11.17, He and Haymer, 1995, Atkinson and O'Brochta, 1992, Thummel et al., 1988, Sanchez-Elsner et al., 2006, Lu et al., 2009) act 5C (Labuhn and Brack, 1997) Act5C (Beller et al., 2006, Delanoue and Davis, 2005, Mikhaylova et al., 2006, Laviolette et al., 2005, Jiang and Crews, 2006, Ni et al., 2006, Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006, Stuart et al., 2007, Montana and Littleton, 2006, Clark et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Peyre et al., 2006, Blanco et al., 2010, Ninov et al., 2007, Grieder et al., 2007, Walser et al., 2006, Dorus et al., 2006, Bai et al., 2008, Yang et al., 2008, Fulga et al., 2007, Tanaka et al., 2009, Hessle et al., 2009, Muse et al., 2007, Dorus et al., 2006, Hanai et al., 2008, Monier et al., 2010, Popodi, 2010.10.8, Pauli et al., 2010, Repiso et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Cherbas et al., 2011, Chan et al., 2011, Saulière et al., 2010, Jin et al., 2011, Adamson et al., 2011) Act5c (Robida et al., 2007, Linder et al., 2008, Bandyopadhyay et al., 2006) Act-5C (Emberly et al., 2008) ACT5C (Filion et al., 2010) Actin (Foley and O'Farrell, 2004, Balasubramanian et al., 2004, Eberharter and Becker, 2004, Niwa et al., 2004, Quinn et al., 2001, Saurin et al., 2001, Sisson et al., 2000, Zhang et al., 2000, Jones, 1999, Cooley, 1998, Adams et al., 1998, Hongo and Jacobs-Lorena, 1991, Stowe and Davis, 1990) actin (Xia and Karin, 2004, Kwon and Scholey, 2004, Strickland and Burgess, 2004, Delmas et al., 2004, Miller, 2003, Rorth, 2002, Muller and Littlewood-Evans, 2001, Adams et al., 2000, Jacinto and Baum, 2003, Merino et al., 2002, Baum, 2002, Beall et al., 2002, Hudson and Cooley, 2002, Biggin, 2001, Swank et al., 2001, Collier et al., 2000, Wasser and Chia, 2000, Afshar et al., 2000, Justice et al., 1999, Ray et al., 1999, Alexandre et al., 1999, Prokopenko et al., 1999, Noselli and Agnes, 1999, Guild et al., 1998, Mannervik, 1999, Tilney et al., 1998, Brault et al., 1999, Bonaccorsi et al., 1998, Brennan et al., 1998, Guarnieri et al., 1998, Roulier et al., 1998, Bahri et al., 1997, Tilney et al., 1995, Cherbas and Cherbas, 1993, Bearer, 1991, Ruddell and Jacobs-Lorena, 1985, Padash Barmchi et al., 2005, Kurshakova et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2009) Actin5C (Boehm et al., 2003, Moshkin et al., 2009) actin5C (Wang and Riechmann, 2008, Beisel et al., 2007) Actin/BAP47 (Mohrmann et al., 2004) anon-EST:fe2D2   BAP47 (Aalfs and Kingston, 2000, Kal et al., 2000, Collins et al., 1999, Kingston and Narlikar, 1999, Wade and Wolffe, 1999, Papoulas et al., 1998) Bap47 (Sudarsanam and Winston, 2000) CG4027 (Nakahara et al., 2005, Vierstraete et al., 2004, Norga et al., 2003, Vierstraete et al., 2003, Ramet et al., 2002, Bourbon et al., 2002, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000, Beller et al., 2006, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Grieder et al., 2007, Liu et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Verleyen et al., 2006, Hughes et al., 2008, Spain et al., 2010, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Cammarato et al., 2011) cyt5C (White and Crother, 1999) l(1)G0009 (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29, ) l(1)G0010 (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.2, ) l(1)G0025 (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0079 (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29, Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0117 (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29, Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0177 (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0245 (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0330 (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0420 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0486 (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.2, ) M32055 (Harr et al., 1998) T11 (Vierstraete et al., 2004) β-actin (Kumar et al., 2007) β-actin/Bap47 (Neely and Workman, 2002)
Name Synonym	5C actin (Tobin, 1987.12.8, Haymer et al., 1990, Bookwalter and Trybus, 2006, Rould et al., 2006, Joel et al., 2004) actin (Bosch et al., 2005, McCaffrey et al., 2006, Costantino et al., 2007, Lo, 2006, McCartney et al., 2006, Huelsmann et al., 2006, Laplante and Nilson, 2006, Carneiro et al., 2006, McEwen and Peifer, 2005, Matusek et al., 2006, Wei et al., 2005, Harris and Peifer, 2004, LaLonde et al., 2006, Medina et al., 2006, Brodu and Casanova, 2006, Cela and Llimargas, 2006, Oshima et al., 2006, LaLonde et al., 2005, Beronja et al., 2005, Mirkovic and Mlodzik, 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Zeitler et al., 2004, Mirouse et al., 2007, Lecuit et al., 2007, Anderson et al., 2006, Kracklauer et al., 2007, Caussinus and Gonzalez, 2005, Sanchez-Soriano and Prokop, 2005, Wood et al., 2006, Fei et al., 2002, Sordella and Van, 2006, Shimada et al., 2006, Gao et al., 2008, Baehrecke, 2003, Weil et al., 2006, Dean et al., 2005, Rusan and Peifer, 2007, Bai et al., 2007, Emberly et al., 2008, Fulga et al., 2007, Jovceva et al., 2007, Leiss et al., 2009, Cabernard and Affolter, 2005, Alves-Silva et al., 2008, Edenfeld et al., 2007, Lee et al., 2009, Homem and Peifer, 2008, Jiang et al., 2007, Vilmos et al., 2009, Gates et al., 2009, Medina et al., 2008, Bottenberg et al., 2009, Wang et al., 2010, Kazgan et al., 2010, Kuzina et al., 2011) Actin (Mulinari et al., 2007, Koppen et al., 2006, Murray et al., 2006, Zelhof et al., 2006, Wei et al., 2005, LaLonde et al., 2006, Griemert et al., 2007, Simoes et al., 2006, Coutelis and Ephrussi, 2007, Zhai et al., 2006, He et al., 2005, Caussinus et al., 2008, Gorfinkiel and Arias, 2007, Jaiswal et al., 2006, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Ducka et al., 2010) actin 5C (Chung, 1990.6.15, Liang and Biggin, 1998, Rogers et al., 2003, Poels et al., 2004, Cherbas et al., 2011) Actin 5C (D'Avino et al., 2008, Ida et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Carpenter et al., 2009, Edwards et al., 2009, Park et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Cammarato et al., 2011) Actin5C (Beller et al., 2006, Ezzeddine et al., 2011, Verleyen et al., 2006, Hernandez et al., 2004, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2007, Pataki et al., 2010) actin5C (Liu et al., 2008, Wang and Riechmann, 2008, Mastushita-Sakai et al., 2010, Desai et al., 2009, Mathur et al., 2010) actin A1 (Vieira et al., 1997) anon-fast-evolving-2D2   cellular cytoskeletal β-actin (Kumar et al., 2007) F-actin (Sasaki et al., 2007, Cavey et al., 2008, Jovceva et al., 2007) G-actin (Jovceva et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0025223 FBgn0026673 FBgn0026683 FBgn0026712 FBgn0027215 FBgn0027255 FBgn0027284 FBgn0027327 FBgn0028278 FBgn0040144 FBgn0040204
References ( 435 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 435 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 337 ) Supplementary material  ( 18 ) Review  ( 41 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 10 ) Abstract  ( 14 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 28 )
	Adamson et al., 2011, Genetics 189(2): 495--506 A Drosophila model for genetic analysis of influenza viral/host interactions. [FBrf0216397] Chan et al., 2011, Genetics 188(1): 33--44 Insect Population Control by Homing Endonuclease-Based Gene Drive: An Evaluation in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213627] Cherbas et al., 2011, Genome Res. 21(2): 301--314 The transcriptional diversity of 25 Drosophila cell lines. [FBrf0213077] Clark et al., 2011, Development 138(13): 2705--2715 Fibroblast growth factor signalling controls successive cell behaviours during mesoderm layer formation in Drosophila. [FBrf0213889] Ezzeddine et al., 2011, Mol. Cell. Biol. 31(2): 328--341 A Subset of Drosophila Integrator Proteins Is Essential for Efficient U7 snRNA and Spliceosomal snRNA 3'-End Formation. [FBrf0212592] Hijazi et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(3): e17763 The ly6 protein coiled is required for septate junction and blood brain barrier organisation in Drosophila. [FBrf0213269] Jin et al., 2011, Dev. Cell 20(5): 623--638 Competition between Blown Fuse and WASP for WIP Binding Regulates the Dynamics of WASP-Dependent Actin Polymerization In Vivo. [FBrf0213682] Koppen et al., 2011, Proteomics 11(22): 4397--4410 Proteomics analyses of microvesicles released by Drosophila Kc167 and S2 cells. [FBrf0216610] Kuzina et al., 2011, Development 138(9): 1839--1849 How Notch establishes longitudinal axon connections between successive segments of the Drosophila CNS. [FBrf0213493] Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, PLoS ONE 6(3): e17762 Robust RT-qPCR Data Normalization: Validation and Selection of Internal Reference Genes during Post-Experimental Data Analysis. [FBrf0213272] Meyer et al., 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(6): 485--491 Interkinetic nuclear migration is a broadly conserved feature of cell division in pseudostratified epithelia. [FBrf0213254] Blanco et al., 2010, BMC Dev. Biol. 10: 94 Gene expression following induction of regeneration in Drosophila wing imaginal discs. Expression profile of regenerating wing discs. [FBrf0211812] Ducka et al., 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(26): 11757--11762 Structures of actin-bound Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein homology 2 (WH2) domains of Spire and the implication for filament nucleation. [FBrf0215010] Filion et al., 2010, Cell 143(2): 212--224 Systematic protein location mapping reveals five principal chromatin types in Drosophila cells. [FBrf0212051] He et al., 2010, Nat. Cell Biol. 12(12): 1133--1142 Tissue elongation requires oscillating contractions of a basal actomyosin network. [FBrf0212453] Kazgan et al., 2010, Mol. Biol. Cell 21(19): 3433--3442 Identification of a nuclear export signal in the catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase. [FBrf0211940] Mastushita-Sakai et al., 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(26): 11987--11992 Drosophila Orb2 targets genes involved in neuronal growth, synapse formation, and protein turnover. [FBrf0211209] Mathur et al., 2010, Science 327(5962): 210--213 A transient niche regulates the specification of Drosophila intestinal stem cells. [FBrf0209706] Monier et al., 2010, Nat. Cell Biol. 12(1): 60--65 An actomyosin-based barrier inhibits cell mixing at compartmental boundaries in Drosophila embryos. [FBrf0209576] Ninov et al., 2010, Curr. Biol. 20(6): 513--520 Dpp signaling directs cell motility and invasiveness during epithelial morphogenesis. [FBrf0210385] Park et al., 2010, Biochim. biophys. Acta 1799(7): 510--519 Regulation of the Drosophila p38b gene by transcription factor DREF in the adult midgut. [FBrf0211129] Pataki et al., 2010, Genetics 184(4): 1051--1065 Drosophila Rab23 is involved in the regulation of the number and planar polarization of the adult cuticular hairs. [FBrf0210720] Pauli et al., 2010, Curr. Biol. 20(20): 1787--1798 A direct role for cohesin in gene regulation and ecdysone response in Drosophila salivary glands. [FBrf0212124] Repiso et al., 2010, Development 137(20): 3411--3415 Planar cell polarity: the orientation of larval denticles in Drosophila appears to depend on gradients of Dachsous and Fat. [FBrf0211889] Saulière et al., 2010, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17(10): 1269--1271 The exon junction complex differentially marks spliced junctions. [FBrf0212018] Spain et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem. 285(35): 27457--27467 Drosophila SIN3 isoforms interact with distinct proteins and have unique biological functions. [FBrf0211588] Wang et al., 2010, Dev. Cell 18(1): 157--164 Spatial Restriction of FGF Signaling by a Matrix Metalloprotease Controls Branching Morphogenesis. [FBrf0209956] Wasbrough et al., 2010, J. Proteomics 73(11): 2171--2185 The Drosophila melanogaster sperm proteome-II (DmSP-II). [FBrf0211978] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...