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Gene Dmel\B

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\B	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Bar	Annotation symbol
Feature type	gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000154
Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)		Recombination map	1-57.0
Cytogenetic map	16A1-16A1	Sequence location
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Bar is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol B (FBgn0000154). It has the cytological map location 16A1. It has not been localized to the genome sequence. Its molecular function is unknown. It is involved in the biological processes: leg disc development; leg segmentation; bristle morphogenesis. 71 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 14 unique terms, many of which group under: adult segment; adult; appendage segment; thoracic segment; nervous system; peripheral nervous system; organ system; metatarsus; anatomical structure; morphogenetic furrow; adult brain. It has no annotated transcripts.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	B: Bar B: Bar Left: heterozygous female. Right: hemizygous male. From Sturtevant and Beadle, 1939. An Introduction to Genetics, Saunders, p. 24. Eye restricted to narrow vertical bar of about 90 facets in the male and 70 facets in the female, as contrasted with normal numbers of about 740 for males and 780 for females [Sturtevant, 1925, Genetics 10: 117-47 (fig.)]. Homozygous female fully viable. B/+ female has about 360 facets and shows indentation terminating in horizontal fissure on anterior margin of eye, producing a kidney-shaped eye. B/B and B/+ completely separable from wild type; in some genetic backgrounds, B/B overlaps B/+ slightly. Classifiable in single dose in triploids by slight anterior nick in eye (Schultz, 1934, DIS 1: 55); is useful in the recognition of triploids. Variegated position effect derivatives of BS(BSVY) exhibit nonmutant phenotypes in XY males but narrow eyes in XYY males; other enhancers of variegation, M(2)S10 and E(var)7, also shift phenotype toward normal (Brosseau, 1960, Genetics 45: 979). Eyes of female heterozygous for a deficiency for B and a normal X are normal (Sutton, 1943, Genetics 28: 97-107). Log of facet number inversely proportional to temperature of development (Hersh, 1930, J. Exp. Zool. 57: 283-306). Nonautonomous over short distances (Sturtevant, 1932, Proc. Intern. Congr. Genet., 6th, Vol. 1: 304-7). Facet development enhanced in organ culture by addition of wild type cephalic complexes [Kuroda and Yamaguchi, 1956, Jpn. J. Genet. 31: 97-102 (fig.)]. Disc size reduced; morphogenetic furrow absent; deep cleft at anterior margin of preommatidial cell clusters. Only four to five rows of clusters. Those at cleft edge look mature (Renfranz and Benzer, 1989, Dev. Biol. 136: 411-29). Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc [D. Fristrom, 1969, Mol. Gen. Genet. 103: 363-79; 1972, Mol. Gen. Genet. 115: 10-18; Michinomae and Kaji, 1973, Jpn. J. Genet. 49: 353-71 (fig.); Michinomae, 1974, Jpn. J. Genet. 49: 353-71; 1976, Jpn. J. Genet. 51: 315-26 (fig.)]; high acid phosphatase levels characteristic of liposomal activity seen at same time (Michinomae, 1974, 1976). Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity, and cell death inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide (Kaji, 1954, Annot. Zool. Jpn. 27: 194-200; Fristrom, 1972; Michinomae and Kaji, 1973; Michinomae, 1974, 1976). Double amides more effective than single (DeMarinis and Sheibley, 1968, DIS 43: 138). Facet development responds strongly to environmental factors around 60 hr after oviposition (Luce, Quastler, and Chase, 1951, Genetics 36: 488-99). Pigmented but nonfaceted part of eye shows retinulae and dioptic apparatus lacking, but rudimentary ommatidia present, consisting of hypertrophied accessory cells (Wolsky and Huxley, 1936, Proc. Zool. Soc. London 485-89). Introduction of B into a strain of flies characterized by jumping in response to a sudden decrease in light intensity nearly eliminates response; response rescued by increasing facet number BB: Bar + Bar Eye more reduced than in B. Facet numbers are 25, 29, and 45 in BB/BB female, BB male, and BB/+ female, respectively. Median ocellus lacking or strongly reduced (Lefevre, 1941, DIS 14: 40). Optic disc reduced (Power, 1942, Genetics 27: 161); deep cleft anteriorly; cell clusters at cleft look mature (Renfranz and Benzer, 1989, Dev. Biol. 136: 411-29). RK1A.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 16A1-16A1   Left limit from complementation mapping against Tp(1;1)B263-48 (FBrf0005979) Right limit from complementation mapping against Tp(1;1)B263-48 (FBrf0005979)
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 16A1-16A2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Tsubota et al., 1989)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-57.0
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa)
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to
Does NOT map to
Identified with	D1297 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000154
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable B1 B263-28 B263-43 B263-46 B263-47 B263-48 B263-49 B263-51 B36b B36d B36j B3 B48g B4 B58l B68f BBB BM1 BM2 BR BS3i BS BSR Bi40b Bi67b Bi67f Bi Bpar Brev-1 Brev-2 Brev-3 Brv601 viable | male B68f lethal | recessive B263-24 B263-34 B263-38 B263-43 B263-46 B263-5 Other Phenotypes Allele wild-type B1-R1 B1-R2 B1-R3 B1-R4 B1-R5 B1-R6 B1-R7 B263-14 B263-24 B263-34 B263-38 B263-43 B263-46 B263-51 B263-5 B3-R1 B3-R2 B3-R3 B3-R4 B3-R5 B3-R6 B3-R7 B3-R8 BBasc-R1 BBasc-R2 BBasc-R3 BBasc-R4 BBasc-R5 BBasc-R6 BBasc-R7 BBasc-R8 BSR Brev-1 Brev-2 Brev-3 visible B1 B263-28 B263-47 B263-48 B263-49 BM1 BM2 Bi40b Bpar Bunspecified visible | recessive BM2 Brv601 visible | recessive | conditional - cold sensitive B263-48 visible | dominant B1 B263-28 B263-47 B263-48 B263-49 B36b B36d B36j B3 B48g B4 B58l B68f BBB BM1 BM2 BR BS3i BS Bi40b Bi67b Bi67f Bi Bpar Brv601 Bunspecified neuroanatomy defective BBB Sterility Allele fertile Brv601 male fertile | poor B36b female fertile B263-48 female fertile | poor B36b Phenotype manifest in Allele eye B1 B263-28 B263-47 B263-48 B263-49 B3 B36b B36d B36j B4 B48g B58l B68f BBB BM1 BM2 BR BS BS3i Bi Bi40b Bi67b Bi67f Bpar Brv601 Bunspecified ommatidium B1 Bunspecified wing | conditional - cold sensitive B263-48 macrochaeta B263-48 optic lobe BBB medial ocellus BBB tarsal segment 4 BM2 tarsal segment 5 BM2 eye | anterior BM2 tarsal segment 3 BM2 tarsal segment 4, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544 BScer\UAS.cKa unguis, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 BScer\UAS.cKa femur, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 BScer\UAS.cKa tibia, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 BScer\UAS.cKa tarsal segment 1, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 BScer\UAS.cKa morphogenetic furrow Bunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 70 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of B Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion B+ 24 -- B1-R1 recombination 0 Yes B1-R2 recombination 0 Yes B1-R3 recombination 0 Yes B1-R4 recombination 0 Yes B1-R5 recombination 0 Yes B1-R6 recombination 0 Yes B1-R7 recombination 0 Yes B1-R8 recombination 0 Yes B1 spontaneous 119 Yes B263-14 X ray 0 -- B263-24 X ray 0 -- B263-28 X ray 0 -- B263-34 X ray 0 -- B263-38 X ray 0 -- B263-43 X ray 0 -- B263-46 X ray 0 -- B263-47 X ray 0 -- B263-48 X ray 0 -- B263-49 X ray 0 -- B263-51 X ray 0 -- B263-5 X ray 0 -- B2 0 -- B3-R1 recombination 0 Yes B3-R2 recombination 0 Yes B3-R3 recombination 0 Yes B3-R4 recombination 0 Yes B3-R5 recombination 0 Yes B3-R6 recombination 0 Yes B3-R7 recombination 0 Yes B3-R8 recombination 0 Yes B36b spontaneous 3 -- B36d spontaneous 2 -- B36j spontaneous 0 -- B3 spontaneous 1 Yes B48g X ray 0 -- B4 spontaneous 0 -- B58l X ray 0 -- B68f X ray 0 -- BBB spontaneous unequal recombination 3 -- BBasc-R1 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R2 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R3 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R4 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R5 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R6 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R7 recombination 0 Yes BBasc-R8 recombination 0 Yes BBasc 0 Yes BDG X ray 0 -- BM1 X ray 12 -- BM2 X ray 3 Yes BMR2 0 -- BMR3 0 -- BR X ray 0 -- BS3i neutrons 0 -- BS X ray 206 -- BSR spontaneous 0 -- BSV 0 -- Bi40b spontaneous 0 -- Bi67b spontaneous 0 -- Bi67f spontaneous 0 -- Bi spontaneous 4 -- Bl 0 -- Bpar X ray 0 -- Brev-1 X ray 0 -- Brev-2 X ray 0 -- Brev-3 X ray 0 -- Brv601 X ray 0 -- Bunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 1 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of B Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion BScer\UAS.cKa in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 --
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(1)B25   Df(1)BK10
Useful duplication	Dp(1;Y)W73
Duplicated in	Dp(1;1)138   Dp(1;1)B263-48 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)IMNB-8   Dp(1;1)MNB-8   Dp(1;1)NB-8   Dp(1;1)NBB-8   Dp(1;1;1)BB   Dp(1;3)126   Dp(1;3)f+71b (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;4)r+l (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;4)rK20 (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;Y)BS (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) Dp(1;Y)W73 (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;Ybb-)BS (Endow, 1982) Tp(3;Y)L131-D3   Ts(1Rt;4Rt)BS
Disrupted in	Df(1)B (Higashijima et al., 1992, Higashijima et al., 1992, Sutton, 1943, McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)B263-48 (Sutton, 1943) Df(1)B263-43 (Sutton, 1943) Df(1)B263-46 (Sutton, 1943) Df(1)BK10 (McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)BK28 (McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)BK8 (McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)f257-6 (Sutton, 1943) Df(1)f257-9 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)B (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)B263-7 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)B263-28 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)Bpar (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1)Brev-1 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1;1)B263-34 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1;1)B263-38 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1;1)B263-49 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1;1)B263-51 (Sutton, 1943) Dp(1;1;1)Bi40b (Sutton, 1943) In(1)601 (Brosseau, 1967) In(1)B263-24 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)B263-47 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)B263-5 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)BM1 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)BM2 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)Brv2 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)Brv3 (Sutton, 1943) In(1)N66h26 (Welshons, 1974) T(1;4)B68f (Brosseau, 1969)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)BK16 (McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)BK17 (McKim et al., 1996) Df(1)BK18 (McKim et al., 1996) In(1)815-6 (McKim et al., 1996) In(YLS)A33 (Hazelrigg et al., 1982) T(Y;2)B3 (Hazelrigg et al., 1982) T(Y;3)A34 (Hazelrigg et al., 1982) Ts(YLt;3Rt)A34 (Hazelrigg et al., 1982)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;4)fK24 (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;4)fK27 (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;4)fK4 (McKim et al., 1996) Dp(1;4)fK7 (McKim et al., 1996)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{B-lacZ.ta5} No UAS construct P{UAS-B.K} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data Eye restricted to narrow vertical bar of about 90 facets in the male and 70 facets in the female, as contrasted with normal numbers of about 740 for males and 780 for females. (Sturtevant, 1925) Log of facet number inversely proportional to temperature of development. (Hersh, 1930) Classifiable in single dose in triploids by slight anterior nick in eye; is useful in the recognition of triploids. (Schultz, 1934) Pigmented but nonfaceted part of eye shows retinulae and dioptic apparatus lacking, but rudimentary ommatidia present, consisting of hypertrophied accessory cells. (Wolsky and Huxley, 1936) Eyes of female heterozygous for a deficiency for B and a normal X are normal. (Sutton, 1943) Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in mutants are inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide. (Kaji, 1954) Facet development of mutants enhanced in organ culture by addition of wild type cephalic complexes. (Kuroda and Yamaguchi, 1956) Enhancers of variegation Df(2R)M41A10 and E(var)7 shift the B mutant phenotype toward normal. (Brosseau, 1960) Double amides are more effective than single at inhibiting reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in B mutants. (de Marinis and Sheibley, 1968) Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc. (Fristrom, 1969) Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc. Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in mutants are inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide. (Fristrom, 1972) Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc. Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in mutants are inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide. (Michinomae and Kaji, 1973) Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc. High acid phosphatase levels characteristic of liposomal activity seen at same time as cell death in eye disc. Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in mutants are inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide. (Michinomae, 1974) Cell death observed in anterior presumptive ommatidium-forming region of eye disc. High acid phosphatase levels characteristic of liposomal activity seen at same time as cell death in eye disc. Reduction in facet number, increase in acid phosphatase activity and cell death in mutants are inhibited in larvae grown on medium supplemented with acetamide or lactamide. (Michinomae, 1976) Introduction of B1 into a strain of flies characterized by jumping in response to a sudden decrease in light intensity nearly eliminates response; response rescued by increasing facet number through lactamide feeding during larval development. (Nakashima-Tanaka and Matsubara, 1980) Adult eye is small, narrow with about 150 facets. Ommatidia are usually normal. Eye disc size is reduced, due to precursor cell defects. (Renfranz and Benzer, 1989) The Om(1D) gene of D.ananassae may be homologous to the Bar gene of D.melanogaster. (Tanda and Corces, 1991) The B duplication breakpoint 16A7/16A1 and the roo-element are lost in the generation of wild type revertants of B1, BBasc and B3: the roo element is not involved in the generation of revertants. (Tsubota, 1991) Position effect variegation dominantly suppressed by an allele of mod. (Garzino et al., 1992) This study raises the possibilty that B-H1, not B, is the Bar gene and that more than one gene may be involved in Bar position effects. (Norris et al., 1992) The progression of the morphogenetic furrow in the developing eye disc arrests in a B mutant. The eye disc appears normal at the time of arrest. dpp expression is abolished (as assayed with a dpp-lacZ fusion gene). (Heberlein et al., 1993) Homozygous female fully viable. B1/+ female has about 360 facets and shows indentation terminating in horizontal fissure on anterior margin of eye, producing a kidney-shaped eye. B1/B1 and B1/+ completely separable from wild type; in some genetic backgrounds, B1/B1 overlaps B1/+ slightly. Variegated position effect derivatives of Dp(1;Y)BS (Dp(1;Y)BSCV) exhibit nonmutant phenotypes in XY males but narrow eyes in XYY males. Disc size reduced; morphogenetic furrow absent. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) lz controls svp and B expression in the developing eye disc, helping to define the fate of cells that arise from the second wave of mitotic division (R1/R6, R7 and cone cells). (Daga et al., 1996)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 3 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
bristle morphogenesis non-traceable author statement (Calleja et al., 2002)
leg disc development inferred from mutant phenotype (Pueyo and Couso, 2004)
leg segmentation inferred from mutant phenotype (Pueyo and Couso, 2004)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions B allele Gene References B1 br (Brennan et al., 2001) trr (Sedkov et al., 2003) dpp (Mandal and Lakhotia, 1999, Sedkov et al., 2003) Pub (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) mb (Bonnier, 1934) oro (Epps et al., 1997) su(B) (Steinberg, 1937) BM2 ap (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) BScer\UAS.cKa Lim1 (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) Chi (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) al (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) tup (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) ap (Pueyo and Couso, 2004) BSV Su(var)3-9 (Locke et al., 1993) Bunspecified ptc (Epps et al., 1997) Low (Bhadra et al., 1997) oro (Tanda et al., 1996) E(B) (Bonnier and Norenskiold, 1943) unspecified su(Hw) (Lindsley and Grell, 1968) H (Mueller et al., 2005) oro (Epps et al., 1997) Ble (Meyer, 1959)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 69285
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs
Curated drosophilid orthologs
Linkouts
Functional Complementation between Species
Inter-Species Misexpression Data
Produces phenotype in
Produces NO phenotype in
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 366 )
Bloomington	2969 B1 4295 R(Y)F(9)/B1 4296 R(Y)F(H2)/B1 3972 Bg1 B1/In(1)AM 41 f1 Bi Bi 727 Df(1)g, f1 B1/In(1)AM 1504 B1 P{neoFRT}18A; ry506 777 In(1)BM1, v1 BM1
Kyoto	107498 B1 108777 FM7j, B1 108910 Df(1)g, f1 B1/In(1)AM 101127 In(1)BM1, v1 BM1
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 0 )
cDNA Clones ( 0 )
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones