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Gene Dmel\bi

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\bi	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	bifid	Annotation symbol	CG3578
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000179
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	24 publicly available
Also Known As	omb, l(1)omb, Qd, Dm-OMB, l(1)bi
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	4C3-4C4	Sequence location	X:4,306,889..4,379,680 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene bifid is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\bi (CG3578, FBgn0000179). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: DNA binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: wing disc morphogenesis; wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis; organ growth; compound eye morphogenesis. 71 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system subdivision; adult segment; adult mesothoracic segment; lobula complex; external compound sense organ; thoracic segment; multi-cell-component structure; dorsal thoracic disc; antennal segment; wing pouch. It has 6 annotated transcripts and 6 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Optomotor-blind protein, N-terminal; Transcription factor, T-box; Transcription factor, T-box, conserved site; p53-like transcription factor, DNA-binding. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderate expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval trachea. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1637049_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 3 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of bi. Gene sequence location is X:4306889..4379680.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	bi: bifid Longitudinal veins fused at base of wing into bifid stalk. L3 delta-like at tip; L4 often incomplete at tip. Wing margins often excised at tip of L4. Wings spread in proportion to their shortness. High temperature enhances and low temperature produces overlapping of wild type. Stronger in male than in female. Hypomorphic allele; females heterozygous for bi and a deficiency for bi have outspread, crumpled, and very flimsy wings with an extreme bifid fusion of the basal regions of the longitudinal wing veins (Craymer and Roy, 1980, DIS 55: 204). Enhances Bx alleles as well as sd, cp, and vgnp (Waletzky). RK1. omb: optomotor-blind (J.C. Hall) Adults expressing omb1, the only allele studied in phenotypic detail, are impaired in optomotor turning responses in tests involving tethered or freely moving flies (Heisenberg et al., 1978; Blondeau and Heisenberg, 1982; Kulkarni, Steinlauf, and Hall, 1988, Genetics 118: 267-285; Dushay, Rosbash, and Hall, 1989, J. Biol. Rhythms 4: 1-27). The mutant is also aberrant in orientation to vertical stripe (Heisenberg et al., 1978). More detailed examination of "yaw torque" optomotor responses show that omb1 is restricted in responses to stimulation of "frontal visual field", with mutant behavior summarized as retaining "object responses" but missing "large field responses" (Bausenwein et al., 1986). The mutant is relatively normal in "lift/thrust" response to vertical pattern movement and in regard to landing response elicited by front-to-back horizontal motion. Slow phototaxis, using Y-tube, was markedly subnormal (Dushay et al., 1989). Giant arborizing fibers in lobula plate. Since isolation and the original histological examinations, anatomical abnormalities have become more pronounced, e.g., the optic lobes remain in "pre-imaginal" orientation in some omb adults, viz., long axis of medulla optic ganglia oriented more frontally than in wild-type (Blondeau and Heisenberg, 1982); other behavioral abnormalities: omb shows anomalous avoidance reaction, i.e., "antifixation" to objects in Y-maze test (Bulthoff, 1982, Biol. Cybernet. 45: 63-70); courting males exhibit diminished tracking responses of and turning responses to moving females (Cook, 1980, Biol. Cybernet. 37: 41-51; Tompkins, Gross, Hall, Gailey, and Siegel, 1982, Behav. Genet. 12: 295-307). Visual stimulus-induced metabolic activity in the optic lobes (monitored by distribution of radioactive 2-deoxyglucose) is normal, suggesting that basic structure and function of ganglia distal to lobula plate is normal (Bulthoff and Buchner, 1985, J. Comp. Physiol. 156: 25-34). Without effect on locomotor activity rhythm (Helfrich, 1986, J. Neurogenet. 3: 321-43). Qd: Quadroon Broad dark band on margins of all abdominal tergites, giving abdomen superficial appearance of uniform darkness. Viability of heterozygous female normal, of homozygous female < 10% normal, and of male 30% normal. Qd/Df(1)bi4 exhibit homozygous Qd phenotype as well as bi-like phenotype; Qd/bi and Qd/+ are normal with respect to bi (Banga, Bloomquist, Brodberg, Pye, Larrivee, Mason, Boyd, and Pak, 1986, Chromosoma 93: 341-46). RK2.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 4C3-4C4   (determined by in situ hybridisation); Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG2930EP1352 and P{EP}EP425
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 4C3-4C3   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Grieder et al., 2007) 4C5-4C6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Vieira et al., 1997) 4C-4C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) 4C-4C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Pflugfelder et al., 1991) 4C5-4C6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Pflugfelder et al., 1990) 4B-4C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Banga et al., 1986)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\bi for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0216884. Gene model reviewed during 5.44 gene_with_stop_codon_read_through ; SO:0000697 Gene model reviewed during 5.40 Gene model reviewed during 5.45
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) bi-RA FBtr0070672  NM_080331   4048   972 bi-RB FBtr0300608  NM_001169191   4421   972 bi-RC FBtr0300609  NM_001169192   4388   972 bi-RD FBtr0308914  NM_001258598   4881   974 bi-RE FBtr0308915  NM_001258599   5390   970 bi-RF FBtr0331162  NM_001272309   4048   1023
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	6.0, >12 (northern blot) (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) 6, ~12, >12 (northern blot) (Pflugfelder et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein bi-PA   FBpp0070640   102.6   972   8.77     NP_525070   AAF45946 bi-PB   FBpp0289835   102.6   972   8.77     NP_001162662   ACZ95199 bi-PC   FBpp0289836   102.6   972   8.77     NP_001162663   ACZ95200 bi-PD   FBpp0301040   102.9   974   8.63     NP_001245527   AFH07241 bi-PE   FBpp0301041   102.5   970   8.76     NP_001245528   AFH07242 bi-PF   FBpp0303589   108.3   1023   6.95     NP_001259238   AGB95084
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	974 (aa); 103 (kD) (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) 974 (aa) (Pflugfelder et al., 1992)
Comments	Sequence comparison of a 1.1kb open reading frame did not reveal any significant homology to other proteins in database. (Pflugfelder et al., 1992)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Transcription factor, T-box, conserved site (IPR018186) Transcription factor, T-box (IPR001699) p53-like transcription factor, DNA-binding (IPR008967) Optomotor-blind protein, N-terminal (IPR021101)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014298 AAF45946   AE014298 ACZ95199   AE014298 ACZ95200   AF291717   AE014298 AFH07241   AE014298 AFH07242   AE014298 AGB95084   BG635573   BI564893   BI574743   BI584493   BI585460   BI620475   BI620572   BI626239   BT011065   BT030846   CO188213   CO276836   CO279462   CO280670   CO296095   CO302173   CO307758   CO315749   CO328778   CO331610   CZ471381   CZ474057   CZ474840   CZ475112   CZ477372   CZ477737   CZ479502   CZ479503   CZ481980   CZ482307   CZ482314   CZ482321   CZ482364   CZ490210   CZ490812   EC060444   EC079146   EC080853   EC203653   EC203925   EC209576   EC213033   EC246197   EC251562   EL874576   EL874650   M81796 AAA28736   S61726   S61727 AAB26697   S61729 AAB26697   S61732 AAB26697   S61734   S61735 AAB26698   S61737   S61739   S61742   S61743 AAB26699   S61744 AAB26699   S61955 AAB26699   S75261
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q24432
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	E1JJD8
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160796 X:4,280,502..4,280,518 evidence=experimental bound_moiety=brk-XP (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Bergman et al., 2005) regulatory region FBsf0000435098 X:4,321,698..4,327,862 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435160 X:4,339,832..4,344,453 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435646 X:4,279,043..4,280,500 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435873 X:4,332,774..4,339,832 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436559 X:4,280,500..4,281,986 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Halfon, 2012.6.19)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference third instar larval stage   embryonic/larval optic lobe   (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 8   procephalic segment   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   antennal primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium visual primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium dorsal head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium lateral head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium ventral head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium embryonic stage 10   procephalic segment   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 11   lateral accessory lobe   (Poeck et al., 1993) antennal segment   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 16   ventral nervous system | segmentally repeated   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 12   antennal segment   (Poeck et al., 1993) procephalic segment   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 13 -- 15   presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system   (Poeck et al., 1993) peripheral nervous system precursor cluster   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic head sensory system   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval nervous system   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 17   antenno-maxillary complex   (Poeck et al., 1993) third instar larval stage   lamina neuropil   (Poeck et al., 1993) eye-antennal disc   (Poeck et al., 1993) embryonic/larval brain   (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) ventral nerve cord   (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) prepupal stage   suture of larval outer optic anlage   (Poeck et al., 1993) inner proliferation zone   (Poeck et al., 1993) adult stage   protocerebrum   (Poeck et al., 1993) lamina neuropil   (Poeck et al., 1993) cortex of medulla   (Poeck et al., 1993)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference third instar larval stage   wing disc | restricted   (Haerry et al., 1998)
Additional Descriptive Data
	The bi protein is expressed over the entire wing pouch region, as well as in the central area of the hinge region in the wing disc. (Haerry et al., 1998)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Shen et al., 2010)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{GAL4}biomb-Gal4 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference third instar larval stage   wing disc | restricted   (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004) wing disc | distal   (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004) lamina   (Shinza-Kameda et al., 2006) pupal stage P6   wing disc | distal   (Lecuit et al., 1996) Comment:reference states 30 hr APF wing disc | restricted   (Lecuit et al., 1996) Comment:reference states 30 hr APF adult stage   adult abdominal segment | restricted   (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004, Lawrence et al., 2002) Reporter: P{GawB}biomb1-GAL4 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   organism | segmentally repeated   (Tang and Sun, 2002) third instar larval stage   ventral thoracic disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) wing disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) eye-antennal disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) Reporter: P{GawB}biomb3-GAL4 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   peripheral nervous system   (Tang and Sun, 2002) organism | segmentally repeated   (Tang and Sun, 2002) third instar larval stage   ventral thoracic disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) wing disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) eye-antennal disc | restricted   (Tang and Sun, 2002) Reporter: P{lacW}biPol-1 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Sun et al., 1995) embryonic stage 8   procephalic segment   (Tsai et al., 1997) embryonic stage 12   optic lobe   (Tsai et al., 1997) embryonic stage 12 -- 14   antennal segment   (Tsai et al., 1997) central nervous system | segmentally repeated   (Tsai et al., 1997) embryonic stage 13   antenno-maxillary complex   (Tsai et al., 1997) third instar larval stage   eye-antennal disc   (Tsai et al., 1997) eye disc | restricted   (Sun et al., 1995) wing disc   (Tsai et al., 1997) wing disc | restricted   (Sun et al., 1995) embryonic/larval optic lobe   (Tsai et al., 1997) antennal disc | restricted   (Sun et al., 1995) ventral thoracic disc   (Tsai et al., 1997) wing disc | medial   (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996) ventral thoracic disc | restricted   (Sun et al., 1995)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval trachea. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    205.6 Larval Midgut    4.7 Larval Hindgut    10.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22.2 Larval Fat Body    19.5 Larval Salivary Gland    13.1 Larval Trachea    167.125 Larval Carcass    25.825 Adult Head    34.9 Adult Eye    187.275 Adult Brain    124.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43 Adult Crop    8.9 Adult Midgut    5.5 Adult Hindgut    12.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    10.2 Adult Fat Body    22.4 Adult Salivary Gland    23.1 Adult Heart    4.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    15 Adult Ovary    1.3 Adult Testis    9.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.4 Adult Carcass    24.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    34.9   NA  Eye    187.275   NA  Brain    124.6   205.6  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43   NA  Crop    8.9   4.7  Midgut    5.5   no informative data  Hindgut    no informative data   22.2  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   no informative data  Fat Body    22.4   13.1  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    4.875   167.125  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  Ovary    1.3   NA  Testis    9.5   NA  Male Accessory Gland    no informative data   25.825  Carcass    no informative data FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (31) central nervous system, larvae L3  (50) central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  31 central nervous system, larvae L3  (50) central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    31 central nervous system, larvae L3    50 central nervous system, pupae P8    21 head, virgin 1-day female    6 head, virgin 4-day female    7 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    7 head, mated 4-day female    5 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    9 head, mated 4-day male    9 head, mated 20-day male    7 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    14 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    1 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderate expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, during early pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    1 embryo 06-08hr    5 embryo 08-10hr    7 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    8 embryo 14-16hr    6 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    5 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    7 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9  (62) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21  (28) wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (34) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9  (62) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21  28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (34) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    62 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    28 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    34 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_11 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_06
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD03248 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000179 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3578-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for bi Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal biD1Tp biD2 biD4 biomb-282 biomb-3198 lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP biScer\UAS.cPa lethal, with Scer\GAL4tub.PU biScer\UAS.cPa lethal | pharate adult stage biomb-3198 lethal | P-stage | female | larval stage | recessive biΔP2-P3w lethal | pupal stage biD1T biD2 biD4 biD11 biG0038 lethal | pupal stage | recessive biD4 biomb-282 biomb-3198 lethal | recessive biD4 biomb3-GAL4 biomb-282 biomb-3198 biQd-1E1 biQd-1E3 biQd-1E6 biQd-3 partially lethal - majority die (with bi1) bi12 bi13 bi15 partially lethal - majority die (with bi12) bi1 birb5 partially lethal - majority die (with bi13) bi1 birb5 partially lethal - majority die (with bi15) bi1 birb5 partially lethal - majority die (with birb5) bi12 bi13 bi15 partially lethal - majority die | recessive biQd-1E4 biQd-2 viable bi1 biD11 biD13-1 bid05964 biomb-1 biQd-1E2 biQd-1E5 biQd-1E7 biQd biQd-Fab viable | male biΔP2-P3w Sterility Allele fertile bid05964 sterile | recessive biQd-Fab Other Phenotypes Allele behavior defective biomb-1 behavior defective | semidominant biomb-1 body color defective | cell autonomous | somatic clone biomb-3198 body color defective | male | recessive biomb-282 body color defective | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC biScer\UAS.cLa eye color defective biD11 neurophysiology defective biD1T biD2 biomb-1 optomotor response defective biomb-1 phototaxis defective biomb-1 planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone biomb-3198 planar polarity defective | somatic clone biomb-3198 size defective | recessive bi1 biΔP2-P3w visible bimd653 biomb1-GAL4 biomb-282 visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 biScer\UAS.cBa visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB biScer\UAS.cBa visible | dominant bi1 bimd653 biQd-1E1 biQd-1E6 biQd-2 biQd biQd-Fab visible | male | recessive biomb-282 biΔP2-P3w visible | recessive bi1 bi35 biD11 biomb-1 biomb-Gal4 visible | recessive | heat sensitive bi1 visual behavior defective biomb-1 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal sternite & trichome biomb-282 abdominal tergite & macrochaeta biQd-Fab biomb-282 abdominal tergite & trichome biomb-282 abdominal tergite | posterior & trichome biomb-3198 adult abdomen biomb-282 adult abdominal segment 3 biomb-282 adult abdominal segment 3 | anterior | ectopic biomb-282 adult abdominal segment | posterior compartment biomb-282 adult cuticle & abdomen | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC biScer\UAS.cLa adult cuticle & abdomen | somatic clone | cell autonomous biomb-3198 adult cuticle & abdominal segment | male biomb-282 anal plate biomb-282 arista, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biN+T+C.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC biScer\UAS.cPa clasper long bristle | dorsal biomb-282 clasper long bristle | dorsal, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biScer\UAS.cBa dorsal margin photoreceptor | ectopic biQd-For epiproct biomb-282 eye biD11 biomb1-GAL4 eye, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biN+T+C.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC biScer\UAS.cPa eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF biScer\UAS.cPa horizontal system neuron biomb-1 birb5 hypandrial bristle biomb-282 hypandrial bristle, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biScer\UAS.cBa hypandrial hair biomb-282 hypandrium biomb-282 hypoproct biomb-282 leg, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biScer\UAS.cBa lobula biomb-1 lobula (with biD1Tp) biomb-1 lobula (with biomb-1) biD1Tp lobula plate biomb-1 lobula plate | adult stage biomb-1 microchaeta | somatic clone biomb-3198 ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF biN+T+C.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC optic chiasm biD1Tp birb13S birb5 optic chiasm (with biD1Tp) biomb-1 optic chiasm (with biomb-1) biD1Tp optic lobe biomb-1 pigment cell biD11 sternite | anterior & trichome biQd-Fab tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biScer\UAS.cPa tergite biQd biomb-282 tergite | anterior biQd-Fab tergite | anterior, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB biScer\UAS.cBa tergite | female biD13-1 tergite | posterior biQd biQd-1E1 biQd-1E6 biomb-282 biomb-3198 tergite | posterior (with biQd-1E1) biQd-1E7 tergite | posterior (with biQd-1E7) biQd-1E1 wing bi1 bi35 bimd653 biomb-1 biomb-282 biomb-3198 biomb-Gal4 wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 biScer\UAS.cBa wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 biScer\UAS.cBa wing (with bi1) bi12 bi13 bi15 wing (with bi12) bi1 birb5 wing (with bi13) bi1 birb5 wing (with bi15) bi1 birb5 wing (with biomb-282) biomb-Gal4 wing (with biomb-Gal4) biomb-282 wing (with birb5) bi12 bi13 bi15 wing | distal biD4 wing | male biΔP2-P3w wing | somatic clone biomb-282 wing blade, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E bidsRNA.Scer\UAS wing disc bi1 biomb-1 biomb-3198 biΔP2-P3w wing disc (with bi1) biD4 wing disc (with biD4) bi1 wing disc | anterior/posterior compartment boundary | somatic clone biomb-3198 wing hinge | heat sensitive bi1 wing margin, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 wing pouch bi1 wing pouch, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E bidsRNA.Scer\UAS wing pouch, with Scer\GAL4Scer\FRT.Rnor\CD2.Act5C bidsRNA.Scer\UAS wing pouch (with bi1) biD4 wing pouch (with biD4) bi1 wing pouch | heat sensitive bi1 biΔP2-P3w wing sensillum | ectopic bi1 biΔP2-P3w wing sensillum | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 bidsRNA.Scer\UAS wing vein bi1 biD11 biomb-1 wing vein, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096 biScer\UAS.cBa wing vein, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 wing vein (with bi1) bi12 bi13 bi15 wing vein (with bi12) bi1 birb5 wing vein (with bi13) bi1 birb5 wing vein (with bi15) bi1 birb5 wing vein (with birb5) bi12 bi13 bi15 wing vein | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4vg.int2.1 biScer\UAS.cBa wing vein | heat sensitive bi1 wing vein | proximal, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 wing vein L3 bi1 bi35 wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 wing vein L3 | distal, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 biGG01060 wing vein L4 bi1 bi35 wing vein L5, with Scer\GAL4vg.int2.1 biScer\UAS.cBa wing vein L5 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone biD4
Classical Alleles ( 61 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of bi Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion bi1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence spontaneous 2 Yes bid05964 P-element activity 2 -- biD2 X ray 2 -- bimd653 P-element activity 2 -- biQd gain of function allele spontaneous X ray 2 -- bid00105 P-element activity 1 -- bid06414 P-element activity 1 -- bid10662 P-element activity 1 -- bie02388a 1 -- bie04530a 1 -- bie04530b 1 -- bie04557 piggyBac transposase 1 -- bie04563 piggyBac transposase 1 -- bie04604b 1 -- bif07443 piggyBac transposase 1 -- bif08123 piggyBac transposase 1 -- biGG01060 P-element activity 1 -- biMI01347 1 -- bi12 0 Yes bi13 0 Yes bi15 0 Yes bi35 spontaneous 0 -- bid04667 P-element activity 0 -- bid11458 P-element activity 0 -- biD11 gypsy element activity 0 Yes biD13-1 gypsy element activity 0 Yes biD1T X ray 0 -- biD1Tp X ray 0 Yes biD4 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes bie01694 piggyBac transposase 0 -- bie04234 piggyBac transposase 0 -- bie04386 0 -- bie04551 0 -- bie04569 piggyBac transposase 0 -- bie04603 piggyBac transposase 0 -- biG0038 P-element activity 0 -- biN76 0 -- biomb-1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes biomb-282 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes biomb-3198 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes biomb-Gal4 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes biomb1-GAL4 P-element activity 0 Yes biomb3-GAL4 P-element activity 0 Yes biPol-1 P-element activity 0 -- biQd-1E1 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E2 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E3 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E4 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E5 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E6 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-1E7 gain of function allele irradiation 0 -- biQd-2 gain of function allele X ray 0 Yes biQd-3 gain of function allele X ray 0 Yes biQd-Fab gain of function allele 0 -- biQd-For 0 -- birb13S 0 Yes birb5 0 Yes biScer\UAS.cLa 0 Yes biX35:omb-3198 recombination 0 -- biX35 P-element activity 0 Yes biΔP2-P3w hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence Delta2-3 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of bi Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion biJF02976 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes biKK108384 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes biAct5C.PP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes bidsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes biN+T+C.Act5C.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes biN+T+C.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes biScer\FRT.Rnor\CD2.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes biScer\UAS.cBa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes biScer\UAS.cPa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes biScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)biD1Tp (Banga et al., 1986, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)bi-D1 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)bi-D2 (Banga et al., 1986, Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)bi-D3 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)bi-DL1 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)bi-DL2 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)bi-DL3 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)bi-DL4 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)bi-DL5 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)bi-DL6 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)BSC532 (Christensen et al., 2008.6.11) Df(1)BSC580 (Christensen et al., 2008.9.3) Df(1)BSC657 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)BSC723 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)cho19 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho23 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)GA56 (Banga et al., 1986, Oliver et al., 1988, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)HC244 (Craymer and Roy, 1980, Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988, Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)HF366 (Craymer and Roy, 1980, Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)ovo15 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)ovo44 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb1 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb5 (Banga et al., 1986, Pflugfelder et al., 1990, Poeck et al., 1991) Df(1)rb13 (Banga et al., 1986, Oliver et al., 1988, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)rb14 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb23 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb27 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb29 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb30 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb33 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb34 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb35 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb41 (Banga et al., 1986) Df(1)rb42 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb44 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb46 (Oliver et al., 1988, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)rb47 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb48 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)rb50 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)RC40 (Craymer and Roy, 1980, Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988, Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)Sp(rb) (Schalet, 1986) Df(1)wm258-44   In(1)biQd-1E2 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) In(1)biQd-1E3 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) In(1)biQd-2 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) In(1)ClLbbDfR   In(1)ombH31 (Pflugfelder et al., 1990, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995) T(1;2)biD2 (Banga et al., 1986, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) T(1;2)biQd-Fab (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) T(1;3)biD1T (Banga et al., 1986) T(1;3)biQd-1E1 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) T(1;3)biQd-1E4 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) Tp(1;?)biQd-3 (Kopp and Duncan, 1997)
Duplicated in	In(1)bbDfLClR
Not disrupted in	Df(1)314 (Mackensen, 1935) Df(1)C149 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)cho2 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho3 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho5 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho6 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho7 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho8 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho10 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho24 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)cho25 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988) Df(1)GA102 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)JC70 (Schalet, 1986, Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)N73 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)ombrb (Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)ovo6 (Oliver et al., 1988, Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Df(1)ovo7 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb13 (Steinmann-Zwicky, 1988)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;2)w-ec (Schalet, 1986) Dp(1;3)sn13a1 (Schalet, 1986)
Partially disrupted in	Df(1)biΔ(P2-P3w) (Shen et al., 2008, Shen et al., 2008)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{bi-lacZ.Del0} No P{bi-lacZ.Del1} No P{bi-lacZ.Del2} No P{bi-lacZ.Del3} No P{bi-lacZ.Del4} No P{bi-lacZ.Del5} No P{bi-lacZ.Del6} No P{bi-lacZ.Del7} No P{bi-lacZ.Del8} No P{bi-lacZ.Del9} No P{bi-lacZ.Del10} No P{bi-lacZ.Del11} No P{bi-lacZ.mut271} No P{bi-lacZ.mut272} No P{bi-lacZ.mut273} No P{bi-lacZ.mut274} No P{bi-lacZ.mut275} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb5} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb6} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb7} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb8} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb9} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb10} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb12} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb13} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb16} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb17} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb19} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb20} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb21} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb23} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb24-ND} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb25-ND} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb27-ND} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb31} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb32} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb33} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb34} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb35} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb36} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb37} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb38} No P{bi-lacZ.pomb39} No P{bi-lacZ.WF4} No P{bi-lacZ.WF5} No P{bi-lacZ.WF6} No P{bi-lacZ.WF7} No P{bi-lacZ.WF8} No P{bi-lacZ.WF9} No P{bi-lacZ.WF10} No P{bi-lacZ.WF11} No P{bi-lacZ.WF12} No P{bi-lacZ.WF13} No P{bi-lacZ.WF14} No P{bi-lacZ.WF15} No P{bi-lacZ.WF16} No P{bi-lacZ.WF17} No P{bi-lacZ.WF18} No UAS construct P{KK108384} NA P{Scer\UAS(FRT.CD2)bi.L} NA P{TRiP.JF02976} NA P{UAS-bi.IR} NA P{UAS-bi.MYC} NA P{UAS-bi.N+T+C.MYC} NA P{UAS-bi.P} NA P{UAS-omb.B} NA GAL4 construct P{bi-GAL4.U} No characterization construct P{biN+org-1T+org-1C.MYC} NA P{bi-taulacZ.N} NA P{UAS-biN+biT+org-1C.HA} NA P{UAS-biN+org-1T+biC.HA} NA P{UAS-org-1N.biT.org-1C.HA} NA P{UAS-org-1N+biT+biC.MYC} NA P{UAS-org-1N+org-1T+biC.HA} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{GSV1}EP-B5EP-B5 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}biGG01060 NA P{XP}bid00105 NA P{XP}bid04667 NA P{XP}bid05964 NA P{XP}bid06414 NA P{XP}bid10662 NA P{XP}bid11458 NA miscellaneous insertions gypsy{}biD11 NA gypsy{}biD13-1 NA Mi{MIC}biMI01347 NA P{GawB}biP3w NA PBac{RB}bie01694 NA PBac{RB}bie02388a NA PBac{RB}bie04234 NA PBac{RB}bie04386 NA PBac{RB}bie04530a NA PBac{RB}bie04530b NA PBac{RB}bie04551 NA PBac{RB}bie04557 NA PBac{RB}bie04563 NA PBac{RB}bie04569 NA PBac{RB}bie04603 NA PBac{RB}bie04604b NA PBac{WH}bif07443 NA PBac{WH}bif08123 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}biG0038 No P{lacW}biPol-1 No P{lacW}biX35 No P{lacW}Pol-2 No insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GAL4}biomb-Gal4 No P{GalW}S46 No P{GawB}bimd653 No P{GawB}biomb1-GAL4 No P{GawB}biomb3-GAL4 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 11 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Pflugfelder et al., 1992)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
compound eye morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Tomlinson, 2003) imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis inferred from expression pattern (Shen et al., 2010) inferred from mutant phenotype (Dworkin and Gibson, 2006) negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (Porsch et al., 2005) organ growth inferred from mutant phenotype (Shen et al., 2008) wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Shen and Dahmann, 2005) wing disc morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004, Shen et al., 2008)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Shen et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001699, InterPro:IPR008967, InterPro:IPR018186 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (FlyBase, 1992-) traceable author statement (Gonzalez-Gaitan, 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
developmental pigmentation traceable author statement (Wittkopp et al., 2003) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent traceable author statement (Gonzalez-Gaitan, 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from sequence or structural similarity with mouse Tbx2 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1997.2.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_stop_codon_read_through (Jungreis et al., 2011) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions bi allele Gene References bi1 Bx (Bridges and Brehme, 1944) cp (Bridges and Brehme, 1944) sd (Bridges and Brehme, 1944) vg (Bridges and Brehme, 1944) biomb-1 ab (Cook et al., 2004) ap (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996) dpp (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996) hep (Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999) p38b (Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999) puc (Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999) wg (Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999) biomb-282 hh (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) Scf (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) biomb-3198 ci (Shen and Dahmann, 2005) puc (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004) unspecified ap (Kerscher et al., 1993) dpp (Kerscher et al., 1993)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57896 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000179 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31379
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (170) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6XWGHT Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG65B1Q8 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6NGFK0 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6GMSFB Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG64N9PC
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6XWGHT)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\bi     Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE16345 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA22741 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK15734 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\bi Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI21789 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12075 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG65B1Q8)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL000158
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6NGFK0)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\LOC552311 Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB50858 Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB45658 Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB49684 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG009552 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG003929 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG004177 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG019948 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH11360 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH14240 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH14844 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH11372 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH11369 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH22553 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18442 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18776 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP21923 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP16053 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP16055 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP16128 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP16062 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO20760 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO18881 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO22216 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO20550 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18104 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL17418 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL22926 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18006 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18000 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18007 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH20152 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH10745 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH10744 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH20154 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH20159 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23371 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH16418 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB19528 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB11912 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB24840 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB24839 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB26341 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB24847 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV20004 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV16744 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV10896 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV19991 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV11021 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV17750 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV11007 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV17864 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008613 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI001903 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI000143 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA002994 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA003172 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA012897 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA003173 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA013132 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM147760 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM607490 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM147770 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM147980 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM322730 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\mid Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\Org-1 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_15795 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC013511 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\Doc1 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\H15 Y
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6GMSFB)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\EAPA Y Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_59354 Y Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\rpoC2 Y Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\mod Y Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\rbcL Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW019283 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW003117 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW019280 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW019287 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW019692 Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG64N9PC)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\mls-1 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\tbx-2 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\mab-9 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_020346gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_021963gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_020345gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_023386gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_006150gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_018392gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000061509 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx24 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000086287 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\mga Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx5a Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\CH211-199D18.2 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx4 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx22 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\OTTDARG00000021108 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx3 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx5b Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx18 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx6l Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx16 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx2b Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\tbx15 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx18 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\vegt Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx22 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx3 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\mga Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx5 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx15 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx4 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx1 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx2 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\tbx20 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX10 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX2 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX20 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX5 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\MGA Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX22 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX18 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX15 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX4 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TBX6 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx22 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx1 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx3 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx20 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Mga Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx18 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx15 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx4 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx6 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx10 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Tbx5 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx2 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx6 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx5 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx15 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx18 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx22 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx20 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Mga Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx10-ps1 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx3 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Tbx1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\MGA Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX22 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX10 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX5 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX15 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX4 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX20 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX18 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX2 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX6 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000135111 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TBX1 Y
Human Orthologs (12)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\MGA     Hsap\TBX22     Hsap\TBX10     Hsap\TBX5     Hsap\TBX15     Hsap\TBX4     Hsap\TBX20     Hsap\TBX18     Hsap\TBX2     Hsap\TBX6     Hsap\ENSG00000135111     Hsap\TBX1
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD16691 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM12345 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG18707 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE16345 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF19461 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA22741 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK15734 Drosophila virilis Dvir\bi Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI21789 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH12075
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 24 )
Bloomington	3757 biQd
Harvard	- P{XP}bid00105 - P{XP}bid05964 - P{XP}bid06414 - P{XP}bid10662 - PBac{RB}bie04557 - PBac{RB}bie04563 - PBac{WH}bif07443 - PBac{WH}bif08123
Kyoto	107225 biQd 105674 bi1 ct6 g2
VDRC	v100598 P{KK108384}VIE-260B
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR43C24 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 31 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD03248
Other clones	IP14536
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RH23716 RH25047 RH26569 RH51632 RH51743 RH62465 RH66805 SD13026
Other clones	10235 20708 59178 80202 149613 159309 214281.51 273374 CK01.58A.E4 EK038437 EK122162 EK134357 EK154604 EK183321 EK212658 EK255531 EK262357 EK291409 EK300710 IP14636 IP14736
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000179 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31379
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Shen et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
	Morgan, Nov. 1911.
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: bi CG3578 (Zhong, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	bi plays a role in wing development downstream of dpp by controlling the expression of tkv. (del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004) bi is sufficient to specify dorsal leg cell fate. bi promotes transdetermination-competent leg disc cells more directly than does dpp. Results indicate wg and dpp signaling pathways are cooperating to induce vg expression and leg-to-wing transdetermination. (Maves and Schubiger, 1998) bi is the primary target of hh signaling in the adult abdomen, mediating both the morphogenetic and polarity-reversal functions of hh. (Kopp and Duncan, 1997) bi expression is required for distal wing development and is controlled by both dpp and wg. (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996) Ectopic bi expression can lead to the growth of additional wings. (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996) The spatial domains of salm and bi expression are regulated by dpp. (Lecuit et al., 1996) bi and salm are transcriptionally activated at different distances from dpp secreting cells. (Nellen et al., 1996) Mutant bi expression suggests an early involvement of bi in HS/VS cell development. (Balles et al., 1995) bi might code for a nuclear effector acting downstream of dpp in pattern formation during appendage development. (Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1995) Mutant wing discs reach and even exceed the wild type size, but show extra folds. Massive apoptotic cell death occurs at the end of larval development resulting in lack of adult tissue. Loss of optic lobe tissue occurs by a similar mechanism. (Pflugfelder et al., 1995) bi is essential for optic lobe and wing blade development. (Pflugfelder et al., 1995) bi mutations have been mapped to establish the T3 transcript as the carrier of bi function. (Poeck et al., 1993) Mutations in the optic lobe regulatory region of the bi locus are viable and cause recognisable aberrations in the adult brain with concomitant specific defects in optomotor behaviour. Null mutations can cause highly disordered optic lobes recognisable in third instar larvae. (Poeck et al., 1993) Flies heterozygous for bi and either T(1;2)biD2, T(1;3)biD1T or T(1;3)biD1T express the bi phenotype. (Pflugfelder et al., 1990) Behavioural and anatomical studies demonstrate that central brain lesions can be interpreted behaviourally. (Heisenberg et al., 1985)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_080331 NM_001169191 NM_001169192 NM_001258598 NM_001258599 NM_001272309 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_525070 NP_001162662 NP_001162663 NP_001245527 NP_001245528 NP_001259238 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA28736 AAB26697 AAB26698 AAB26699 AAF45946 ACZ95199 ACZ95200 AF291717 AFH07241 AFH07242 AGB95084 CZ471381 CZ474057 CZ474840 CZ475112 CZ477372 CZ477737 CZ479502 CZ479503 CZ481980 CZ482307 CZ482314 CZ482321 CZ482364 CZ490210 CZ490812 M81796 S61726 S61727 S61729 S61732 S61734 S61735 S61737 S61739 S61742 S61743 S61744 S61955 S75261 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31379 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q24432 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • E1JJD8
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Transcription factor, T-box, conserved site (IPR018186) Transcription factor, T-box (IPR001699) p53-like transcription factor, DNA-binding (IPR008967) Optomotor-blind protein, N-terminal (IPR021101) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD03248
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57896 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000179 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000179 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000179 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3578-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000179 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31379 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /neural/optomotr.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31379 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000179 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0000179
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 26 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BI (Bassett et al., 1997) bi (Grieder et al., 2007, Christensen et al., 2008.6.11, Christensen et al., 2008.9.3, Jungreis et al., 2011, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Choksi et al., 2006, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995, Copley, 2005, Morozova et al., 2009, Svendsen et al., 2009, modENCODE Consortium et al., 2010, Beltran et al., 2007, Cherbas et al., 2011, Dworkin et al., 2011, Manning et al., 2012) CG3578 (Hadar et al., 2012, Molnar et al., 2006, Grieder et al., 2007, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Macdonald and Long, 2006) Dm-OMB (Prpic et al., 2003) dm-omb (Papaioannou and Silver, 1998) Dm-omb (Papaioannou, 1997) l(1)bi (Tsai et al., 1997, Poeck et al., 1991) l(1)omb (Tsai et al., 1997, Poeck et al., 1993, Meinertzhagen and Hanson, 1993, Pflugfelder et al., 1991, Pflugfelder et al., 1992) omb (Dworkin and Gibson., 2006, Moser and Campbell, 2005, Ashe, 2006, Miotto et al., 2006, Shen and Dahmann, 2005, Porsch et al., 2005, Winter and Campbell, 2004, Cook et al., 2004, Tomlinson, 2003, Gerlitz et al., 2002, Brisson et al., 2004, Wernet and Desplan, 2004, Crozatier et al., 2004, del Alamo et al., 2003, Tabata and Takei, 2004, del Alamo Rodriguez et al., 2004, Wittkopp et al., 2003, Tayler and Garrity, 2003, Reim et al., 2003, Nebreda and Porras, 2000, Cook and Bier, 2003, Tang and Sun, 2002, Adachi-Yamada, 2002, Lawrence et al., 2002, Stathopoulos and Levine, 2002, Yao and Sun, 2002, Erkner et al., 2002, Martin-Castellanos and Edgar, 2002, Kopp and Duncan, 2002, Hofmeyer et al., 2001, Ingham and McMahon, 2001, Vincent and Briscoe, 2001, Gurdon and Bourillot, 2001, Hofmeyer et al., 2001, Sanchez and Guerrero, 2001, Vincent and Perrimon, 2001, Affolter et al., 2001, Sanchez et al., 2001, Kopp et al., 2000, Goulding and Lamar, 2000, Torres-Vazquez et al., 2000, Sivasankaran et al., 2000, Funakoshi et al., 2001, Martin-Blanco, 2000, Day and Lawrence, 2000, Selleck, 2000, Takatsu et al., 2000, Basler, 2000, Singh et al., 2000, Funakoshi et al., 2000, Tanimoto et al., 2000, Pages and Kerridge, 2000, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.10.14, Poeck, 1993.10.14, Podos and Ferguson, 1999, Marsh and Theisen, 1999, Gorfinkiel et al., 1999, Zorin et al., 1999, Pflugfelder et al., 1999, Kudoh, 1999, Sharma and Kumar, 1999, Raftery and Sutherland, 1999, Morata and Sanchez-Herrero, 1999, Kudoh, 1999, Diez del Corral et al., 1999, Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999, Hughes, 1999, Minami et al., 1999, Jazwinska et al., 1999, Campbell and Tomlinson, 1999, Sivasankaran and Basler, 1999, Kopp and Duncan, 1999, Jazwinska et al., 1999, Brummel et al., 1999, Adachi-Yamada et al., 1999, Stanewsky et al., 1998, Lecuit and Cohen, 1998, Kavka and Green, 1997, Huang and Kunes, 1998, Haerry et al., 1998, Hazelett et al., 1998, Whitman, 1998, Gonzalez-Crespo et al., 1998, Hidalgo, 1998, Porsch et al., 1998, Sivasankaran and Basler, 1998, Rutila et al., 1998, de Celis, 1998, Johnston, 1998, Rorth et al., 1998, Jazwinska et al., 1998, Hays et al., 1998, Haerry et al., 1998, Chung and Kunes, 1997, Maves and Schubiger, 1998, Joiner and Griffith, 1997, Heisenberg, 1997, Kopp and Duncan, 1997, Tsuneizumi et al., 1997, Grimm et al., 1997, Neumann and Cohen, 1997, Vieira et al., 1997, Pflugfelder, 1995, Maves and Schubiger, 1997, Kim et al., 1997, Tsai et al., 1997, Burke and Basler, 1997, Serrano and O'Farrell, 1997, Kopp et al., 1997, Calleja et al., 1996, Brook and Cohen, 1996, Calleja, 1996.10.16, Lawrence and Struhl, 1996, Banfi et al., 1996, Smith, 1996, Nellen et al., 1996, Lecuit et al., 1996, Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996, Sun et al., 1995, Pflugfelder et al., 1995, Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1995, Balles et al., 1995, Kerscher et al., 1995, Pflugfelder et al., 1993, Balles and Pflugfelder, 1994, Hall, 1994, Roth et al., 1991, Poeck et al., 1991, Bulthoff, 1982, Poeck et al., 1993, Kerscher et al., 1993, Brunner et al., 1992, Hoube and Fischbach, 1992, Pflugfelder et al., 1992, Ranganathan et al., 1991, Kulkarni et al., 1988, Oliver et al., 1988, Banga et al., 1986, Bulthoff and Buchner, 1985, Heisenberg et al., 1985, Negeri et al., 2005, Winkler et al., 2006, Lee and Sun, 2006, Capelson and Corces, 2005, Rogulja and Irvine, 2005, Estella and Mann, 2007, Capelson and Corces, 2006, Mosimann et al., 2006, Bangi and Wharton, 2006, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Wang and Struhl, 2004, Ramel et al., 2007, Pflugfelder et al., 2007, de Navas et al., 2006, Pai et al., 2004, Galindo et al., 2005, Murakami et al., 2007, Szuperák et al., 2011, Campbell and Moser, 2008, Tsai et al., 2008, Winkler et al., 2008, Molnar et al., 2006, Grieder et al., 2007, Song et al., 2004, Shen et al., 2008, Kerszberg and Wolpert, 2007, Brisson et al., 2005, Oh and Irvine, 2011, Estella and Mann, 2008, Barrio et al., 2007, Umemori et al., 2007, Taylor and Adler, 2008, Hofmeyer et al., 2008, Zeng et al., 2008, van Swinderen and Flores, 2007, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995, Pflugfelder et al., 1992, Pflugfelder et al., 1990, Thompson et al., 2005, Hall, 2003, Mandalaywala et al., 2008, Lim et al., 2008, Grieder et al., 2009, Svendsen et al., 2009, Eivers et al., 2009, Shen et al., 2010, Song et al., 2010, Oliver et al., 2010, Rodriguez, 2011) Omb (Bharathi et al., 2004, Gonzalez-Gaitan, 2003, Legent et al., 2012, Sen et al., 2010, Dworkin et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011) OMB (Song et al., 2000, Fischer et al., 2012) Qd (Poeck et al., 1991, Oliver et al., 1988, Banga et al., 1986, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995) T3 (Pflugfelder et al., 1991)
Name Synonym	bifid (Tsuda et al., 2006, Negre et al., 2006, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995, Morozova et al., 2009) lethal(l)optomotor-blind (Pflugfelder et al., 1992) optimotor blind (Estella and Mann, 2008) Optimotor-blind (Wang et al., 2011) optomer-blind (Hadar et al., 2012) optomoter blind (Song et al., 2004) optomotorblind (Rodriguez and Guerrero, 2005) optomotor-blind (Dudu et al., 2004, Seto et al., 2002, Balles, 1995.7.11, Sun et al., 1993, Wittkopp et al., 2003, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Poeck, 1993.9.20, Campbell and Moser, 2008, Tsai et al., 2008, Winkler et al., 2008, Cook et al., 2008, Shen et al., 2008, Brisson et al., 2005, Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995, Grimm and Pflugfelder, 1996, Pflugfelder et al., 1992, Pflugfelder et al., 1990, Hall, 2003, Mandalaywala et al., 2008, Shen et al., 2010) optomotor blind (Song et al., 2003, Howes and Bray, 2000, Fraser and Harland, 2000, Bryant, 1999, Kopp et al., 1996, Pages and Kerridge, 2000, Song et al., 2004, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Tomlinson, 2003, Oh and Irvine, 2011, Barrio et al., 2007, Dworkin et al., 2009, Lim et al., 2008, Morozova et al., 2009, Eivers et al., 2009, Song et al., 2010) Optomotor blind (Gonzalez-Gaitan, 2003) Optomotor-blind (Shen and Dahmann, 2005, Umemori et al., 2007, Hofmeyer et al., 2008, Sen et al., 2010) optomotor-blind gene (Poeck, 1993.10.14) Quadroon (Pflugfelder and Heisenberg, 1995)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0002996 FBgn0003183 FBgn0004104
References ( 308 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 308 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 164 ) Supplementary material  ( 8 ) Review  ( 52 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 15 ) Abstract  ( 47 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 9 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Book  ( 3 ) Letter  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 13 )
	Peterson and O'Connor, 2013, Development 140(3): 649--659 Activin receptor inhibition by Smad2 regulates Drosophila wing disc patterning through BMP-response elements. [FBrf0220378] Fischer et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(8): e42349 fussel (fuss) - A Negative Regulator of BMP Signaling in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0219160] Hadar et al., 2012, Gene 494(1): 65--72 A screen identifying genes responsive to Dpp and Wg signaling in the Drosophila developing wing. [FBrf0217293] Legent et al., 2012, Genetics 190(2): 601--616 A screen for x-linked mutations affecting Drosophila photoreceptor differentiation identifies casein kinase 1α as an essential negative regulator of wingless signaling. [FBrf0217484] Li and Padgett, 2012, PLoS ONE 7(3): e32910 bantam Is Required for Optic Lobe Development and Glial Cell Proliferation. [FBrf0217739] Manning et al., 2012, Cell Rep. 2(4): 1002--1013 A Resource for Manipulating Gene Expression and Analyzing cis-Regulatory Modules in the Drosophila CNS. [FBrf0219785] Cherbas et al., 2011, Genome Res. 21(2): 301--314 The transcriptional diversity of 25 Drosophila cell lines. [FBrf0213077] Dworkin et al., 2011, Genetics 187(4): 1171--1184 The effects of weak genetic perturbations on the transcriptome of the wing imaginal disc and its association with wing shape in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0214376] Hamaratoglu et al., 2011, PLoS Biol. 9(10): e1001182 Dpp signaling activity requires pentagone to scale with tissue size in the growing Drosophila wing imaginal disc. [FBrf0216502] Oh and Irvine, 2011, Dev. Cell 20(1): 109--122 Cooperative Regulation of Growth by Yorkie and Mad through bantam. [FBrf0212763] Rodriguez, 2011, PLoS ONE 6(4): e18418 Drosophila TIEG Is a Modulator of Different Signalling Pathways Involved in Wing Patterning and Cell Proliferation. [FBrf0213463] Szuperák et al., 2011, Development 138(4): 715--724 Feedback regulation of Drosophila BMP signaling by the novel extracellular protein Larval Translucida. [FBrf0212881] Wang et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(27): 11139--11144 Sexually dimorphic regulation of the Wingless morphogen controls sex-specific segment number in Drosophila. [FBrf0214239] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...