FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\BicC
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\BicC
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Bicaudal C
Annotation Symbol
CG4824
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0000182
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Bicaudal C (BicC) encodes an RNA binding protein that interacts with the deadenylase encoded by twin and negatively regulates target mRNAs. It is required for oogenesis and is a maternally-expressed gene involved in embryonic patterning. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

Bic-C, l(2)br34, br34, BG:DS00913.2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-51
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:16042047..16048757
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables mRNA binding
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:orb; FB:FBgn0004882
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables mRNA binding
non-traceable author statement
enables RNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004088, InterPro:IPR036612
Biological Process (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
involved_in mitotic cell cycle
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000066435
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the BicC family. (Q24009)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Bicaudal C (BicC) encodes an RNA binding protein that interacts with the deadenylase encoded by twin and negatively regulates target mRNAs. It is required for oogenesis and is a maternally-expressed gene involved in embryonic patterning. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
RNA-binding protein that is involved in oogenesis. Required for correct targeting of the migrating anterior follicle cells and the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in the oocyte. May act as translational repressor of oskar during oogenesis. Function seems to be sensitive to small changes in expression.
(UniProt, Q24009)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
BicC: Bicaudal C
A maternal-effect semilethal; the majority of embryos produced by BicC/+ mothers given rise to normal larvae a minority fail to hatch and vary in phenotype. Double-abdomen embryos have a normal posterior end and the anterior end replaced by mirror image series of posterior segments, e.g. A8-A4|A4-A8 to A8-A6|A6-A8; they need not have the same number of segments on either side of the reversal of polarity, the duplicated portion having fewer segments; generally more segments seen ventrally than dorsally. Less severely affected embryros may be headless, or with reduced mouth parts, or even normal appearing but failing to hatch. The incidence and severity of abnormal embryos vary with genetic background and temperature, the incidence being highest at 25 and decreasing at lower and higher temperatures. The majority of the embryos produced by BicC/BicD trans heterozygotes are abnormal. Homozygotes are abnormal. Homozygous BicC females sterile, germ-cell differentiation blocked at the beginning of vitellogenesis. Follicle cells do not invade between oocyte and nurse cells; they do synthesize a chorion which remains open ended like a chalice or a cup; such eggs never fertilized.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

RNA-binding protein that regulates expression of specific germline mRNAs by controlling their poly(A)-tail length

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\BicC for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q24009)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.54

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0080803
4022
905
FBtr0080804
3830
905
FBtr0080805
3018
785
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

4.2, 4.0, 3.5, 2.7 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0080361
97.8
905
8.93
FBpp0080362
97.8
905
8.93
FBpp0080363
85.0
785
9.66
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

905 aa isoforms: BicC-PA, BicC-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

120 (kD observed)

938 (aa); 102 (kD predicted)

Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\BicC using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.19

Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference

Comment: reference states 0-4 hr AEL

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

BicC protein is first detected in the oocyte at stage 3 but remains faint until stage 5 when the levels increase substantially. In stages 4-6, BicC protein is present throughout the ooctye cytoplasm but is enriched at the posterior pole. In stages 7 to 9, it is abundant in the oocyte cytoplasm. In addition, it is enriched at the anterior of the oocyte and around the cortex. From stage 10 on, BicC protein is present at high levels in nurse cells.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\BicC in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 23 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of BicC
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of BicC
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 96 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 96 )
Gene disrupted in
Gene not disrupted in
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (7)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (6)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (5)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (7)
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
2 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:BicC. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
Select Layout:
Legend:
Protein
RNA
Selected Interactor(s)
Other Interaction Browsers

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
RNA-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement
Other Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-51
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
35E2-35E2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CycEk05007&P{lacW}CycEk02602 and P{EP}crpEP721&P{lacW}crpk07829
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
FBrf0091058 and FBrf0082309 differ in their conclusions about molecular mapping of the proximal breakpoint of Df(2L)Scorv18 with respect to the BicC transcription unit. Weight of evidence favours the FBrf0091058 interpretation (see Roote, 1999.1.18, personal communication).
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (14)
Genomic Clones (20)
cDNA Clones (237)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        BicC produces a localised RNA, which encodes a putative RNA binding protein containing KH domains. The spatial and temporal characteristics of BicC expression and the nature of the BicC protein indicate a function for it in the localisation of specific RNAs during oogenesis.

        BicC is required for the correct targeting of the migrating anterior follicle cells and for specifying anterior position.

        Mutations at the BicC locus cause defects in midoogenesis.

        10 additional alleles are discussed but are not named.

        A maternal-effect semi-lethal; the majority of embryos produced by BicC/+ mothers given rise to normal larvae a minority fail to hatch and vary in phenotype. Double-abdomen embryos have a normal posterior end and the anterior end replaced by mirror image series of posterior segments, e.g. A8-A4|A4-A8 to A8-A6|A6-A8; they need not have the same number of segments on either side of the reversal of polarity, the duplicated portion having fewer segments; generally more segments seen ventrally than dorsally. Less severely affected embryos may be headless, or with reduced mouth parts, or even normal appearing but failing to hatch. The incidence and severity of abnormal embryos vary with genetic background and temperature, the incidence being highest at 25oC and decreasing at lower and higher temperatures. The majority of the embryos produced by BicC/BicD trans heterozygotes are abnormal. Homozygotes are abnormal. Homozygous BicC females sterile, germ-cell differentiation blocked at the beginning of vitellogenesis. Follicle cells do not invade between oocyte and nurse cells; they do synthesize a chorion which remains open ended like a chalice or a cup; such eggs never fertilized.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments

        One or more of the processed

        transcripts for these genes contain two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping

        ORFs are represented by CG4824 (BicC, FBgn0000182), CG45084 (FBgn0266459).

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: BicC CG4824

        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        Dromel_CG4824_FBtr0080804_bicc_mORF
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 58 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          References (160)