• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • RNA-Seq Search
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • GBrowse 2 Beta
    • CytoSearch
    • Feature Mapper
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Current release
  • Archived releases
  • Map Conversion
  • FTP site:
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • DIS by issue
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\BicD

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\BicD	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Bicaudal D	Annotation symbol	CG6605
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000183
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	16 publicly available
Also Known As	Bic-D
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-52.91
Cytogenetic map	36C9-36C9	Sequence location	2L:17,459,605..17,473,215 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Bicaudal D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\BicD (CG6605, FBgn0000183). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: clathrin heavy chain binding; protein binding. There is experimental evidence for 11 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: localization; multicellular organismal reproductive process; anatomical structure development; cellular process involved in reproduction; nitrogen compound transport; biological regulation; transport; cellular macromolecule localization; cellular localization; organic substance transport; regulation of biological process. 69 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; female germline cyst; multicellular structure; egg; organ system subdivision; peripheral nervous system; somatic cell; hemocyte; nervous system; organelle. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Bicaudal-D protein, microtubule-associated. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult tissues/organs expressed at moderate levels. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1630650_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of BicD. Gene sequence location is 2L:17459605..17473215.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	BicD A maternal-effect semilethal; substantial numbers of embryos produced by BicD/+ mothers give rise to normal larvae; the remainder fail to hatch and vary in phenotype. The array of phenotypes encountered is the same as that produced by BicC/+ females. The incidence and severity of abnormal embryos vary with genetic background and temperature, the incidence being highest at 18, and decreasing at higher temperatures. BicD homozygotes, either homoallelic or heteroallelic, and BicC/BicD heterozygotes are female fertile, although producing eggs with fused or reduced chorionic appendages; the majority of their embryos are abnormal and the influence of temperature, if any, obscure. BicD/+/+ duplication-bearing females produce few if any abnormal embryos, whereas BicD/Df(2L)TW119 females produce more abnormal embryos than BicD/+, i.e., with respect to the severity of phenotype, BicD/0 > BicD/+ > BicD/+/+; however, simply a deficiency of BicD product does not account for the abnormal phenotype, since embryos produced by females carrying one dose of BicD+ over a deficiency develop normally. Embryos produced by homozygous BicD females display symmetrical patterns of cad+ polypeptide distribution during early development (Mlodzik and Gehring, 1987, Cell 48: 465-78). Abnormal embryo production by BicD/+ females enhanced by the heterozygosity for the mutant allele of or deficiency for l(2)49; Mohler and Wieschaus speculate that l(2)49 is an allele of bic In addition, eg, stau, tor, and trk, maternal-effect mutants that affect early anterior but not posterior development, act as dominant enhancer of BicD; other maternal-effect mutants ineffective. Bicaudal embryos exhibit nanos protein at both anterior and posterior poles and the absence of hunchback protein in both ends of the embryo; embryos produced by BicD1/BicD2;osk/osk females do not express nos; display a burst of anterior, bcd-dependent hb expression not seen in bicaudal embryos, which is correlated with a dramatic expansion of kni expression (abdominal) and failure to express Kr (thorax and anterior abdomen). BicD expressed early in oogenesis; in wild type, protein first appears in the cytoplasm of all cells in 16-cell cysts in the middle of the germarium; upon entering the vitellarium, protein begins to accumulate in the oocyte and continues to do so for as long as observations are possible. The early embryos produced by such females show uniform distribution of BicD protein, which becomes localized to the cortical cytoplasm at blastoderm formation; anterior-to-posterior distribution remains uniform. Protein disappears at gastrulation. In BicD1/BicD2 females protein accumulation in the oocyte is precocious and greater than normal and the adjacent nurse cells may become visibly depleted; in the embryo, the protein appears to be concentrated as a cap over the anterior third and uniformly less concentrated in the remainder of the embryo. BicDrv1 females display extreme concentration of product in the presumptive oocyte and virtually none in the nurse cells; however, the presumptive oocyte never develops as an oocyte but remains nurse-cell like until the cyst degenerates.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms cellular macromolecule localization
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 36C9-36C9   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Mhck10423&P{lacW}Cask03902 and P{lacW}Aac11k06710
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 36C-36C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Suter et al., 1989)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-52.9 (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) 2-52.91
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)	dl
Notes	Mapping based on an estimated four recombinants between dl and BicD out of 4,000.
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\BicD for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated Gene model reviewed during 5.44 Gene model reviewed during 5.45 Stop-codon suppression (UAA) postulated; FBrf0216884. gene_with_stop_codon_read_through ; SO:0000697
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) BicD-RA FBtr0081002  NM_165220   4149   782 BicD-RB FBtr0305688  NM_001259128   3705   750 BicD-RC FBtr0330225  NM_001273601   5361   782 BicD-RD FBtr0330226  NM_001273602   4149   802
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.7, 4.4, 3.8 (northern blot) (Suter et al., 1989) 4.0, 3.6 (northern blot) (Wharton and Struhl, 1989)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein BicD-PA   FBpp0080555   89.0   782   4.81     NP_724056   AAF53616 BicD-PB   FBpp0296968   85.5   750   4.69     NP_001246057   AFH03731 BicD-PC   FBpp0303258   89.0   782   4.81     NP_001260530   AGB93065 BicD-PD   FBpp0303259   91.2   802   4.95     NP_001260531   AGB93066
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	782 (aa); 89 (kD predicted) (Suter et al., 1989, Wharton and Struhl, 1989) 97 (kD) (Suter and Steward, 1991)
Comments	Phosphorylation of BicD protein appears to be essential for accumulation of BicD protein in the oocyte and for oocyte differentiaion. (Suter and Steward, 1991) The predicted amino acid sequence of BicD shows some similarity to the rod region of myosin heavy chain as well as lamin, desmin, keratin, and other intermediate filament proteins. (Suter et al., 1989)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Bicaudal-D protein, microtubule-associated (IPR018477)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201275   AA390293   AA390925   AA391998   AA392863   AA433235   AA439771   AA439801   AA536495   AA538678   AA699209   AA816958   AA941955   AA949018   AA949574   AA949807   AA952266   AE014134 AAF53616   AE014134 AFH03731   AE014134 AGB93065   AE014134 AGB93066   AI108092   AI454995   AI455666   AI455668   AI456211   AI456671   AI511950   AI518928   AI519439   AI532252   AI543116   AW942441   AY069452 AAL39597   BG639630   BI228555   BI234089   BI235310   BI243740   BI352311   BI353891   BI355952   BI366248   BI370410   BI375744   BI483588   BI484747   BI485010   BI578004   BI578596   BT120274   CA804151   CO188975   CO190395   CO265800   CO268997   CO278757   CO280087   CO285071   CO286516   CO294810   CO296355   CO300368   CO302396   CO302491   CO306174   CO307760   CO319183   CO324778   CO325767   CO331092   CO331886   CO333921   CO338027   CO342284   CZ482006   EC057779   EC061408   EC062364   EC075317   EC079199   EC079423   EC083942   EC085467   EC085518   EC089775   EC199278   EC200285   EC201703   EC205063   EC206951   EC208584   EC212311   EC220615   EC222868   EC227425   EC229724   EC233324   EC235308   EC239933   EC245955   EC249328   EC249469   EC260479   EC266179   EV594670   GH928123   M31684 AAA28393   X51652 CAA35964
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P16568
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage & oogenesis   germarium region 1 -- germarium region 3   (Suter and Steward, 1991) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:rapidly degraded pole cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   pole cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   germline cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   anterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) foregut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) hindgut proper primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) posterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) posterior spiracle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as posterior spiracle specific anlage salivary gland body primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) tracheal primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   dorsal head epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic antennal sense organ   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic dorsal epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic epipharynx   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic esophagus   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic foregut   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic head epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic head sensory system   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic hindgut   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic hypopharynx   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic proventriculus   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic ventral epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval dorsal trunk   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval dorsal vessel   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval posterior spiracle   (Fisher et al., 2012) germline cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) adult stage | female   oocyte   (Suter and Steward, 1991) adult stage & oogenesis   oocyte   (Suter and Steward, 1991) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Suter and Steward, 1991) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Suter et al., 1989) organism | ubiquitous   (Suter et al., 1989) embryonic stage | late     (Suter et al., 1989) larval stage & pupal stage     (Suter et al., 1989) pupal stage     (Suter et al., 1989) adult stage | female     (Suter et al., 1989) ovary   (Suter et al., 1989) adult stage | male     (Suter et al., 1989) adult stageoogenesis stage S1 -- S7   oocyte   (Suter et al., 1989) adult stageoogenesis stage S8 -- S10B   oocyte | anterior   (Suter et al., 1989) adult stageoogenesis stage S8 -- S14   nurse cell   (Suter et al., 1989) adult stageoogenesis stage S12 -- S14   organism | ubiquitous   (Suter et al., 1989)
Additional Descriptive Data
	4.4kb BicD transcripts are detected in RNA from adult females, dissected ovaries and early embryos. The maternal transcripts disappear by 4-8hr embryos. The 4.4kb transcript reappears after 8 hours and is present at all stages as well as in adult males. BicD transcripts are observed by in situ hybridization in egg chambers from stage 1-2 onward. Up to stage 7, expression is observed in the oocyte concentrated around the nucleus. From stage 8 on, expression is observed in nurse cells as well. During stages 8-10B, BicD transcripts in the oocyte are localized to the anterior end forming a cap. During the last stages of oogenesis and in early embryogenesis, BicD transcripts are uniformly distributed. (Suter et al., 1989)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Suter and Steward, 1991) adult stage & oogenesis   oocyte   (Suter and Steward, 1991) immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early   organism | ubiquitous   (Wharton and Struhl, 1989) adult stage & oogenesis   cystocyte   (Suter and Steward, 1991) germarium region 1 -- germarium region 3   (Suter and Steward, 1991) oocyte   (Wharton and Struhl, 1989) nurse cell   (Wharton and Struhl, 1989)   germarium region 3 & stage S1 oocyte | posterior   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 1 & germline cyst   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 2b & presumptive oocyte | anterior   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 2a & presumptive oocyte | anterior   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002)
Additional Descriptive Data
	BicD protein is uniformly distributed along the anteroposterior axis in newly laid eggs and young embryos. Most of the protein disappears as the blastoderm forms and gastrulation begins. In ovaries, BicD is detected very early in oogenesis in the newly formed 16-cell clusters. The protein is present throughout the cluster but is higher in the prospective oocyte. the protein becomes concentrated in the oocyte relative to the nurse cells. (Wharton and Struhl, 1989) The BicD and egl proteins, as previously described for the orb protein, accumulate in the presumptive oocyte following fusome disassembly in germarium region 2a during oocyte specification and are relocalized to the posterior of the oocyte between germarium regions 2b and 3 during oocyte polarization. (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) In germarial region 1, all cystocytes stain evenly for BicD. Differential accumulation of the protein can be seen clearly in germarial region 2B and onward with greater amounts in the oocyte. The relative enrichment is much less dramatic than the RNA. In the BicDR26 mutant, protein accumulates in the pro-oocyte at significantly higher levels than in wild type. In BicDr mutants, BicD protein does not localize to the oocyte. FBgn0000183:BicD protein normally accumulates at high levels in the pro-oocyte and persists in the oocyte. This process is affected differently in mutants of FBgn0000183:BicD and eg1@. (Suter and Steward, 1991)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
colocalizes_with clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane inferred from direct assay (Li et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Wharton and Struhl, 1989)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult tissues/organs expressed at moderate levels. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    104.4 Larval Midgut    391.7 Larval Hindgut    417.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    396.9 Larval Fat Body    42.9 Larval Salivary Gland    187.5 Larval Trachea    218.75 Larval Carcass    327.775 Adult Head    115.6 Adult Eye    109.975 Adult Brain    135.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3 Adult Crop    279.1 Adult Midgut    266.1 Adult Hindgut    263.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    219.4 Adult Fat Body    84.4 Adult Salivary Gland    314.2 Adult Heart    274.7 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173 Adult Ovary    436.6 Adult Testis    42.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    242.2 Adult Carcass    91.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    115.6   NA  Eye    109.975   NA  Brain    135.4   104.4  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.3   NA  Crop    279.1   391.7  Midgut    266.1   417.9  Hindgut    263.9   396.9  Malpighian Tubules    219.4   42.9  Fat Body    84.4   187.5  Salivary Gland    314.2   NA  Heart    274.7   218.75  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    156.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    173   NA  Ovary    436.6   NA  Testis    42.7   NA  Male Accessory Gland    242.2   327.775  Carcass    91.4 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae    113 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8  (42) head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male  (29) head, mated 4-day male  (27) head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae  (113) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (73) ovary, mated 4-day female  (60) testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae  (113) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae    113 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae    113 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8  (42) head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male  29 head, mated 4-day male  27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae  (113) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (73) ovary, mated 4-day female  (60) testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae  113 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    42 head, virgin 1-day female    18 head, virgin 4-day female    16 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    17 head, mated 4-day female    16 head, mated 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day male    29 head, mated 4-day male    27 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    14 salivary gland, white prepupae    113 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    17 digestive system, 1-day adult    15 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    7 fat body, pupae P8    20 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    10 carcass, 4-day adult    12 carcass, 20-day adult    11 ovary, virgin 4-day female    73 ovary, mated 4-day female    60 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (58) embryo 02-04hr  (34) embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr  (29) embryo 14-16hr  (28) embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr  (27) larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP  (31) pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day  (44) adult female 30day  (41) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (58) embryo 02-04hr  (34) embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr  29 embryo 14-16hr  28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr  27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP  31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day  (44) adult female 30day  (41) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    12 embryo 06-08hr    9 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    29 embryo 14-16hr    28 embryo 16-18hr    24 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    24 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    15 larva L2    20 larva L3 12hr old    11 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    21 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    31 pupae 3d postWPP    16 pupae 4d postWPP    10 adult male 01day    14 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    25 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    41 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1  (31) embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (28) tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1  31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    12 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    10 leg disc CME L1    13 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    16 wing disc ML-DmD21    13 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    17 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    12 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    17 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    28 tumorous blood cells mbn2    17 ovary fGS/OSS    25 ovary OSC    20 ovary OSS    19 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (31) cold shock, 4-day adult  (28) heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (41) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (35) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (36) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (32) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  31 cold shock, 4-day adult  28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (41) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (35) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (36) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    31 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    35 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    36 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_26 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_03
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD17129 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000183 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6605-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for BicD Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | dominant | maternal effect BicD1 BicD2 lethal | P-stage (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 lethal | recessive BicDr5 BicDr6 BicDr7 BicDr8 BicDr9 BicDr10 BicDr11 partially lethal - majority die | embryonic stage BicDD viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 BicDGD11974 Sterility Allele female fertile BicDSu66 female semi-sterile BicDH2 female sterile BicDR26 BicDr female sterile | recessive BicDR26 BicDr male fertile BicDr Other Phenotypes Allele locomotor behavior defective (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 neurophysiology defective (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 uncoordinated BicDr5 BicDr6 BicDr7 BicDr8 BicDr9 BicDr10 BicDr11 wild-type BicDT:Avic\GFP-S65T Phenotype manifest in Allele border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4upd BicDGD11974 BicDKK100487 centrosome BicDr5 chorion BicDH4 BicDnull BicDr chorion, with BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 chorion, with BicDH2 BicDH1 BicDR26 chorion, with BicDH3 BicDH1 BicDR26 chorion, with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 BicDR26 chorion, with BicDR26 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 chorion, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH1 BicDr5 chorion, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH2 BicDr5 chorion, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 chorion (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH1 BicDr5 chorion (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH2 BicDr5 chorion (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 cystocyte | germline clone BicDr5 dorsal appendage BicDH4 BicDR26 BicDr BicDr8 dorsal appendage, with BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 dorsal appendage, with BicDH2 BicDH1 BicDR26 dorsal appendage, with BicDH3 BicDH1 BicDR26 dorsal appendage, with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 BicDR26 dorsal appendage, with BicDR26 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 dorsal appendage, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH1 BicDr5 dorsal appendage, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH2 BicDr5 dorsal appendage, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH3 BicDr5 dorsal appendage, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 dorsal appendage (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH1 BicDr5 dorsal appendage (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH2 BicDr5 dorsal appendage (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH3 BicDr5 dorsal appendage (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 egg BicDH1 BicDH4 BicDnull egg, with BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 egg, with BicDH2 BicDH1 BicDR26 egg, with BicDH3 BicDH1 BicDR26 egg, with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 BicDR26 egg, with BicDR26 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 egg, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH1 BicDr5 egg, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDH2 BicDr5 egg, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 egg (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH1 BicDr5 egg (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDH2 BicDr5 egg (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDr5 BicDH1 BicDH2 egg chamber BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDR26 BicDr BicDr10 BicDr11 BicDr5 BicDr6 BicDr7 BicDr8 BicDr9 egg chamber | cell non-autonomous | germline clone BicDr5 embryo BicD1 embryo | anterior BicDunspecified embryo | anterior (with BicD1) BicD2 embryo | anterior (with BicD2) BicD1 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle BicDD embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 embryonic/larval optic stalk BicDr5 embryonic/larval somatic muscle (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 embryonic abdomen | anterior BicDD embryonic abdomen | ectopic | posterior BicDD embryonic head BicD1 BicD2 BicDD embryonic neuroblast, with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1, Df(2L)TW119 BicDR26 embryonic neuroblast, with BicDR26, Df(2L)TW119 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 embryonic neuroblast, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDR26 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 embryonic neuroblast (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 BicDR26 embryonic neuroblast & spindle, with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1, Df(2L)TW119 BicDR26 embryonic neuroblast & spindle, with BicDR26, Df(2L)TW119 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 embryonic neuroblast & spindle, with Df(2L)TW119/BicDR26 BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 embryonic neuroblast & spindle (with Df(2L)TW119), with BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 BicDR26 embryonic thorax BicD1 BicD2 follicle cell BicDH1 follicle cell | germline clone BicDr5 germarium region 2a BicDr5 germline cyst BicDR26 BicDr hemocyte BicD1 lipid droplet, with Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 BicDScer\UAS.P\T.T:Zzzz\FLAG.T:Zzzz\His6 macrophage (with BicD1) BicD2 macrophage (with BicD2) BicD1 microtubule organizing center & oocyte BicDH1 BicDH2 NMJ bouton (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 nurse cell ring canal BicDr10 BicDr11 BicDr5 BicDr6 BicDr7 BicDr8 BicDr9 oocyte BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDR26 BicDr oocyte nucleus BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 ovariole BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 ovary BicDH1 BicDH2 BicDH3 BicDR26 BicDr photoreceptor cell & nucleus (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 photoreceptor cell | precursor & nucleus BicDr pole cell BicD2 pole granule BicD2 presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system (with BicD1) BicD2 presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system (with BicD2) BicD1 retina BicDr5 synaptic vesicle (with Df(2L)TW119) BicDr5 synaptonemal complex BicDR26 synaptonemal complex | ectopic BicDR26 synaptonemal complex | germline clone BicDr5
Classical Alleles ( 19 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of BicD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion BicD1 ethyl methanesulfonate 5 Yes BicDr5 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes BicD2 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes BicDe04258 piggyBac transposase 1 -- BicDnull amorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 -- BicDr10 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDr11 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDr6 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDr7 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDr8 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDr9 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicD7197R 0 -- BicDCPTI003522 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes BicDD 0 -- BicDR26 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence X ray 0 Yes BicDR29 0 -- BicDr loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes BicDSu66 0 Yes BicDunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 50 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of BicD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion BicDGD11974 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes BicDGL00325 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes BicDHM05057 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes BicDHMS02622 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes BicDKK100487 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes BicD+m4 in vitro construct - minigene 0 Yes BicD+mKa in vitro construct - minigene 0 Yes BicDA40V.S103A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDA40V.S103D in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDA40V.S103F in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDA40V in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDcBa in vitro construct 0 -- BicDH1 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes BicDH2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes BicDH3 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes BicDH4 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes BicDHA40.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDhs.PS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes BicDK730M.tub.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDmultiple in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDNIG.6605R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes BicDS103A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS103D in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS103F in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS109A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS14A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS14D in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS186A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS285A.S288A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS285A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS288A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS305A.S310A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS305A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS310A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS310D in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS33A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS34A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS36A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS39A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS45A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS51A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDS84A in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes BicDScer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDScer\UAS.P\T.T:Zzzz\FLAG.T:Zzzz\His6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDT:Avic\GFP-S65T in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDtub.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDtub.T:MS2\MCP in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes BicDαTub.C.T:Saur\A in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDαTub.N.T:Saur\A in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes BicDΔC.tub.T:MS2\MCP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)BSC148 (Christensen and Cook, 2006.3.8) Df(2L)Exel7068 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)H20 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) Df(2L)H68 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)M36F18 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)qua1374 (Mahajan-Miklos and Cooley, 1994) Df(2L)T317 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW119 (Caldwell et al., 2007, Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, Li et al., 1994, Fitzpatrick et al., 1995, Digilio et al., 1996) Df(2L)TW137 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)M36F-S5 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) Df(2L)TW201 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW202 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW203 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW330 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)VA18 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD11974} NA P{KK100487} NA P{NIG.6605R} NA P{TRiP.GL00325} NA P{TRiP.HM05057} NA P{TRiP.HMS02622} NA P{UASp-BicD.eGFP} NA P{UASp-BicD.FLAG.His6} NA heat-shock construct P{hsBic-D.scs} NA characterization construct P{BicD::GFP.P} NA P{BicD.4} NA P{BicD.H1} NA P{BicD.H2} NA P{BicD.H3} NA P{BicD.H4} NA P{BicD.HA40} NA P{BicD+mKa} NA P{BicDA40V.S103A} NA P{BicDA40V.S103D} NA P{BicDA40V.S103F} NA P{BicDA40V} NA P{BicDmultiple} NA P{BicDS14A} NA P{BicDS14D} NA P{BicDS33A} NA P{BicDS34A} NA P{BicDS36A} NA P{BicDS39A} NA P{BicDS45A} NA P{BicDS51A} NA P{BicDS84A} NA P{BicDS103A} NA P{BicDS103D} NA P{BicDS103F} NA P{BicDS109A} NA P{BicDS186A} NA P{BicDS285A.S288A} NA P{BicDS285A} NA P{BicDS288A} NA P{BicDS305A.S310A} NA P{BicDS305A} NA P{BicDS310A} NA P{BicDS310D} NA P{tub-BicD.CP} NA P{tub-BicD.EGFP} NA P{tub-BicD.K730M.EGFP} NA P{tub-BicD.ΔC.CP} NA P{αTub-BicD.C.ProtA} NA P{αTub-BicD.N.ProtA} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH0715SH0715 No miscellaneous insertions PBac{768.FSVS-0}BicDCPTI003522 NA PBac{RB}BicDe04258 NA insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}BicDd07121 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 25 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 15 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
clathrin heavy chain binding inferred from physical interaction with Chc (Li et al., 2010) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with Rab6 (Coutelis and Ephrussi, 2007)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cellular macromolecule localization inferred from mutant phenotype (Wharton and Struhl, 1989) germarium-derived egg chamber formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Oh and Steward, 2001) germarium-derived oocyte fate determination inferred from mutant phenotype (Suter and Steward, 1991) intracellular mRNA localization inferred from mutant phenotype (Hughes et al., 2004) mRNA transport inferred from direct assay (Delanoue and Davis, 2005) inferred from mutant phenotype (Bullock et al., 2006) oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization inferred from mutant phenotype (Oh and Steward, 2001) oogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) positive regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis inferred from mutant phenotype (Li et al., 2010) positive regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis inferred from mutant phenotype (Li et al., 2010) RNA transport inferred from mutant phenotype (Clark et al., 2007) synaptic vesicle endocytosis inferred from genetic interaction with endoA (Li et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
colocalizes_with clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane inferred from direct assay (Li et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Wharton and Struhl, 1989)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 13 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
dynein binding non-traceable author statement (Cohen, 2002) NOT mRNA binding non-traceable author statement (Tekotte and Davis, 2002)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell differentiation non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1) NOT germarium-derived female germ-line cyst formation non-traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) germarium-derived oocyte fate determination traceable author statement (Sardet et al., 2002, Mahowald, 2001, Deng and Lin, 2001) intracellular mRNA localization traceable author statement (Tekotte and Davis, 2002) oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) oocyte axis specification traceable author statement (Sardet et al., 2002) oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization traceable author statement (Johnstone and Lasko, 2001, Deng and Lin, 2001) oocyte nucleus migration involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification traceable author statement (Cooperstock and Lipshitz, 1997) oogenesis non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1) traceable author statement (Manheim et al., 2002)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Golgi apparatus inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR018477 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_stop_codon_read_through (Jungreis et al., 2011) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
BicD - CG10681 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG10996 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG12576 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG13567 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG14786 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) BicD - CG3919 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG43897 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG6123 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG7048 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG7146 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG7686 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CG9114 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - CanA1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Df31 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Dsor1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - E(spl)m7-HLH anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - E(spl)mδ-HLH anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - GABPI anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Hakai anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Irp-1A anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Moca-cyp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - Upf1 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) BicD - ana2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - eIF-2α anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - fs(1)K10 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - metro anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - pav experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) BicD - sc anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - twe anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) BicD - yellow-f2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions BicD allele Gene References BicDD egl (Mach and Lehmann, 1997) BicDr5 msn (Houalla et al., 2005) BicDR26 kst (Nguyen and Suter, 1997) BicDr fs(1)186 (Swan et al., 2001) Gl (Swan et al., 1999) kst (Nguyen and Suter, 1997, Nguyen, 1997.4.17) Lis-1 (Swan et al., 1999) BicDunspecified smg (Dahanukar et al., 1999) vas (Liang et al., 1994) unspecified bic   egl (Mach and Lehmann, 1992) grk (Swan and Suter, 1996) mael (Bryant et al., 1997) polo (Mirouse et al., 2006) RpII140 (Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61047 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000183 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 35051
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (32) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG60P4S8 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6QRHC5 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG60CGCJ Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG60K6F9 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6ZH25X
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG60P4S8)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\BicD     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD21867 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM17126 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG21744 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13133 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF15102 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA25116 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15959 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK23914 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ17271 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI15332 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH10240 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6QRHC5)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL004936   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP010206   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ012635
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG60CGCJ)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB42781   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG014060   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH14108   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP27257   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO15650   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18310   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH15019   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB22290   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV22899   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI005673   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA012641   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA012640   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM370610   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\BicD
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG60K6F9)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\Ccdc23   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW004355
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6ZH25X)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\bicd-1
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD21867 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM17126 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG21744 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE13133 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF15102 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA25116 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL15959 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK23914 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ17271 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI15332 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH10240
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 16 )
Bloomington	4553 BicDr5 cn1/CyO 2988 dpov1 b1 BicD1/CyO 3352 b1 BicD1 tor1 cn1/CyO 3243 BicD2 cn1 tud1 bw1/CyO 35405 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GL00325}attP2
Harvard	- PBac{RB}BicDe04258
Kyoto	107793 BicDr5 cn1/CyO 107510 dpov1 b1 BicD1/CyO 106938 BicD2 cn1 tud1 bw1/CyO
VDRC	v108084 P{KK100487}VIE-260B v27683 w1118; P{GD11974}v27683 v27684 w1118; P{GD11974}v27684
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR07M13 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 94 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD17129
Other clones	MIP17093
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH06829 GM18774 GM25492 LD02687 LD03014 LD04210 LD10951 LD11763 LD11994 LD14426 LD14466 LD18262 LD21874 LD27316 LD27755 LD28431 LD29378 LD29835 LD35304 LD35306 LD36082 LD36770 LD39041 LD43534 RE26127 RE29728 RE31141 RE37020 RE41462 RE51746 RE56919 RE63615 RE66505 RE67894 RE68238 RE71791 RE72482 SD09722
Other clones	5078 15332 33253 39252 52712 53966 55114 55841 56002 58630 69871 75002 80399 147198 149481 173198 194633 214257.29 274321 283387 569882 AA433235 CK01.49A.F11 CK01.50A.D12 CK01.59B.F7 CK01.122A.F6 Dmel_neb_013236_0629_3301 EK042624 EK048024 EK063036 EK093255 EK131443 EK143659 EK152427 EK168131 EK178038 EK184054 EK184257 EK194825 EK197421 EK207729 EK213442 EK250430 EK255533 EK276512 EK298010 EK301930 EK308339 EN15814 EP14363 ESG0112b.B21_D04 HL07939 RP003421942 SD03679
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000183 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35051
Antibody Information
	monoclonal (Suter and Steward, 1991) polyclonal (Wharton and Struhl, 1989)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: BicD CG6605 (Zhong, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: BicD anon-EST:fe2A11 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.11.2)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	BicD is required for the rapid transport of grk, bcd AND osk RNAs from nurse cells to the oocyte by a mechanism distinct from the general flow of cytoplasm from nurse cells to oocyte. (Clark et al., 2007) BicD promotes the iniation of rapid minus-end directed movement of mRNAs along microtubules. (Bullock et al., 2006) BicD mediates the apical localisation of insc mRNA in embryonic neuroblasts. (Hughes et al., 2004) par-1 appears to act on the cytoskeleton to affect polarisation within the oocyte in conjunction with BicD, egl and dynein. (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) BicD is required for the formation of and cytoskeletal organisation of the egg chamber. (Oh and Steward, 2001) None of the cells in the female germline cyst form synaptonemal complex in BicD null mutants. (Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000) Only deletion of the C-terminal heptad repeat results in a BicD protein that has lost zygotic and ovarian functions. Deletion of any other of the heptad repeats results in a protein with full zygotic function but affected ovarian function. The functional importance of each domain is well correlated with its conservation in evolution. Yeast two hybrid assays show that BicD forms homodimers. BicD exists as a multimeric protein complex consisting of egl and at least two BicD monomers. (Oh et al., 2000) egl protein colocalises with BicD protein to the oocyte in three stages that correlate with the stepwise polarization of the oocyte. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that both proteins are part of a protein complex. Results propose that the egl-BicD protein complex links microtubule polarity and RNA transport. During early oogenesis the complex is required to transport factors promoting oocyte differentiation; during later stages the complex directs the sorting of RNA molecules required for anterior-posterior and dorsoventral patterning of the embryo. (Mach and Lehmann, 1997) BicD is required for oocyte growth and both dorsoventral and anterior-posterior patterning of the egg chamber. Results also provide evidence for a prepatterning of follicle cell fates independent of the underlying oocyte. (Swan and Suter, 1996) Anterior localisation of RNA during oogenesis is very sensitive to microtubule inhibitors, taxol and other microtubule depolymerising agents. These results, together with colchicine treatment studies, demonstrate that microtubules are required for RNA transport to the oocyte. (Pokrywka and Stephenson, 1995) Different processes in early oogenesis require different amounts of BicD activity in a process-specific way and certain later processes can proceed at low levels of BicD. (Ran et al., 1994) Recessive mutations at egl and BicD, and microtubule assembly inhibitors, disrupt the formation and maintenance of the single polarized microtubule cytoskeleton that connects the oocyte to the 15 nurse cells at the time the oocyte is determined. (Theurkauf et al., 1993) Alleles of egl and BicD were used to show that the differentiation of an oocyte is required for maintainance but not establishment of follicle polarity. (Bohrmann et al., 1992) BicD,osk, BicD,vas and BicD,nos embryos suppress all abdominal development: osk, vas and nos genes are critical for the normal and ectopic presence of the posterior signal. (Lehmann and Nusslein-Volhard, 1991) Mutations in maternal anterior class gene BicD interact with RpII140wimp. (Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) The BicD locus affects early oogenesis: mutations cause the production of few, defective germ cells. (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) Cell biological and genetic evidence suggest that transport of determinants from cystocytes to the pro-oocyte is essential for oocyte determination. Phosphorylation of the BicD protein is essential for its accumulation in the pro-oocyte and this process leads to the gradual localization to the pro-oocyte of the factors required for oocyte differentiation. BicD expression patterns were investigated in egl embryos to determine the relationship between BicD and egl. (Suter and Steward, 1991) In embryos derived from BicD mutant females bcd transcripts localized at the anterior are subjected to ectopic nos activity. (Wharton and Struhl, 1991) In double mutants BicD, fs(1)N12 all abdominal segments are transformed to the eighth abdominal segment. (Degelmann et al., 1990) Mature follicles are immunologically stained for asymmetric distribution of ecdysteroid-related antigen. During late oogenesis localisation of the antigen changes dramatically suggesting the antigen plays a role in early embryogenesis and, perhaps, in pattern formation. (Grau and Gutzeit, 1990) BicD embryos that have abdominal determinants incorrectly localized to the anterior pole do not show ectopic vas localization. Abdominal development in the anterior depends on the level of vas protein in the embryo. (Hay et al., 1990) Mutations at BicD have no effect on vas protein expression. (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) Mohler and Wieschaus describe a polygenic strain, designated YC67 that parallels the behavior of BicD in all respects except that it is unmappable.   A maternal-effect semi-lethal; substantial numbers of embryos produced by BicD/+ mothers give rise to normal larvae; the remainder fail to hatch and vary in phenotype. The array of phenotypes encountered is the same as that produced by BicC/+ females. The incidence and severity of abnormal embryos vary with genetic background and temperature, the incidence being highest at 18oC and decreasing at higher temperatures. BicD homozygotes, either homoallelic or heteroallelic and BicC/BicD heterozygotes are female fertile, although producing eggs with fused or reduced chorionic appendages; the majority of their embryos are abnormal and the influence of temperature, if any, obscure. BicD/+/+ duplication-bearing females produce few if any abnormal embryos, whereas BicD/Df(2L)TW119 females produce more abnormal embryos than BicD/+, i.e., with respect to the severity of phenotype, BicD/0 > BicD/+ > BicD/+/+; however, simply a deficiency of BicD product does not account for the abnormal phenotype, since embryos produced by females carrying one dose of BicD+ over a deficiency develop normally. Embryos produced by homozygous BicD females display symmetrical patterns of cad+ polypeptide distribution during early development (Mlodzik and Gehring, 1987). Abnormal embryo production by BicD/+ females enhanced by the heterozygosity for the mutant allele of or deficiency for l(2)49; Mohler and Wieschaus (1986) speculate that l(2)49 is an allele of bic In addition, eg, stau, tor, and trk, maternal-effect mutants that affect early anterior but not posterior development, act as dominant enhancer of BicD; other maternal-effect mutants ineffective. Bicaudal embryos exhibit nanos protein at both anterior and posterior poles and the absence of hunchback protein in both ends of the embryo; embryos produced by BicD1/BicD2;osk/osk females do not express nos; display a burst of anterior, bcd-dependent hb expression not seen in bicaudal embryos, which is correlated with a dramatic expansion of kni expression (abdominal) and failure to express Kr (thorax and anterior abdomen). BicD expressed early in oogenesis; in wild type, protein first appears in the cytoplasm of all cells in 16-cell cysts in the middle of the germarium; upon entering the vitellarium, protein begins to accumulate in the oocyte and continues to do so for as long as observations are possible. The early embryos produced by such females show uniform distribution of BicD protein, which becomes localized to the cortical cytoplasm at blastoderm formation; anterior-to-posterior distribution remains uniform. Protein disappears at gastrulation. In BicD1/BicD2 females protein accumulation in the oocyte is precocious and greater than normal and the adjacent nurse cells may become visibly depleted; in the embryo, the protein appears to be concentrated as a cap over the anterior third and uniformly less concentrated in the remainder of the embryo. BicDR26 females display extreme concentration of product in the presumptive oocyte and virtually none in the nurse cells; however, the presumptive oocyte never develops as an oocyte but remains nurse-cell like until the cyst degenerates.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_165220 NM_001259128 NM_001273601 NM_001273602 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_724056 NP_001246057 NP_001260530 NP_001260531 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA433235 AA536495 AAA28393 AAF53616 AAL39597 AFH03731 AGB93065 AGB93066 AW942441 AY069452 CAA35964 CZ482006 M31684 X51652 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 35051 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P16568
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Bicaudal-D protein, microtubule-associated (IPR018477) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD17129
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61047 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000183 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000183 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000183 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6605-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000183 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35051 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /cytoskel/bicauld1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 35051 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000183
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	anon-EST:fe2A11   BicD (Meinhardt, 1988) BicD (Barbosa et al., 2007, Jenny et al., 2006, Delanoue and Davis, 2005, Bullock et al., 2006, Bullock et al., 2006, Starr and Fischer, 2005, Shapiro and Anderson, 2006, Mirouse et al., 2006, Navarro et al., 2004, Nurminsky, 2007, Sofola et al., 2007, Clark et al., 2007, Papoulas et al., 2005, Assa-Kunik et al., 2007, Lecuyer et al., 2007, Shav-Tal and Singer, 2005, Jungreis et al., 2011, Delanoue et al., 2007, Januschke et al., 2007, Sinka et al., 2008, Larsen et al., 2008, Walthall et al., 2007, Maybeck and Röper, 2009, Koch et al., 2009, Dienstbier et al., 2009, Navarro et al., 2009, Li et al., 2010, Lewandowski et al., 2010, Orsi et al., 2010, Van De Bor et al., 2011, Bianco et al., 2010, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011, Urwyler et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) Bic-D (Houalla et al., 2005, Koch et al., 2005, Horabin et al., 2003, Houalla et al., 2004, Sardet et al., 2002, Johnstone and Lasko, 2001, Vied and Horabin, 2001, Oh and Steward, 2001, Cox et al., 2001, Swan et al., 2001, Munn and Steward, 2000, Pare and Suter, 2000, Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000, Oh et al., 2000, Swan et al., 1999, Stuurman et al., 1999, Tan and Schedl, 1999, Swan et al., 1999, Oh and Steward, 1999, Gonzalez-Reyes and St. Johnston, 1998, de Cuevas and Spradling, 1998, Styhler et al., 1998, Pare and Suter, 1998, Oh and Steward, 1998, Hortsch et al., 1998, Capri et al., 1997, Baens and Marynen, 1997, McGrail and Hays, 1997, Nguyen, 1997.4.17, Li and Kaufman, 1996, Pare and Suter, 1997, Nguyen and Suter, 1997, Hijal et al., 1997, Oh and Steward, 1997, Chang-Swain and Schedl, 1997, Nakamura et al., 1996, Swan and Suter, 1996, Grunert and St. Johnston, 1996, Anonymous, 1993, Digilio et al., 1996, Micklem, 1995, Chang-Swain and Schedl, 1996, Baksa and Steward, 1995, Sonnenfeld and Jacobs, 1995, McGrail et al., 1995, Heino et al., 1995, Mahone et al., 1995, Sass et al., 1995, Pokrywka and Stephenson, 1995, Lasko, 1992, Theurkauf, 1994, Knowles and Cooley, 1994, Ran et al., 1994, Lin et al., 1994, Theurkauf et al., 1993, Theurkauf et al., 1993, St. Johnston, 1993, Lantz et al., 1992, Akiyama and Okada, 1992, Lehmann, 1992, Ephrussi et al., 1991, Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986, Houalla and Rao, 2007, Coutelis and Ephrussi, 2007, McCaffrey et al., 2006, Walthall et al., 2007, Ozdowski et al., 2009, Kugler et al., 2010, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011, Zhao et al., 2012) BIC-D (Liu et al., 2003, Cox et al., 2001) BICD (Sofola et al., 2007) CG6605 (Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) unnamed (Schmid and Tautz, 1997)
Name Synonym	anon-fast-evolving-2A11   Bicaudal-D (Berg, 2005, Lopez-Schier, 2003, Murthy and Schwarz, 2004, Bullock et al., 2006, Navarro et al., 2004, Shav-Tal and Singer, 2005, Koch et al., 2009, Dienstbier et al., 2009, Li et al., 2010, Boylan et al., 2008, Bianco et al., 2010, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011) Bicaudal D   BicaudalD (Sinka et al., 2008, Larsen et al., 2008) bicaudal D (Dimitri et al., 2003) Bicuadal-D (Walthall et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0025237
References ( 267 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 267 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 137 ) Supplementary material  ( 10 ) Review  ( 52 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 18 ) Abstract  ( 40 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 4 )
	Urwyler et al., 2012, Biol. Open 1(10): 994--1005 Drosophila sosie functions with β(H)-Spectrin and actin organizers in cell migration, epithelial morphogenesis and cortical stability. [FBrf0220121] Zhao et al., 2012, Science 336(6084): 999--1003 Growing microtubules push the oocyte nucleus to polarize the Drosophila dorsal-ventral axis. [FBrf0218447] Van De Bor et al., 2011, Development 138(7): 1383--1393 Asymmetric localisation of cytokine mRNA is essential for JAK/STAT activation during cell invasiveness. [FBrf0213214] Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 357(2): 404--418 Pabp binds to the osk 3'UTR and specifically contributes to osk mRNA stability and oocyte accumulation. [FBrf0214798] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...