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Gene Dmel\brn

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\brn	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	brainiac	Annotation symbol	CG4934
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000221
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	6 publicly available
Also Known As	fs(1)107, l(1)6P6
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-5.9
Cytogenetic map	4A5-4A5	Sequence location	X:3,998,377..3,999,824 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene brainiac is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\brn (CG4934, FBgn0000221). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: beta-1,4-mannosylglycolipid beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity; acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process; morphogenesis of follicular epithelium; ovarian follicle cell-cell adhesion; border follicle cell migration; maintenance of polarity of follicular epithelium; germarium-derived egg chamber formation; optic lobe placode formation; ovarian follicle cell development. 8 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: follicle cell; dorsal appendage; ovary; lamina plexus. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Glycosyl transferase, family 31. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1625107_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of brn. Gene sequence location is X:3998377..3999824.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	fs(1)A107 Development ceases late in embryogenesis.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2011_10
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN45527 HFA18746 BKN23366
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 4A5-4A5   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG2930EP1352 and P{EP}EP425
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 4B1-4B1     (Goode, 1995.11.28) 4B-4B     (Goode et al., 1996) 4B2-4B2   Determined by deficiency mapping (details unspecified).   (Swan et al., 2001)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-5.9 (Goode et al., 1992)
Left of (cM)	rg (Goode et al., 1992)
Right of (cM)	ec (Goode et al., 1992)
Notes	brnl.6P6 mapped to 6.1 with respect to ec and 5.7 with respect to rg. (Goode et al., 1992)
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\brn for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) brn-RA FBtr0070638  NM_057553   1448   325
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.3 (northern blot) (Goode et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein brn-PA   FBpp0070606   37.6   325   7.73     NP_476901   AAF45918
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	325 (aa) (Goode et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Glycosyl transferase, family 31 (IPR002659)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA391264   AE014298 AAF45918   AL033125 CAA21833   AW942136   AY070536 AAL48007   BE976106   BF489236   BF500198   BI238326   BI238354   BT021250 AAX33398   CO177524   EC207091   U41449 AAA85211
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q24157
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Goode et al., 1996) adult stage     (Goode et al., 1996) adult stage & oogenesis   germarium | restricted   (Goode et al., 1996) oogenesis     (Goode et al., 1996)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Northern analysis shows that brn is expressed in ovaries, in adult males and females, and throughout embryogenesis. In situ analysis of oogenesis shows that the expression of brn begins in germ cells in germarium region 2a, at the time when follicle cells first surround the nurse cell-oocyte complex. brn expression continues uniformly until oocyte stage S10A, when transcript levels in oocytes and nurse cells increase sharply. (Goode et al., 1996)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0000221    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0000221 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000221 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (1676) embryo 02-04hr  (1203) embryo 04-06hr  (1103) embryo 06-08hr  (872) embryo 08-10hr  (806) embryo 10-12hr  (712) embryo 12-14hr  (454) embryo 14-16hr  (478) embryo 16-18hr  (257) embryo 18-20hr  (223) embryo 20-22hr  (259) embryo 22-24hr  (235) larva L1  (335) larva L2  (294) larva L3 12hr old  (285) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (315) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (396) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (424) white prepupae new  (435) white prepupae 12hr  (613) white prepupae 24hr  (545) pupae 2d postWPP  (423) pupae 3d postWPP  (231) pupae 4d postWPP  (283) adult male 01day  (351) adult male 05day  (490) adult male 30day  (488) adult female 01day  (555) adult female 05day  (769) adult female 30day  (960) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (1676) embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000221 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (1676) embryo 02-04hr  (1203) embryo 04-06hr  (1103) embryo 06-08hr  (872) embryo 08-10hr  (806) embryo 10-12hr  (712) embryo 12-14hr  (454) embryo 14-16hr  (478) embryo 16-18hr  (257) embryo 18-20hr  (223) embryo 20-22hr  (259) embryo 22-24hr  (235) larva L1  (335) larva L2  (294) larva L3 12hr old  (285) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (315) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (396) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (424) white prepupae new  (435) white prepupae 12hr  (613) white prepupae 24hr  (545) pupae 2d postWPP  (423) pupae 3d postWPP  (231) pupae 4d postWPP  (283) adult male 01day  (351) adult male 05day  (490) adult male 30day  (488) adult female 01day  (555) adult female 05day  (769) adult female 30day  (960) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1676 embryo 02-04hr    1203 embryo 04-06hr    1103 embryo 06-08hr    872 embryo 08-10hr    806 embryo 10-12hr    712 embryo 12-14hr    454 embryo 14-16hr    478 embryo 16-18hr    257 embryo 18-20hr    223 embryo 20-22hr    259 embryo 22-24hr    235 larva L1    335 larva L2    294 larva L3 12hr old    285 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    315 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    396 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    424 white prepupae new    435 white prepupae 12hr    613 white prepupae 24hr    545 pupae 2d postWPP    423 pupae 3d postWPP    231 pupae 4d postWPP    283 adult male 01day    351 adult male 05day    490 adult male 30day    488 adult female 01day    555 adult female 05day    769 adult female 30day    960 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0000221    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0000221 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000221 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000221 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    31.775 Larval Midgut    37 Larval Hindgut    28.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    31.6 Larval Fat Body    28.9 Larval Salivary Gland    37.3 Larval Trachea    60.6 Larval Carcass    30.275 Adult Head    25.9 Adult Eye    38.75 Adult Brain    37.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5 Adult Crop    25 Adult Midgut    40.6 Adult Hindgut    25.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    26.8 Adult Fat Body    20.7 Adult Salivary Gland    49.4 Adult Heart    24.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    25 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6 Adult Ovary    49.3 Adult Testis    37.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    59.9 Adult Carcass    33.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    25.9   NA  Eye    38.75   NA  Brain    37.4   31.775  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    61.5   NA  Crop    25   37  Midgut    40.6   28.6  Hindgut    25.9   31.6  Malpighian Tubules    26.8   28.9  Fat Body    20.7   37.3  Salivary Gland    49.4   NA  Heart    24.975   60.6  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    25   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    31.6   NA  Ovary    49.3   NA  Testis    37.4   NA  Male Accessory Gland    59.9   30.275  Carcass    33.8 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_06
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000221 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4934-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage | rescuable maternal effect brnfs.107 brnl.6P6 lethal | embryonic stage | rescuable maternal effect | cold sensitive brnfs.107 lethal | maternal effect | recessive brnl.6P6 lethal | neurogenic brnfs.107 brnl.6P6 lethal | pupal stage brnl.6P6 lethal | recessive brn198 brn228 brnl.6P6 lethal | recessive | heat sensitive brn228 lethal | rescuable maternal effect (with brn198) brnfs.107 lethal | rescuable maternal effect (with brn228) brnfs.107 lethal | rescuable maternal effect (with brnfs.107) brn198 brn228 Sterility Allele female sterile brnl.6P6 Other Phenotypes Allele neuroanatomy defective brnl.6P6 Phenotype manifest in Allele dorsal appendage brnfs.107 brnl.6P6 dorsal appendage | cold sensitive brnfs.107 follicle cell brnfs.107 brnl.6P6 follicle cell (with brnfs.107) brnl.6P6 follicle cell (with brnl.6P6) brnfs.107 germline cell | female brn228 germline cell | female (with brn198) brn228 germline cell | female (with brn228) brn198 lamina plexus brnl.6P6 ovary brn228 photoreceptor cell R1 & axon brnl.6P6 photoreceptor cell R2 & axon brnl.6P6 photoreceptor cell R3 & axon brnl.6P6 photoreceptor cell R4 & axon brnl.6P6 photoreceptor cell R5 & axon brnl.6P6 photoreceptor cell R6 & axon brnl.6P6
Classical Alleles ( 5 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of brn Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion brnfs.107 2 -- brn228 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- brnG180 P-element activity 1 -- brn198 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- brnl.6P6 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of brn Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion brnGD3532 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes brncGa in vitro construct 0 Yes brnScer\UAS.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)BSC868 (Cook et al., 2010.2.17) Df(1)BSC869 (Cook et al., 2010.2.17) Df(1)BSC877 (Cook and Cook, 2010.5.7) Df(1)BSC886 (Cook and Cook, 2010.5.7) Df(1)HC244 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)HF366 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb1 (Oliver et al., 1988, Goode et al., 1996) Df(1)rb33 (Goode et al., 1992, Goode, 1997) Df(1)rb47 (Oliver et al., 1988)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)bi-D2 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)C149 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)choL1 (Goode et al., 1996) Df(1)GA56 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)GA102 (Oliver et al., 1988, Goode et al., 1992) Df(1)JC70 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)N73 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)ovo6 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)ovo7 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb13 (Oliver et al., 1988) Df(1)rb46 (Oliver et al., 1988, Goode et al., 1992, Goode et al., 1996) Df(1)RC40 (Oliver et al., 1988)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;2)w+64b (Goode et al., 1992) Dp(1;3)DC114 (Popodi et al., 2010-)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD3532} NA P{UAS-brn.M} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}brnG180 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 17 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity inferred from direct assay (Muller et al., 2002) beta-1,4-mannosylglycolipid beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity inferred from direct assay (Muller et al., 2002, Schwientek et al., 2002)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
border follicle cell migration inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996) germarium-derived egg chamber formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996) glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process inferred from direct assay (Schwientek et al., 2002) maintenance of polarity of follicular epithelium inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996) morphogenesis of follicular epithelium inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996) optic lobe placode formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Fan et al., 2005) ovarian follicle cell-cell adhesion inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996) ovarian follicle cell development inferred from mutant phenotype (Goode et al., 1996)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity traceable author statement (Wilson, 2002) galactosyltransferase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002659 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process traceable author statement (Wilson, 2002) gurken receptor signaling pathway non-traceable author statement (Muller et al., 2002) Notch signaling pathway traceable author statement (Muller et al., 2002) oogenesis non-traceable author statement (Muller et al., 2002, Schwientek et al., 2002) ovarian follicle cell development traceable author statement (Dobens and Raftery, 2000) protein glycosylation inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002659 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
extracellular region inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goode et al., 1996) membrane inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002659 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions brn allele Gene References brnfs.107 da (Smith et al., 2002) brnl.6P6 da (Smith et al., 2002) grk (Goode et al., 1996) unspecified egh (Fan et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57876 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000221 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000221 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31358
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF20775 Dere\GG18691 Dgri\GH24143 Dmoj\GI16397 Dper\GL21389 Dpse\GA18536 Dsec\GM12324 Dsim\GD16669 Dvir\GJ17018 Dwil\GK15559 Dyak\GE16330
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA18536
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL000383-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP002097-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001946175.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At1g11730.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 84685 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA005534-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000050617 Bos taurus (bovine) ENSBTAP00000051245 Bos taurus (bovine) CN22718 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP35671 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE30354 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000007753 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCAFP00000022393 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCINP00000011827 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA06377 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CPIJ018702 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000017019 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 194887 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP46125 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000016121 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 174449 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 66289 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000063833 Danio rerio (zebra fish) 84672 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ISCW005339-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 105149 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMMUP00000023896 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) 34633 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) LOC_Os03g38050.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) PHUM004166-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP08069 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) ENSPPYP00000004232 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 140410 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 271292 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSRNOP00000043462 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) Smp_006930 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001192931.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 63771 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_972668.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • LH24814 ISCW014983 ISCW014984 ISCW013734 ISCW010896 ISCW007342 ISCW007178 ISCW005339 FBgn0233862 FBgn0217564 FBgn0204195 FBgn0188259 FBgn0167261 JGI_V11_66289 FBgn0078538 FBgn0158982 FBgn0139145 FBgn0131599 FBgn0110901 FBgn0097781 CPIJ018702 BGIBMGA005534 ACYPI005634 GB13752 AGAP002097 AAEL000383 PB25728 PHUM278100 GLEAN_13770
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Bloomington	4303 brnfs.107 v24/FM3 7392 y1 w1118 brn228 P{neoFRT}19A/FM6 33444 w* P{EP}brnG180 P{EP}CG32767G180
Kyoto	107677 brnfs.107 v24/FM3
VDRC	v44939 w1118; P{GD3532}v44939/TM3 v45457 w1118; P{GD3532}v45457/TM3
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR21I10 BACR21M21 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 10 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD10479 RE62856
Other clones	DPiM_RE62856
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT14950 AT25176 RE34742 RE34762
Other clones	bs47a08 CK01.66A.A6 EK053735
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000221 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31358
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: brn CG4934 (Zhao, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Mutant combinations with toc demonstrate toc does not interact with brn. (Grammont et al., 1997) grk plays a role in the development of follicular epithelium by cooperating with brn for the Egfr-dependent migration of the prefollicular cels around each nurse cell-oocyte complex. brn may help provide specificity to and/or facilitate the multiplicity of grk-Egfr functions during oogenesis. (Goode et al., 1996) Phenotypic analysis proposes that brn and egh, originating from the germline, collaborate with N on the apical surface of follicle cells to mediate germline-follicle cell adhesion. Wild type function of egh and brn is required for the formation of the follicular epithelium and maintenance of the apical-basal polarity, to inhibit follicle cell division, induction of dorsal follicle cell fates (but not specification of polar/stalk cell fates) and for concerted border cell-main body epithelium migration. (Goode et al., 1996) brn has a role in chorion formation and neurogenesis. Double mutant phenotypes with Egfr alleles suggest brn is required for dorsoventral patterning of the ovarian follicle. Mosaic experiments show that whereas the Egfr product is required in the follicle cells, the brn product is required in the germline. The brn/Egfr interaction is required for migration of prefollicular cells between each oocyte/nurse cell complex and for establishing continuous follicular epithelium around each oocyte/nurse cell complex. brn may be part of a germline signalling pathway differentially regulating successive Egfr-dependent follicle cell activities. (Goode et al., 1992) brn is a neurogenic locus, mutants show characteristic neural hyperplasia. Eggshells have fused dorsal appendages suggesting that the chorion has been ventralised. (Goode and Mahowald, 1989)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057553 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_476901 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA391264 AAA85211 AAF45918 AAL48007 AAX33398 AL033125 AW942136 AY070536 BT021250 CAA21833 U41449 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31358 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q24157
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Glycosyl transferase, family 31 (IPR002659)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57876 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000221 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000221 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000221 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000221 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4934-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000221 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31358 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL000383-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP002097-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001946175.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At1g11730.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 84685 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA005534-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000050617 Bos taurus (bovine) ENSBTAP00000051245 Bos taurus (bovine) CN22718 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP35671 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE30354 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000007753 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCAFP00000022393 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCINP00000011827 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA06377 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CPIJ018702 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000017019 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 194887 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP46125 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000016121 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 174449 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 66289 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000063833 Danio rerio (zebra fish) 84672 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ISCW005339-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 105149 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMMUP00000023896 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) 34633 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) LOC_Os03g38050.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) PHUM004166-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP08069 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) ENSPPYP00000004232 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 140410 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 271292 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSRNOP00000043462 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) Smp_006930 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001192931.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 63771 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_972668.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /newgene/brainiac.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31358 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000221 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • LH24814 ISCW014983 ISCW014984 ISCW013734 ISCW010896 ISCW007342 ISCW007178 ISCW005339 FBgn0233862 FBgn0217564 FBgn0204195 FBgn0188259 FBgn0167261 JGI_V11_66289 FBgn0078538 FBgn0158982 FBgn0139145 FBgn0131599 FBgn0110901 FBgn0097781 CPIJ018702 BGIBMGA005534 ACYPI005634 GB13752 AGAP002097 AAEL000383 PB25728 PHUM278100 GLEAN_13770
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 10 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	brc (Bhat, 1998) brn (Chen et al., 2007, Pizette et al., 2009, Cook et al., 2010.2.17, Cook et al., 2010.2.17, Popodi et al., 2010-, Cook and Cook, 2010.5.7, Cook and Cook, 2010.5.7, Xi et al., 2008, Hamel et al., 2010) CG4934   EG:EG0007.6   fs(1)107 (Goode and Mahowald, 1989, Oliver et al., 1988, Perrimon et al., 1986) fs(1)A107 (Goode et al., 1992, ) l(1)6P6 (Goode and Mahowald, 1989, Goode et al., 1992, )
Name Synonym	brainiac (Chen et al., 2007, Pizette et al., 2009) Brainiac (Hamel et al., 2010) Gene B (Goode et al., 1996)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0005387
References ( 68 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 68 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 24 ) Supplementary material  ( 2 ) Review  ( 20 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 6 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 1 )
	Hamel et al., 2010, J. Cell Biol. 188(4): 581--594 Notch ligand activity is modulated by glycosphingolipid membrane composition in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0210025] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...