FB2018_06, released Dec 21, 2018 All FlyBase archives from FB2014_04 until FB2018_05 are temporarily unavailable.

Gene: Dmel\c(3)G

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\c(3)G
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
crossover suppressor on 3 of Gowen
Annotation Symbol
CG17604
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0000246
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
crossover suppressor on 3 of Gowen (c(3)G) encodes the transerve filament protein of the synaptonemal complex. The product of c(3)G is required for many meiotic processes, including homolog pairing, recombination, and chromosome segregation at meiosis I. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-06]
Other Summaries
Also Known As
c3G
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
89A5-89A5
Sequence location
3R:15,789,473..15,792,579 [-]
Recombination map
3-58
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI Genome Data Viewer
UCSC Genome Browser
Ensembl Genome Browser
PopFly Genome Browser
GO Summary Ribbons
Families, Domains and Molecular Function
Gene Group Membership (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt, Sequence Similarities)
-
Protein Domains/Motifs
InterPro
-
Molecular Function (see GO section for details)
Experimental Evidence
-
Predictions / Assertions
-
Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
c(3)G: crossover suppressor in chromosome 3 of Gowen
Eliminates meiotic crossing over in homozygous females. First-division nondisjunction and chromosome loss frequent (30% for X, 2, and 3; 20% for 4); second division normal; exceptions more frequent at 25 than at 19. Production of triploids and intersexes 300-500 times normal. Egg hatch very low. Synaptonemal complexes absent from oocytes (Meyer), and both duration of meiotic prophase and number of 16-cell cysts per germarium reduced in c(3)G/c(3)G females (Smith and King, 1969, Genetics 60: 335-51). Meiotic loss of ring chromosomes increased in c(3)G females (Sandler, 1961, Nat. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 18: 243-73). No meiotic effects in homozygous males. In c(3)G/+ females, both intergenic recombination (Hinton, 1966, Genetics 53: 157-64) and the subset of intragenic recombination accompanied by recombination of flanking markers (Carlson, 1972, Genet. Res. 19: 129-32) increased. Somatic pairing (Semjenov, 1979, Tsitologiya 21: 1353-55) and somatic crossing over (Le Clerc, 1946, Science 103: 553-54) normal in c(3)G homozygotes; however, reported to be deficient for one of two X-ray-induced reactions leading to mitotic exchange (Handle, 1974, Molec. Gen. Genet. 128: 233-39). Heterochromatic interchanges inducible in oocytes of homozygous females by X irradiation (Roberts, 1969, Genetics 47: 387-408; Wurgler, Graf, Ruch, Beck, and Steiner, 1978, Arch. Genet. 51: 217-42). Oocytes of homozygous females show increased sensitivity to X irradiation and lack the normally observed fractionation effect (Watson, 1969, Mutat. Res. 8: 91-100; 1972, Mutat. Res. 14: 299-307); Watson (1972) also reports increased sensitivity of c(3)G-bearing sperm from c(3)G/+ males to translocation induction. RK3.
c(3)G68
Effects slightly more severe than in c(3)G. Meiotic recombination absent; first-division nondisjunction and loss high (40% for X, 2, and 3; 30% for 4). Low level of nondisjunction in second meiotic division. Oocytes of homozygous females lack synaptonemal complex (Carpenter).
c(3)GOR28
Hypomorphic allele. Homozygous females show polarized reduction of recombination to 4.3% between y and f with greatest reduction distally. X-chromosome nondisjunction temperature sensitive; 16.7% at 25; reduced to 10.2% in oocytes exposed to 17 during metaphase I and anaphase I; no X-chromosome loss at either temperature. Synaptonemal complex reduced in quantity and abnormal in structure. c(3)GOR28/Df(3R)sbd105 females exhibit no recombination and 32% X-chromosome nondisjunction.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\c(3)G or the JBrowse view of Dmel\c(3)G for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model
Gene model reviewed during 5.41
Gene model reviewed during 5.47
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
c(3)G-RA
FBtr0083194
NM_142233
2617
744
c(3)G-RB
FBtr0083195
NM_169670
2594
744
c(3)G-RC
FBtr0083196
NM_169671
2629
744
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
c(3)G-PA
FBpp0082648
85.8
744
6.12
NP_650490
AAF55223
c(3)G-PB
FBpp0082649
85.8
744
6.12
NP_732065
AAN13675
c(3)G-PC
FBpp0082650
85.8
744
6.12
NP_732066
AAN13676
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

744 aa isoforms: c(3)G-PA, c(3)G-PB, c(3)G-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\c(3)G using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (3 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
reciprocal meiotic recombination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Joyce and McKim, 2009)
synaptonemal complex assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Joyce and McKim, 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
reciprocal meiotic recombination
traceable author statement
(McKim et al., 2000)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
synaptonemal complex
inferred from direct assay
(Page and Hawley, 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis & adult stage | female
oocyte
(Iida and Lilly, 2004)
adult stageoogenesis stage S1 -- S7
presumptive oocyte & oocyte
(Manheim and McKim, 2003)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | female
ovary
(Iida and Lilly, 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
c(3)G protein is detected in a ribbon pattern along the length of meiotic chromosomes during pachytene in germarium region 2a of the ovary. Staining persists through stage 7 of oogenesis.
(Manheim and McKim, 2003)
Marker for
 
synaptonemal complex
(Iida and Lilly, 2004)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
synaptonemal complex
inferred from direct assay
(Page and Hawley, 2001)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\c(3)G in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs and Phenotypes
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Allele of c(3)G
Class
Mutagen
Associated Insertion
Stocks
Known lesion
c(3)G68
0
Yes
c(3)G1
2
Yes
c(3)Gunspecified
    0
    --
    c(3)Gf05971
      1
      Yes
      c(3)GG5001
      1
      Yes
      c(3)GOR28
      hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence
      0
      --
      Other relevant insertions
      Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
      Deletions and Duplications ( 19 )
      Summary of Phenotypes
      Orthologs
      Downloads
      Download All DIOPT Orthologs
      Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
      Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
      Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
      Species\Gene Symbol
      Score
      Best Score
      Best Reverse Score
      Source
      Compara
      eggNOG
      Hieranoid
      Homologene
      Inparanoid
      Isobase
      OMA
      OrthoDB
      OrthoFinder
      OrthoInspector
      orthoMCL
      Panther
      Phylome
      RoundUp
      TreeFam
      ZFIN
      Alignment
      Complementation?
      Transgene?
      Hsap\CCDC73
      1 of 15
      Yes
      Yes
      Hsap\PPFIA3
      1 of 15
      Yes
      No
      Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
      Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (10)
      Atha\AT1G65010
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\AT3G02930
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\AT4G27595
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\AT4G32190
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\AT4G40020
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\AT5G16730
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\ATGRIP
      1 of 9
      Yes
      No
      Atha\MFP1
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\ZYP1a
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Atha\ZYP1b
      1 of 9
      Yes
      Yes
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
      Scer\KAR5
      1 of 15
      Yes
      Yes
      Scer\SGM1
      1 of 15
      Yes
      No
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
      No orthologs reported.
      Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919042J )
      Organism
      Common Name
      Gene
      AAA Syntenic Ortholog
      Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
      Drosophila melanogaster
      fruit fly
      Dmel\c(3)G
      Drosophila suzukii
      Spotted wing Drosophila
      Dsuz\DS10_00009576
      Drosophila simulans
      Dsim\GD20329
      Drosophila sechellia
      Dsec\GM25754
      Drosophila erecta
      Dere\GG20388
      Drosophila erecta
      Dere\GG20377
      Drosophila yakuba
      Dyak\GE26360
      Drosophila ananassae
      Dana\GF26923
      Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
      Dpse\GA26705
      Drosophila persimilis
      Dper\GL23692
      Drosophila willistoni
      Dwil\GK10347
      Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
      No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified
      Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
      No non-Dipteran orthologies identified
      Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
      No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
      Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
      No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
      Human Disease Model Data
      FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
        Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology)
        Download
        Models ( 0 )
        Allele
        Disease
        Evidence
        References
        Interactions ( 0 )
        Allele
        Disease
        Interaction
        References
        Comments ( 0 )
         
        Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
        Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
        Homo sapiens (Human)
        Gene name
        Score
        OMIM
        OMIM Phenotype
        Complementation?
        Transgene?
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Interactions Browser
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        esyN Network Key:
        Suppression
        Enhancement
        View in Interactions Browser
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        okr
        suppressible
        c(3)G
        (Ghabrial and Schupbach, 1999)
        External Data
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
        Pathways
        Gene Group - Pathway Membership (FlyBase)
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        3R
        Recombination map
        3-58
        Cytogenetic map
        89A5-89A5
        Sequence location
        3R:15,789,473..15,792,579 [-]
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        89A5-89A5
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}MRG15j6A3 and P{PZ}l(3)0653606536
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        89A2-89A2
        (Szauter, 1998)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location
        3-58
        (FlyBase, 2016)
        3-57.6
        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        3-57.4
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        P{wB}1-1 maps 0.15cM to the right of c(3)G.
        (Szauter, 1998)
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (5)
        Genomic Clones (15)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (69)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequences
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        polyclonal
        (Urban et al., 2014)
        monoclonal
        (Christophorou et al., 2013)
        polyclonal antibody
        (Iida and Lilly, 2004)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Other Information
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database identify of
        Source for database merge of
        Source for merge of: c(3)G CG17604
        (Page and Hawley, 2001)
        Additional comments
        "CG17604" may correspond to c(3)G, based on sequence of "CG17604" and mutant phenotype of c(3)G.
        (Grishaeva et al., 2001.11.5)
        Other Comments
        c(3)G is involved in the maintenance of euchromatic sister chromatid cohesion as well as in the maintenance of homolog-homolog association. c(3)G oocytes show normal pairing in the heterochromatin.
        (Gong et al., 2005)
        c(3)G protein is present in a thread-like pattern along the lengths of chromosomes in meiotic prophase in females, consistent with a role as a synaptonemal complex protein present on meiotic bivalents.
        (Page and Hawley, 2001)
        c(3)G is required for recombination and synaptonemal complex assembly.
        (Thatcher and Szauter, 1995)
        Origin and Etymology
        Discoverer
        Etymology
        Identification
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 36 )
        Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        C(3)G
        (Singh et al., 2018, Cahoon et al., 2017, Gyuricza et al., 2016, Zhaunova et al., 2016, Da Ines and White, 2015, Kurdzo and Dawson, 2015, Obeso et al., 2014, Urban et al., 2014, Iovino et al., 2013, Leibfried et al., 2013, Unhavaithaya and Orr-Weaver, 2013, Unhavaithaya and Orr-Weaver, 2013, Yan and McKee, 2013, Anand and Kai, 2012, Morris and Spradling, 2012, Pek et al., 2012, Rincon-Arano et al., 2012, Senger et al., 2011, Fichelson et al., 2010, Janic et al., 2010, Lancaster et al., 2010, Lewandowski et al., 2010, Ong and Tan, 2010, Ong et al., 2010, Patil and Kai, 2010, Tastan et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Joyce and McKim, 2009, Narbonne-Reveau and Lilly, 2009, Ozdowski et al., 2009, Peng and Karpen, 2009, Resnick et al., 2009, Benoit et al., 2008, Blumenstiel et al., 2008, Gause et al., 2008, Zhou and Bickel, 2008, Barbosa et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Lake et al., 2007, Lim and Kai, 2007, Mukai et al., 2007, Parma et al., 2007, Jeffress et al., 2006, McCaffrey et al., 2006, Mehrotra and McKim, 2006, Mirouse et al., 2006, Page and Hawley, 2006, Sugimura and Lilly, 2006, Gong et al., 2005, Thomas et al., 2005, Heidmann et al., 2004, Mehrotra et al., 2004, Roper and Brown, 2004, Webber et al., 2004, Findley et al., 2003, Manheim and McKim, 2003, Staeva-Vieira et al., 2003, Manheim and McKim, 2002, Page et al., 2002, Huynh and St. Johnston, 2000, Santos, 1999, The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna)
        C3G
        (Narbonne-Reveau et al., 2006)
        CG17604
        (Chen et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2010, Perkins et al., 2009, Brandt, 2006, Bogdanov et al., 2002, Bogdanov et al., 2002, Grishaeva et al., 2001)
        c(3)G
        (Hemmer and Blumenstiel, 2016, John et al., 2016, Dobson et al., 2015, Hsu et al., 2015, Lake et al., 2015, Collins et al., 2014, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Hongay and Orr-Weaver, 2011, Joyce et al., 2011, Reis et al., 2011, Schrider et al., 2011, Chubykin, 2010, Patil and Kai, 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Anderson et al., 2009, Jiang et al., 2009, Peretz et al., 2009, Page et al., 2008, Smith et al., 2008, Jeffress et al., 2007, Khetani and Bickel, 2007, Page et al., 2007, Brandt, 2006, Mukai et al., 2006, Bhagat et al., 2004, Navarro et al., 2004, Jang et al., 2003, Bogdanov et al., 2002, Chubykin, 2001)
        c(3)g
        (Chen et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Malmanche et al., 2007, Manheim and McKim, 2002)
        c3G
        (Matsubayashi and Yamamoto, 1998, Matsubayashi and Oguma, 1994, Miyamoto, 1992)
        cx
        Name Synonyms
        Crossover suppressor on 3 of Gowen
        (Janic et al., 2010)
        crossover suppressor in chromosome 3 of Gowen
        (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)
        crossover suppressor on 3 of Gowan
        (Mukai et al., 2006)
        crossover suppressor on 3 of Gowen
        (John et al., 2016, Ong and Tan, 2010, Page, 2007.6.13)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0038362
        • FBgn0063641
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        References (179)