FB2022_02, released March 29, 2022

Gene: Dmel\ca

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\ca
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
claret
Annotation Symbol
CG31037
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0000247
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
480 publicly available
Gene Summary
claret (ca) encodes a protein that is required for wild-type eye color. ca mutant flies show a wine-red eye color. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
99C2-99C2
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-99
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:29806811..29815047
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Rab32; FB:FBgn0002567
(Ma et al., 2004)
enables small GTPase binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Rab32; FB:FBgn0002567
(Ma et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002738914
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in eye pigment granule organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ma et al., 2004)
involved_in negative regulation of RNA interference
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Harris et al., 2011)
involved_in ommochrome biosynthetic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Harris et al., 2011, Tearle, 1991)
involved_in regulation of autophagy
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2012)
involved_in regulation of lipid storage
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2012)
involved_in regulation of Rab protein signal transduction
inferred from direct assay
(Ma et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in eye pigment precursor transport
traceable author statement
(Reaume et al., 1991)
involved_in regulation of Rab protein signal transduction
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002738914
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (0 terms)
There is no information supporting a Cellular Component term for this gene. (Based on a review of available data on: 2015-08-06 )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
claret (ca) encodes a protein that is required for wild-type eye color. ca mutant flies show a wine-red eye color. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
RAB GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS - OTHER -
RabGEFs are Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) for Rab family GTPases. The 'RAB GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS - OTHER' gene group contains RabGEF genes whose products have been shown to act as RabGEFs or have homology to RabGEFs in other species but do not fall into the main RabGEF subgroups.
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
ca: claret
Eye color ruby. With cn, eye color is deep reddish yellow; with bw, translucent brownish yellow (Mainx, 1938, Z. Indukt. Abstamm. Vererbungsl. 75: 256-76). Larval Malpighian tubes colorless (Beadle, 1937, Genetics 22: 587-611). Eye color autonomous when larval optic disk from ca is transplanted into wild type or v. Wild-type disk in ca not entirely autonomous (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936, Genetics 21: 230); ca flies produce less v+ substance than wild type (Clancy, 1942, Genetics 27: 417-40). Uptake of radio-labeled kynurenine by larval Malpighian tubules greatly reduced; uptake by developing eyes nearly normal (Sullivan and Sullivan, 1975, Biochem. Genet. 13: 603-13). Presence of 4-0-glucosyl-N-acetyldopamine, possibly a detoxification product of dopamine, reported by Okubo (1958, Med. J. Osaka Univ. 9: 327-37). Slightly narrow body and pointed wing. RK1.
cav: claret-variegated
cav/ca slightly variegated. Can be confused with wild type. cav/cand1 females produce normal progeny. Homozygous lethal. RK3A.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\ca for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VAG5)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Gene model reviewed during 5.57

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
ca-RA
FBtr0085484
NM_170430
7026
1961
ca-RC
FBtr0346613
NM_001300664
6398
1961
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
ca-PA
FBpp0084850
217.9
1961
5.48
NP_733309
AAF56945
ca-PC
FBpp0312193
217.9
1961
5.48
NP_001287593
AHN57592
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1961 aa isoforms: ca-PA, ca-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\ca using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\ca in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 61 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of ca
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of ca
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 48 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 48 )
Gene duplicated in
Dp(3;1)B152
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)H135
Dp(3;1)H163
(Harris, 1977)
Dp(3;1)R87
Dp(3;Y)L127
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Ts(Y;3Rt)Kpn+
Ts(YSt;3Rt)B226
(Jurgens and Weigel, 1988)
Ts(YSt;3Rt)J116
(Jurgens and Weigel, 1988)
Gene disrupted in
Df(3R)BSC547
(Christensen et al., 2008.6.11)
Df(3R)cand1
(Yamamoto et al., 1989)
Df(3R)cand5
(Yamamoto et al., 1989)
Df(3R)cand6
(Yamamoto et al., 1989)
Df(3R)cand7
(Yamamoto et al., 1989)
Df(3R)cand8
(Yamamoto et al., 1989)
Df(3R)Drice
(Xu et al., 2006)
Df(3R)R61
(Mozer, 2001)
Dp(3;1)1A
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)3
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)19
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)27
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)34
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)35
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)45B
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)46A
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)48
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)52
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)67A
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)67N
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)74
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)78
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)79
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)88
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)93
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)97
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)124P
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)138P
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)150P
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)152P
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)165P
(Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)R10
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
Dp(3;1)R14
(Kongsuwan et al., 1986, Frisardi and MacIntyre, 1984)
In(3R)ca-nd3
(Sequeira et al., 1989)
Gene not disrupted in
Df(3R)01215
(Cook, 2006.1.31)
Df(3R)X3F
(Cook, 2006.1.31)
T(2;3)cand3
(Sequeira et al., 1989)
Gene not duplicated in
Dp(1;Y)su(f)+
(Gethmann, 1967)
Dp(3;1)Dr-RXT11
(Jurgens and Weigel, 1988)
Dp(3;1)O5
(Oliver, 1937)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (22)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\SERGEF
5 of 15
Yes
No
Hsap\RCBTB1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\RCBTB2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\HERC1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\HERC2
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\RCC2
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\RCCD1
3 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\RPGR
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ALS2
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\NEK9
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\RCC1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\RCC1L
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\EEA1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\HECTD3
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\HECTD4
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\HERC3
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\HERC4
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\HERC5
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\HERC6
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\IBTK
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NEK8
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZZEF1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (22)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Sergef
5 of 15
Yes
No
Mmus\Rcbtb1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Rcbtb2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Herc1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Herc2
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rccd1
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Als2
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Nek9
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rcc1l
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rcc1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rcc2
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rpgr
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Eea1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Hectd3
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Hectd4
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Herc3
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Herc4
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Herc6
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ibtk
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Nek8
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Srpx
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zzef1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (22)
Rnor\Rcbtb1
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Rcbtb2
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Sergef
4 of 13
Yes
No
Rnor\Herc2
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rccd1
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rpgr
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Als2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Herc1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Rcc1l
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rcc1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rcc2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Eea1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Hectd3
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Hectd4
1 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Herc3
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Herc4
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Herc6
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ibtk
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\LOC302586
1 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Nek9
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Traf4
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Zzef1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (22)
Xtro\rcbtb1
4 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\rcbtb2
4 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\herc1
3 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\herc2
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\als2
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\hectd3
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\nek9
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rcc1l
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rcc1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rcc2
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\sergef
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\als2cl
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\eea1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\hectd4
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\herc3
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\herc4
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\herc6
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ibtk
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\LOC101730663
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\nek8
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rccd1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rpgr
1 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (27)
Drer\sergef
5 of 15
Yes
No
Drer\rcbtb1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\rcbtb2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\herc1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\herc2
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\rcc2
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\rpgra
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\rpgrb
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\als2a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\als2b
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\rcc1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\rcc1l
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\rccd1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\hectd3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\hectd4
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\herc3
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\herc4
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ibtk
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\im:6912692
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\LOC567670
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\LOC100536575
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\nek8
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\nek9
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch73-190m4.1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-281g13.4
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-281g13.5
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\slc47a2.2
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (9)
Cele\glo-4
6 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\K11D2.1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\ran-3
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\W09G3.7
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\eea-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\herc-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\nekl-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\tag-229
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\Y48G8AL.13
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (24)
Atha\AT3G03790
2 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G26100
2 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G53830
2 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G55580
2 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G11580
2 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\RUG3
2 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G19880
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT1G27060
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT1G65920
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT1G69710
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT3G02300
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT3G02510
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT3G15430
1 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G23270
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT3G47660
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT4G14368
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT5G12350
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT5G16040
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT5G19420
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\AT5G42140
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PRAF1
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\RUG1
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\RUG2
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\UVR8
1 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
Scer\ATS1
3 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\FMP25
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\SRM1
1 of 15
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\SPAC10F6.04
2 of 12
Yes
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (12)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
CG7420
5 of 10
CG9135
4 of 10
CG3862
3 of 10
CG6678
3 of 10
HERC2
3 of 10
Rcc1
3 of 10
CG33288
2 of 10
Als2
1 of 10
CG8060
1 of 10
Herc4
1 of 10
Nek2
1 of 10
niki
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    SERGEF; secretion regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factor
    5 of 15
    606051
        RCBTB1; RCC1 and BTB domain containing protein 1
        4 of 15
        607867
          RCBTB2; RCC1 and BTB domain containing protein 2
          4 of 15
          603524
              HERC1; HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1
              3 of 15
              605109
                HERC2; HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2
                3 of 15
                605837
                RCC2; regulator of chromosome condensation 2
                3 of 15
                609587
                    RCCD1; RCC1 domain containing 1
                    3 of 15
                    617997
                         
                        RPGR; retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator
                        3 of 15
                        312610
                        Functional Complementation Data
                        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                        Interactions
                        Summary of Physical Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                        Select Layout:
                        Legend:
                        Protein
                        RNA
                        Selected Interactor(s)
                        Interactions Browser
                        View in Interactions Browser
                        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                        protein-protein
                        Physical Interaction
                        Assay
                        References
                        ca - Rab32
                        pull down, anti tag western blot
                        (Ma et al., 2004)
                        Summary of Genetic Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        esyN Network Key:
                        Suppression
                        Enhancement
                        View in Interactions Browser
                        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        ca
                        enhanceable
                        w
                        (Lloyd et al., 2002)
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        aos
                        enhanceable
                        ca
                        (Harris et al., 2011)
                        bchs
                        enhanceable
                        ca
                        (Simonsen et al., 2007)
                        External Data
                        Linkouts
                        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                        Pathways
                        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                        Metabolic Pathways
                        External Data
                        Linkouts
                        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                        Chromosome (arm)
                        3R
                        Recombination map
                        3-99
                        Cytogenetic map
                        99C2-99C2
                        Sequence location
                        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Evidence for location
                        99C2-99C2
                        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}ncd05884 and P{lacW}l(3)s2500s2500
                        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Notes
                        References
                        99B8-99B10
                        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                        (Yamamoto et al., 1989)
                        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                        Location

                        3-99

                        (FlyBase, 2016)

                        3-97.0

                        (Comeron et al., 2012)

                        3-100.7

                        (Ives, 1949)
                        Left of (cM)
                        (Lewis, 1956)
                        Right of (cM)
                        (Boyd et al., 1981)
                        Notes
                        Stocks and Reagents
                        Stocks (480)
                        Genomic Clones (15)
                         

                        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                        cDNA Clones (28)
                         

                        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                        BDGP DGC clones
                        Other clones
                        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                        BDGP DGC clones
                        Other clones
                        RNAi and Array Information
                        Linkouts
                        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                        Antibody Information
                        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                         
                        Commercially Available Antibodies
                         
                        Other Information
                        Relationship to Other Genes
                        Source for database identify of
                        Source for database merge of

                        Source for merge of: ca CG31037

                        (Ma et al., 2004)
                        Additional comments

                        Annotations CG18133, CG7799 and CG18134 merged as CG31037 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

                        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
                        Other Comments

                        Lesions in ca reduce or eliminate pigmentation in the eyes and ocelli and block pigmentation of the fat body and tubules: ca is required for normal pigmentation of all four tissues. ca gene product may be a component of the ommochrome precursor transport system.

                        (Tearle, 1991)

                        The 'cand' locus has been found to be two closely linked but separate genes, ca and ncd.

                        (Yamamoto et al., 1989)

                        Pteridines (neodrosopterin, drosopterin, isodrosopterin, aurodrosopterin, 6-acetyl-dihydrohomopterin, sepiapterin, dihydrobiopterin, biopterin, pterin and isoxanthopterin) have been quantified in single and double mutants.

                        (Silva and Mensua, 1985)
                        Origin and Etymology
                        Discoverer
                        Etymology
                        Identification
                        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 39 )
                        Sequence Crossreferences
                        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                        Other crossreferences
                        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                        Linkouts
                        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
                        Datasets (8)
                        Study focus (0)
                        Experimental Role
                        Project
                        Project Type
                        Title
                        Study result (8)
                        Result
                        Result Type
                        Title
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_NI_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of hemocytes from non-infested third instar larvae
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_WI_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of hemocytes from wasp-infested third instar larvae
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI72LG_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 72 h after egg-laying
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96LG_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120LG_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_WI96LG_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from wasp-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96HL_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
                        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120HL_seq_clustering
                        Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
                        References (131)